新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）綜合教程B4U3（浙江海洋大學(xué)版）課件 B4U3 The muse within music Reading 2

COLLEGEENGLISH新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第四版綜合教程4UnitThe

muse

within

music3ZHEJIANGOCEANUNIVERSITYFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSCoverReading2目錄contents新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Get

readytoreadTextexploration

ReadandthinkReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateContentsReading2目錄contents新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Get

readytoreadReadandthinkTextexplorationReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateContents-GetreadytoreadReading2Get

readytoreadJazzisamusicgenrethatoriginatedintheAfrican-AmericancommunitiesofNewOrleans,Louisiana,inthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.Jazzisaboutmakingsomethingfamiliarintosomethingfresh,andaboutmakingsomethingsharedintosomethingpersonal.Watchavideoclipaboutjazzandanswerthequestionswithinformationfromthevideoclip.新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Watchforinformation

WatchforinformationReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Get

readytoreadWatchforinformation

1.Whyisimprovisationimportantforjazz?Itisoneofthe1)_______________ofthismusicgenre.2.Whataresomeoftheguidingprinciplesofimprovisation?2)_______________

withavailableresources.Playingaroundwith3)___________.Embellishing4)____________ofapiece.Infusingwhatyouplaywithyour5)__________________________.definingfeaturesMakingupmusictherhythmthemelodyfeelinganduniquepersonalityReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Get

readytoreadWatchforinformation

3.Howdoesimprovisationbenefitajazzband?Itbuildsrelationshipsamongbandmembersandhelpsthemtotalkand6)_____________________duringaperformance.4.Whathappenswhenabandimprovises?Whenthesoloistexperimentswiththemelodyandchangestherhythm,thepieceofmusicbecomes7)________________________.Byjoiningthesoloist,theband8)_________withthemelodyandprovidesarhythmicandharmonicfoundation.interactsexpresstheirpersonalitiesmorefunandmorepersonalReading2Get

readytoread新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3WatchanddiscussWorkingroupsanddiscussthequestions.Whatimpressesyouthemostabouttheperformanceyou’vejustseen?Besidesaddingfuntothecreationofjazz,improvisationisalsoanimportantskillinoureverydaylife.Whataresomedaily-lifescenarioswhichmayrequireimprovisation?WatchanddiscussReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Sampleanswer:Get

readytoread1.Obviously,themusicianshipofeveryoneintheband,especiallyoftheyoungsaxophoneplayer,isquiteimpressive.ButwhatIfoundmostimpressiveabouttheperformanceishowseamlesstheband’simprovisationis.Everythinghappenssoorganically.Itisasiftheysharesomekindof“secretlanguage,”whichallowsthemtomakemusicinsuchaspontaneousandreal-timeway.Itislikeaconversationwhereeveryoneknowsexactlywhentospeak,whentolisten,andwhattosay.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Sampleanswer:

Get

readytoread2.Sincelifedoesnothappenaccordingtoascript,thereareplentyofscenariosinwhichwewillneedtoimprovise.Forexample,ifafriendarrivesunannouncedaroundthelunchhour,Iwillprobablyprepareamealonthespot,

usingwhateverIcanfindinthecupboard.Inthatcase,Iwillbeimprovisingameal.IfIamcaughtintherainunexpectedly,Imightimprovisebycoveringmyheadwithaplasticbag.Asstudents,wearesometimesaskedquestionsthatwedonotanticipate.Ouranswersaredrivenbywhatwehavebeentalkingaboutandthenatureofthequestion,buttheyarealsoimprovisationalinnature.Thelistcangoonandon,whichreallyshowswhatavitalroleimprovisationplaysinourlives.Reading2目錄contents新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3ReadandthinkReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateTextexploration

GetreadytoreadContents-TextexplorationReading2TextexplorationPre-readingquestionsStructure

