Unit 8 Natural disasters 第1課時 教學(xué)設(shè)計-2024-2025學(xué)年初中英語八年級上冊同步教學(xué)（牛津譯林版）

Unit8Naturaldisasters第1課時教學(xué)設(shè)計-2024-2025學(xué)年初中英語八年級上冊同步教學(xué)（牛津譯林版）課題：科目：班級：課時：計劃1課時教師：單位：一、設(shè)計思路本課時圍繞Unit8Naturaldisasters展開，通過情景導(dǎo)入、課文講解、小組討論和角色扮演等活動，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解自然災(zāi)害的類型、危害及應(yīng)對措施。課程設(shè)計注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的聽說讀寫能力，同時結(jié)合實際生活，提高學(xué)生對自然災(zāi)害的認識和防范意識。二、核心素養(yǎng)目標(biāo)分析本節(jié)課旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的人文素養(yǎng)、語言實踐能力和思辨能力。學(xué)生通過學(xué)習(xí)自然災(zāi)害的知識，增強跨文化意識，了解世界各地的災(zāi)害現(xiàn)象，提高應(yīng)對災(zāi)害的緊急處理能力。同時，通過角色扮演和小組合作，鍛煉學(xué)生的團隊協(xié)作能力和解決問題的能力，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的英語語言綜合運用能力。三、教學(xué)難點與重點1.教學(xué)重點

-核心內(nèi)容：掌握自然災(zāi)害的類型、特點及其對人類生活的影響。

-具體細節(jié)：

-理解并區(qū)分地震、洪水、臺風(fēng)、火山爆發(fā)等不同自然災(zāi)害的特點。

-能夠描述自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生的原因和可能帶來的后果。

-學(xué)習(xí)如何使用英語描述自然災(zāi)害的緊急情況。

2.教學(xué)難點

-難點內(nèi)容：自然災(zāi)害的成因和預(yù)防措施的理解與表達。

-具體細節(jié)：

-理解自然災(zāi)害的成因，如地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、氣候變化等。

-學(xué)習(xí)如何用英語表達預(yù)防自然災(zāi)害的措施，包括個人防護和社區(qū)應(yīng)對策略。

-在角色扮演活動中，學(xué)生可能難以準(zhǔn)確表達復(fù)雜的災(zāi)害情景和應(yīng)對方法。四、教學(xué)方法與策略1.采用講授法介紹自然災(zāi)害的基本知識，并結(jié)合多媒體展示相關(guān)圖片和視頻，增強直觀感受。

2.通過小組討論，讓學(xué)生分享對自然災(zāi)害的認識，促進交流與合作。

3.設(shè)計角色扮演活動，讓學(xué)生模擬災(zāi)害發(fā)生時的應(yīng)對措施，提高實際應(yīng)用能力。

4.使用互動式電子白板，展示自然災(zāi)害的模擬圖和預(yù)防措施，強化知識點的記憶。

5.結(jié)合課后作業(yè)，讓學(xué)生通過查閱資料，深入了解特定自然災(zāi)害，培養(yǎng)自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。五、教學(xué)過程第一課時

【導(dǎo)入】

（老師）Goodmorning,class!Howareyoualltoday?Today,we'regoingtoexploreatopicthatcansometimesbescarybutisalsoveryimportant–naturaldisasters.Let'sstartbybrainstorming:Whataresomenaturaldisastersthatyouknowof?

（學(xué)生）Earthquakes,floods,hurricanes,volcanoes...

【新課導(dǎo)入】

（老師）Great!Nowthatwehavealist,let'sseeifwecancategorizethem.Arethereanypatternsorsimilaritiesamongthesedisasters?

（學(xué)生）Theyalloccurinnature.

（老師）Exactly!Theyareallpartofthenaturalworld.Today,wewilldelvedeeperintothetopicofnaturaldisasters,focusingontheirtypes,causes,andhowwecanprepareforthem.

【新課呈現(xiàn)】

1.**自然災(zāi)害的類型**

-（老師）Let'sbeginbylookingatthedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters.Wehavealreadymentionedearthquakes,floods,hurricanes,andvolcanoes.Therearealsodroughts,landslides,andtsunamis.

-（學(xué)生）Whatarethecausesofthesedisasters?

-（老師）Goodquestion.Causescanbegeological,meteorological,orevenhuman-related.Forexample,earthquakesareusuallycausedbytectonicplatemovements,whilehurricanesareformedoverwarmoceanwaters.

2.**自然災(zāi)害的影響**

-（老師）Nowthatweknowwhattheyare,let'sdiscusstheimpactsofnaturaldisasters.Theycancauselossoflife,damagetoproperty,anddisruptdailylife.

-（學(xué)生）Howdopeopleusuallyreacttonaturaldisasters?

-（老師）Peoplereactindifferentways.Somemayevacuatetosaferareas,whileothersmayhelpwithrescueandreliefefforts.It'simportanttobeprepared.

3.**預(yù)防措施**

-（老師）Tominimizethedamageandloss,it'scrucialtohavepreparednessplans.Thisincludesbuildingcodesforstructures,emergencykits,andevacuationplans.

-（學(xué)生）Whatshouldbeinanemergencykit?

-（老師）Anemergencykitshouldincludewater,food,afirstaidkit,flashlights,batteries,andabattery-operatedradio.It'salwaysbettertobepreparedthantobecaughtoffguard.

【活動設(shè)計】

1.**角色扮演**

-（老師）Let'sputourselvesinascenariowhereanaturaldisasterishappening.Iwillchoosevolunteerstoactoutdifferentroles,suchasapersoninneed,arescuer,oragovernmentofficial.

-（學(xué)生）Studentsvolunteerandparticipateintherole-play,demonstratinghowtheywouldreactinareal-lifedisastersituation.