VocabularyBackgroundinformationTextreadingTextexploration-contentsReading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationTextreadingVocabularyPre-readingquestionsStructureTextexploration-BackgroundinforReading2TextexplorationJohnColtrane(1926-1967)wasanAmericanjazzsaxophonist,bandleaderandcomposer.Knownforhisinnovativetechniquesandprofoundimpactonthegenre,hepushedtheboundariesofjazzandexplorednewmusicalterritorieswithhiswork.Decadesafterhisdeath,Coltraneremainsinfluentialandhasreceivednumerousposthumousawards.新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3BackgroundinformationBackgroundinformationReading2TextexplorationMilesDavis(1926-1991)wasanAmericanjazztrumpeter,bandleader,andcomposer.Heiswidelyconsideredoneofthemostinfluentialandinnovativefiguresinthehistoryofjazzand20th-centurymusic.Throughouthiscareer,Daviswasattheforefrontofseveralmajordevelopmentsinjazzmusic,includingbebop,cooljazz,modaljazz,andjazzfusion.新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationTextreadingVocabularyBackgroundinformationStructurePre-readingquestions新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Reading2Textexploration-Pre-readingReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Pre-readingquestionsWhatdoyoulikeordislikeaboutjazzmusic?Doyoubelievethatcreativityisanatural-borntalent?Pre-readingquestionsReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Sample

answer

toquestion

1:Jazzmusicjustspeakstomysoullikenothingelse.Thepassionandemotionthatthemusiciansputintotheirperformancesreallyresonateswithme.WhenIhearadeep,soulfulsaxophonesoloorapowerfultrumpetriff,it’slikeallmyworriesmeltawayandI’mtransportedtoanotherworld.Jazzispuremagic.OliviaEthanI’mnotafanofjazzmusicbecauseIfindittoochaoticanddisorganized.Theimprovisationandconstantchangesintempomakeithardformetofollowalongandenjoythemusic.IprefermorestructuredgenreslikeclassicalorpopwhereIknowwhattoexpect.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Sample

answertoquestion2:Yeah,Ithinksomepeoplearejustbornwithcreativity.Youknow,likethosekidswhocandrawamazingpicturesorcomeupwithcoolstorieswithoutmucheffort.It’sliketheyhaveanaturalgift.Nomatterhowmucheffortyouputin,youcan’tcatchupwiththem.Ibelievecreativitycanbedevelopedovertime.Ifyoupracticeandexposeyourselftodifferentexperiences,youcandefinitelybecomemorecreative.Asforme,Iwasn’tverycreativeasakid,butasIgrewolderandtriednewthings,Ibecamemorecreative.It’snotjustsomethingyou’rebornwith;it’ssomethingyoucanworkon.SophiaMaxReading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationTextreadingPre-readingquestionsStructureVocabularyText-exploration-StructureReading2Structure新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationPart1(Paras.1-2)Part2(Paras.3-4)Part3(Paras.5-7)Part4(Paras.8-12)Part5(Paras.13-15)StructureBLimb’sstudyfoundthatwhenjazzmusiciansimprovised,theirbrainswereinaspecialfunctionalstate.Improvisationisimportanttojazzmusiciansandilluminatingtoneuroscientists.Improvisationalcreativityisnotexclusivetothearts,andwecanlookforwaystoimproviseinourdailylife.Adecade’sstudyinthefieldofimprovisationalneurosciencehasenrichedourunderstandingofimprovisationandcreativity.CharlesLimbbelievesstudyingthecreativeprocessinjazzimprovisationholdsthekeytounlockingthesecrettoanykindofcreation.CDAEReading2Detailedunderstanding新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationStructureReadthepassageagainanddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Inhisstudy,Limbhadonegroupofmusiciansplayamemorizedsongandtheothergroupimprovise.Peoplewhoareveryself-consciousmayfindithardtoimprovise.ManystudieshavebeenconductedandconfirmedLimb’sfindings.Althoughbothsidesofthebrainareintimatelyinvolvedincreativity,therightsideplaysamoredominantroleintheprocess.FTTFReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationStructureThebestimprovisersarethosewhodonotfeeltheneedtohonetheskillofimprovisation.The2018studyfoundmusiciansaccustomedtofollowingwhatwaswrittenhaddifficultydevelopingtheabilitytoimprovise.Whenathletesare“inthezone,”theytakeshotsusingtheirinstincts.AnthonyVenezialeusesthe“yes”daytotrainhisdaughtertoimprovise.FFTTReading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsVocabulary

StructureTextreadingText-exploration-TextreadingReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3

1.Fingersgrazeakeyboard,poisedtoplay.Atrumpetrisestothelips.Drumsticksperchintheair.Whatcomesnext?Nooneknows.Thebeautyofjazzisthewayimprovisationisentwinedwithart,eachinstrumentcapableofhijackingthemelodyandreinventingitinwaysthemusicianisn’tevencognizantof.OrastrumpeterMilesDavisputit,“I’llplayitandtellyouwhatitislater.”2.CharlesLimbhasafarmorescientificdescription:“That’snotjustphenomenal

music.That’sphenomenalneurobiology.”JazzyourbrainsReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit33.AneuroscientistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,andanaccomplishedjazzmusician,Limbhaslongbeenfascinatedbythegenesisofcreativity.Improvisationaljazz,hebelieves,isessentiallypurecreationinaction.It’swhatcanhappenwhenthebrainisfreedfromtheshackles

ofcommonrulesandsimplyinvents.“Ihadalwaysintuitivelyunderstoodthatthecreativeprocessinjazzimprovisationisverydifferentfromtheprocessofmemorization,”heexplains.“Whenyouheargreatjazz,likeJohnColtraneorMilesDavis,ithasthisjaw-droppingqualitytoit,andwhat’sbeendescribedas‘a(chǎn)soundofsurprise’takesplace.Andyouthinktoyourself,‘Wow.’”Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit34.So,Limblookedforawaytostudywhathappensinthebrainwhenitturnsinspirationintocreation.Findtherightkey,hebelieved,andsciencecouldonedayunlockthesecrettoanykindofcreation,whetherit’sartisticorsomethingmoreordinary,suchasabettersolutionfororganizingyourday.5.Toseewhetherhecouldquantify

theseeminglyineffablewaythebraincreates,Limbaskedjazzmusicianstoplayamemorizedsong,andtheirbrainswerescannedwithfunctionalMRI.Thenthemusicianswerescannedwhiletheywereriffingtocomparethedifferences.Theresults,publishedin2008,wereilluminating.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit36.Whilethemusiciansimprovised,thepartofthebrainthatallowshumanstoexpressthemselves—themedialprefrontalcortex—becamemoreactive.Atthesametime,thepartofthebrainresponsibleforself-inhibitionandcontrol,thedorsolateralprefrontalcortex,becamedormant.7.Inotherwords,inordertoimprovisesuccessfully,themusiciansneededtodeactivatethepartoftheirbrainsresponsibleforself-monitoring,Limbsays.“Ifyou’retooself-conscious,it’sveryhardtobefreecreatively.”Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit38.Jazzmusiciansaren’ttheonlyfolkswhosebrainsshowuniquesignsofcreativityunleashed.Inthepastdecade,thefieldofimprovisationalneurosciencehasexpandedtopeerinsidethebrainsofrappers,classicalmusicians,stand-upcomedians,caricatureartists,writers,andevenso-calleddivergentthinkers(peoplewhoareexcellentatthinkingontheirfeet).9.Thesestudiesconsistentlyshowadifferencebetweenpeople’sbrainswhentheyareimprovisingandwhentheyarenot.“Sowe’requiteconvinced,”Limbnotes,“thatthestateofcreativityisadifferentfunctionalbrainstate,andit’smeasurable.”Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit310.Oneofthemythsresearchershavedisprovedwasthattheso-called“right-brained”peoplearemorecreative,whilethe“l(fā)eft-brained”peoplearemoreanalytical.Infact,ananalysisofthebrainactivityofmorethan1,000peoplerevealedthatnoonehasadominantsideofthebrain;everyoneusesthenetworksinboththeleftandtherightsides,andbothsidesofthebrainareintimatelyinvolvedincreativityandchange.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit311.Anotherdisprovedmythisthattheabilitytocreateontheflyisatalentonlycertainpeoplehave,andtheyhaveitfrombirth.Rather,researchfindsthatthebestimprovisersarethosewhohavehonedtheirskilloverhundredsofhoursofpractice.RexJung,aprofessorofneurosurgeryatTheUniversityofNewMexicowhostudiesaptitude,intelligence,andcreativity,explains,“Themoretimeyoudevotetodevelopingaskillset,themorerawmaterialyouhavetodrawonandtheeasieritistoimprovise.”Themorepaintingsyouhavedone,thefasteryoucanidentifywhichcolorswillmixwell.Themorejokesyouhavetold,theeasieritistoknowwhichpunchlineswilldrawthemostlaughs.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit312.Moreover,althoughitseemsalittlecounterintuitive,improvisationitselfisaskillthatyoucanimprovewithpractice.Ina2018studyatColumbiaUniversity,researchersshowedthatmusicianswhoregularlypracticedimprovisationwerebetteratitthanmusicianswhowereaccustomed

tojustfollowingwhatwaswritten.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit313.Sciencehasalsodemonstratedthatimprovisationalcreativityisnotexclusivetothearts.Limbsaysthatthe“ideaofrespondingtosomethingthatwedidn’tanticipatehappeningisafundamentalattributeofwhatitmeanstobehuman.Humansarehard-wiredtocreate.”ThecreativebrainstatethatLimbhasdocumentedinmusicians,comedians,andartistsissimilartothatofathletes“inthezone”whoturnofftheself-monitoringpartoftheirbrainsandusetheirinstinctsinanuninhibitedwaytodecidewhichshotstotake.Thismindsetisalsowhatweemployindailylifetodealwiththeunexpected.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Facedwithadelayedsubwaytrain,forinstance,wemightdecidetowalkortakethebus.Or,realizingthatwe’reoutoflemonswhilecooking,wemightsubstitute

alime—orsomethingelse.14.“Everyoneiscreative;it’sjustamatterofdegree,”saysJung.“Wehavethisprototypicalideaofartisticcreativity,butwearecreativeinourrelationships,ourwork,ourcooking,orevenarrangingourhomesinadifferentway.”Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit315.Totrainyourbraintothinkcreatively,then,lookforwaystoimproviseinyourdailylife.ImprovcomedianAnthonyVenezialepracticesthiswithhisdaughterbygivinghera“yes”day.Foroneday,aslongasshedoesn’thurtanyone,theywilldoanythingshewants:Haveicecreamforbreakfast,buildasandcastleinwinter,orgobug-huntinginalocalpark.Thissortofexerciseisjustasimportanttoyourhealthasthephysicalkind.Limbnotesthat“thecreativebrainisagenerallymoreactivatedbrainthananoncreativeone”—andanactivatedbrainisgenerallybetterabletowardoffforgetfulness,absent-mindedness,andevendementia.Reading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsVocabulary

StructureTextreadingText-exploration-VocabularyReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationVocabulary1.entwine

v.1)(be~d[withsth.])becloselyconnectedwithsth.inacomplicatedway（與某事物）緊密聯(lián)系在一起e.g.Talesofdaringadventuresandgreatdeedsareentwinedwithideasofheroism.2)twisttwothingstogetherorwindonethingaroundanother（使）交錯(cuò)；（使）纏繞e.g.Thepicturecapturesdancersinatender,entwinedembrace,embodyingstrengthandelegance.Word-1entwineReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的歷史學(xué)家能夠?qū)⑺氖妨吓c來(lái)自其他多方面的信息相互印證。這張照片拍攝到的是緊緊擁抱在一起的一對(duì)戀人。Word-1sypr?Practice:Askilledhistorianisabletoentwinehisinventorymaterialwithevidencegatheredfromavarietyofothersources.Thepicturecapturesthetwoloverswiththeirarmsentwined.?Synonyms:twist,surround,embrace,weaveReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration2.hijack

vt.1)takecontrolofsth.anduseitforyourownpurposes控制；操縱e.g.Heresentsthewayhisideashavebeenhijackedbyothersinthedepartment.2)useviolenceorthreatstotakecontrolofaplane,vehicle,orship劫持（飛機(jī)、車(chē)輛或船）e.g.TwomenhijackedajettravelingtoParis,promptingaswiftpoliceresponse.Word-2hijackReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration盡管托尼試圖操控會(huì)議，但他的老板迅速將會(huì)議引回正軌。周一，一艘載有26名船員的化學(xué)品船被海盜劫持。Word-2pr?Practice:Thoughhetriedtohijackthemeeting,Tony’sbossquicklysteeredtheconferencebackinapositivedirection.Achemicaltankerwith26crewwashijackedbypiratesonMonday.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration3.phenomenal

a.verygreatorimpressive極大的；非凡的；驚人的e.g.Theleisuresectorhasexperiencedphenomenalgrowthoverthelastfewyears.Word-3phenomenalsyre?Synonyms:extraordinary,outstanding,remarkable,fantastic?Relatedwords:phenomenonphenomenaphenomenallyphenomenologyn.現(xiàn)象；奇人；奇事n.(pl.)

現(xiàn)象；奇人；奇事ad.現(xiàn)象上地；明白地；從感官認(rèn)識(shí)到n.現(xiàn)象學(xué)；現(xiàn)象論Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-3pr?Practice:Fillintheblankswithphenomenon,phenomenal,phenomenallyorphenomenology.Theperformanceshavebeenabsolutely___________.Thisdiscoverymadehimabolishtheideaof______________eventually.Doyoubelieveintheparanormalandotherpsychic___________?Thegrouphavebeen____________successfulinEurope.phenomenonphenomenalphenomenologyphenomenallyReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration4.neuroscientist

n.

[C]ascientistwhostudiesthenervoussystemandthebrain神經(jīng)科學(xué)家e.g.Neuroscientistsareabletorecordthefiringofasinglenervecell.Word-4neuroscientist?Wordbuilding:Theprefix“neuro-”

isusedtoformwordsthatreferorrelatetoanerveorthenervoussystem.eg.Neuroscientistsareabletorecordthefiringofasinglenervecell.eg.aneuromusculardisorderReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-4repr-todo?Relatedwords:neuronneurologicalneuroscience【解剖】神經(jīng)元，神經(jīng)單位神經(jīng)科學(xué)n.n.a.神經(jīng)病學(xué)的，神經(jīng)學(xué)上的?Practice:神經(jīng)科學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)法律可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。Discoveriesinneurosciencemayalsohaveprofoundlegalimplications.研究表明，有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)可以重塑大腦，促進(jìn)新神經(jīng)元的生長(zhǎng)。Researchhasshownthataerobicexerciseremodelsthebrain,promptingthegrowthofnewneurons.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration5.shackle

n.(~s)[pl.]1)sth.thatpreventsyoufromdoingwhatyouwanttodo枷鎖；桎梏e.g.Theseprogramsweredesignedtoremovetheshacklessothateverychildcouldreachthestartinglineonanequalfooting.2)apairofmetalringsconnectedbyachainandfastenedtoaperson’swristsorthebottomoftheirlegstopreventthemfromescaping鐐銬e.g.HereleasedtheheavymetalshacklesthatboundBilly’shands,settinghimfree.Word-5shackleReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-5pr他太年輕了，不能用家庭的責(zé)任來(lái)束縛自己。囚犯用錘子打破了枷鎖并逃跑了。?Practice:He’stooyoungtoshacklehimselfwiththeresponsibilitiesofafamily.Theprisonerbroketheshacklewithahammerandescaped.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration6.quantify

vt.calculatethevalueofsth.andexpressitasanumberoranamount測(cè)定…的數(shù)量；用數(shù)量表示；量化e.g.Theresearchshouldhelpquantifythedifferencesbetweenolderandyoungerdrivers.Word-6quantifyquantity

n.量，數(shù)目quantitativea.數(shù)量的；定量的aquantityof大量的e.g.Thefactoryhadaccidentallyreleasedaquantityoftoxicwasteintothesea.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationBothcanbeusedinscientificresearch.Quantitativedataisnumbers-based,countable,ormeasurable.Quantitativedatatellsushowmany,howmuch,orhowoftenincalculations.Qualitativedataisinterpretation-based,descriptive,andrelatingtolanguage.Qualitativedatacanhelpustounderstandwhy,how,orwhathappenedbehindcertainbehaviors.Word-6dif…ph?Differentiate“quantitative”and“qualitative”:?Phrases:quantitativeresearchqualitativeresearch定量研究定性研究Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-6

pr我們需要對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)與健康之間的積極和消極方面的相對(duì)大小進(jìn)行更多定量研究。在定性研究中，通常很難確定結(jié)果是否有效且可靠。?Practice:Weneedmorequantitativeresearchintotherelativesizeofthesepositiveandnegativeaspectsofthesport-healthconnection.Inqualitativeresearch,itisoftenhardtodeterminewhetherornottheresultsarebothvalidandreliable.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration7.illuminating

a.makingthingsmuchclearerandeasiertounderstand使清楚易懂的；富于啟發(fā)的e.g.Blake’sachievementissignificant,producingunderstandabletheoriesandilluminatinganalyseswithinsuchashortbook.Word-7illuminatingsyre?Synonyms:informative;enlightening?Relatedwords:illuminateilluminatedilluminationilluminativ.

照射，照亮；闡明，解釋a.

照亮的；被照明的；裝飾華麗的n.

光亮，照明；啟迪，闡明n.

自稱(chēng)睿智的人；上層人士Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-7

pr?Practice:Fillintheblankswithilluminate,illuminating,illuminationorilluminati.Theonly___________camefromasmallwindowhighintheoppositewall.Theblackskywas___________byforkedlightning.Thebookisfullof____________detailonthecausesofthewar.Thereseemstobeasubtexttothispassage,intendedforthe__________only.illuminationilluminatedilluminatingilluminatiReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration8.dormant

a.notactiveornotgrowingatthepresenttimebutabletobeactivelater蟄伏的；休眠的e.g.Hertalentmighthavelaindormanthaditnotbeenforheraunt’sencouragement.Word-8dormantsyph?Phrases:dormantvolcanodormantcompanydormantaccountdormantstate休眠火山休眠公司休眠賬戶(hù)休眠狀態(tài)?Synonyms:latent,inactive,quiescentReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-8pr?Practice:蛹（pupae）在土壤中保持休眠狀態(tài)，直到冬天成為成蟲(chóng)。這座火山在休眠了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)之后爆發(fā)了。Thepupaeremaindormantinthesoiluntiltheyemergeasadultmothsinthewinter.Thevolcanoeruptedaftercenturiesofdormancy.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration9.analytical

a.(alsoanalytic)thinkingaboutthingsinadetailedandintelligentway,sothatyoucanexamineandunderstandthings頭腦周密的；條分縷析的e.g.Somestudentshaveamoreanalyticalapproachtolearning.Word-9analytical?Relatedwords:analysisanalyze(analyse)analytic(analytical)analyticallyn.分析v.分析；分解a.分析的，分析性的ad.分析地；解析地Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-9

pr?Practice:2007年的文獻(xiàn)綜述分析了過(guò)去40年13個(gè)國(guó)家的24項(xiàng)研究，涵蓋771個(gè)案例。然而，分析性閱讀需要高度集中注意力。A2007literaturereviewanalyzed24studiesin13countriesoverthepast40years,covering771cases.Analyticalreadingrequiresgoodlevelsofconcentration,however.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration10.aptitude

n.

[C,U]naturalabilityorskill,esp.inlearning（尤指學(xué)習(xí)方面的）天資，天賦e.g.Ourpolicyistorecruitatlowerlevelsandtrainthosewhoshowaptitudeformanagement.Word-10aptitude?Phrases:aptitudetestacademicaptitudenaturalaptituden.能力傾向測(cè)試n.學(xué)術(shù)能力n.天賦Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-10

pr?Practice:在獲得這份工作之前，她必須參加能力傾向測(cè)試。有些學(xué)生比其他學(xué)生更有學(xué)術(shù)工作的能力。Shehadtotake/do/sitanaptitudetestbeforeshegotthejob.Somestudentshavemoreaptitudeforacademicworkthanothers.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration11.accustomed1)a.(be~to[doing]sth.)befamiliarwithsth.andacceptitasnormal習(xí)慣于（做）某事e.g.Thestudentsquicklybecameaccustomedtohisratherdisorganizedwayofdeliveringlectures.

2)v.tomakesomeonefamiliarwithnewconditions使習(xí)慣于e.g.Theteamhasaccustomeditselftothepaceoffirstdivisionrugby.Word-11accustomed?Phrases:beaccustomed/usedto習(xí)慣于…Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-11

pr?Practice:莎士比亞讓我們習(xí)見(jiàn)了同一場(chǎng)戲目中的悲喜交錯(cuò)。沒(méi)有人愿意與一個(gè)習(xí)慣于食言的人打交道。Shakespearehasaccustomedustoamixtureofhumorandtragedyinthesameplay.Noonewishestodealwithapersonwhoisaccustomedtobreakinghisword.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration12.substitute1)vt.usesth.newordifferentinsteadofsth.else用（新的或不同的事物）代替e.g.Iusethatrecipebutsubstitutewheat-freeflourforregularflour.2)n.[C]apersonorthingactingorservinginplaceofanother代替者；代替物e.g.Theprintedwordisnosubstituteforapersonaldiscussionwithagreatthinker.Word-12substituteReading2新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-12pr?Practice:而且，不僅是貨幣被取代，整個(gè)階級(jí)制度和經(jīng)濟(jì)生活也發(fā)生了徹底的轉(zhuǎn)變。這些級(jí)別的許多職業(yè)很容易被人工智能大規(guī)模取代。Moreover,notonlywasthecoinagesubstituted,

butalsothewholeclasssystemandeconomiclifeunderwentatotaltransformation.Manyoftheprofessionsthroughouttheselevelsarevulnerabletowholesalesubstitutionbyartificialintelligence.Reading2目錄contents新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3TextexplorationReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateReadandthinkGetreadytoreadContents-ReadandthinkReading2Readandthink新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3I.ThecharmofimprovisationsStep1:

Accordingtothefindingsoftheneurobiologicalresearchonimprovisation,whatmademusicianssuchasJohnColtraneandMilesDavissogoodatimprovisation?Reading2Readandthink新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Sampleanswer:Accordingtothepassage,greatjazzmusicianssuchasJohnColtraneandMilesDavismustbethekindofpeoplewhoareabletodeactivatethedorsolateralprefrontalcortex,whichisresponsibleforself-inhibitionandcontrol.Meanwhile,themedialprefrontalcortexintheirbrainsmustbequiteactive,asthispartofthebrainallowshumanstoexpressthemselves.Inaddition,sinceimprovisationisaskillthatcanbeimprovedwithpractice,theymusthavehonedthisskilloverhundreds,maybeeventhousandsofhoursofpractice.Inaword,b