2.**小組討論**

-（老師）Now,let'sdiscussingroups.Imagineyourcityispronetoaspecificnaturaldisaster.Whatstepswouldyoutaketoprepareyourcommunity?

-（學(xué)生）Studentsdiscussingroups,sharingideasonhowtopreparefornaturaldisasters,includingpublicawarenesscampaigns,trainingexercises,andbuildingresilientinfrastructure.

3.**案例分析**

-（老師）Let'sanalyzeareal-lifecaseofanaturaldisaster.Wewillreadabriefreportanddiscussthecauses,impacts,andresponsemeasures.

-（學(xué)生）Studentsreadthecasestudyandparticipateinaclassdiscussion,sharingtheirinsightsandquestions.

【總結(jié)】

（老師）Today,wehavelearnedaboutthedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters,theircauses,impacts,andtheimportanceofpreparedness.Remember,beinginformedandpreparedcanmakeabigdifferenceinthefaceofanaturaldisaster.

【作業(yè)布置】

-（老師）Forhomework,Iwouldlikeyoutowriteashortessayonhowyourcommunitycanbetterpreparefornaturaldisasters.Includesuggestionsforpreparednessmeasuresandtheimportanceofpublicawareness.

【課后反思】

（老師）Astheteacher,Iwillreflectontheeffectivenessofthelesson.Didthestudentsunderstandtheconceptswell?Wastherole-playactivityengaging?Didthegroupdiscussionsleadtomeaningfulinsights?Thisfeedbackwillhelpmeadjusttheteachingmethodsforfuturelessons.六、拓展與延伸1.**提供與本節(jié)課內(nèi)容相關(guān)的拓展閱讀材料**

-**《自然災(zāi)害的預(yù)防與應(yīng)對》**：這是一本詳細介紹各種自然災(zāi)害的預(yù)防措施和應(yīng)對策略的書籍。書中不僅涵蓋了地震、洪水、臺風(fēng)等常見災(zāi)害，還涉及了極端天氣現(xiàn)象和生物災(zāi)害。學(xué)生可以通過閱讀這本書，更全面地了解自然災(zāi)害的相關(guān)知識。

-**《全球氣候變化與自然災(zāi)害》**：這本書探討了全球氣候變化對自然災(zāi)害的影響，以及這些變化如何影響人類生活。學(xué)生可以從中了解到氣候變化與自然災(zāi)害之間的復(fù)雜關(guān)系，以及如何通過減少溫室氣體排放來降低災(zāi)害風(fēng)險。

-**《自然災(zāi)害案例研究》**：通過收集和分析歷史上的自然災(zāi)害案例，這本書為學(xué)生提供了實際案例研究的機會。學(xué)生可以學(xué)習(xí)如何從歷史中吸取教訓(xùn)，以及如何評估和預(yù)測自然災(zāi)害。

2.**鼓勵學(xué)生進行課后自主學(xué)習(xí)和探究**

-**項目式學(xué)習(xí)**：學(xué)生可以選擇一個特定的自然災(zāi)害，如洪水或地震，進行深入研究。他們可以調(diào)查該災(zāi)害的歷史、影響、預(yù)防措施和應(yīng)對策略。最終，學(xué)生可以制作一個展示板或報告，分享他們的研究成果。

-**社區(qū)服務(wù)**：鼓勵學(xué)生參與社區(qū)的自然災(zāi)害預(yù)防活動。例如，他們可以協(xié)助組織社區(qū)緊急疏散演練，或者參與制作和分發(fā)緊急物資包。這樣的活動不僅能夠增強學(xué)生的實踐能力，還能提高他們對社區(qū)的責(zé)任感。

-**在線資源**：指導(dǎo)學(xué)生利用在線資源，如教育網(wǎng)站和視頻，來擴展他們的知識。這些資源可以提供互動式學(xué)習(xí)體驗，幫助學(xué)生更好地理解自然災(zāi)害的復(fù)雜性和預(yù)防的重要性。

-**科學(xué)實驗**：對于對科學(xué)感興趣的學(xué)生，可以設(shè)計一些簡單的實驗來模擬自然災(zāi)害。例如，使用沙子和水的混合物來模擬地震波的傳播，或者使用氣球和塑料袋來模擬臺風(fēng)的風(fēng)力。

-**國際比較**：鼓勵學(xué)生比較不同國家和地區(qū)的自然災(zāi)害情況。他們可以研究不同地區(qū)的災(zāi)害預(yù)防策略和文化差異，以及這些差異如何影響災(zāi)害響應(yīng)和恢復(fù)。七、典型例題講解1.**例題**：

-Ifanearthquakeoccurs,thefirstthingyoushoulddois___________.

-A.runoutofthebuilding

-B.hideunderadesk

-C.jumpoutofthewindow

-D.runintothestreet

-**答案**：B.hideunderadesk

2.**例題**：

-Duringaflood,it'simportantto___________.

-A.stayclosetothewater

-B.climbtohigherground

-C.drivethroughfloodedareas

-D.swiminthefloodwater

-**答案**：B.climbtohigherground

3.**例題**：

-Whatshouldyoudoifyouarecaughtinahurricane?

-A.Stayoutsideandwaitforhelp

-B.Seekshelterinasturdybuilding

-C.Driveyourcartosafety

-D.Gotothebeachtowatchthestorm

-**答案**：B.Seekshelterinasturdybuilding

4.**例題**：

-Volcanicashcanbeveryharmful.Howcanyouprotectyourself?

-A.Wearamaskandgooutside

-B.Stayindoorswiththewindowsclosed

-C.Drinkwaterfromthetap

-D.Useafantocirculatetheair

-**答案**：B.Stayindoorswiththewindowsclosed

5.**例題**：

-Ifyouareinanareapronetolandslides,whatshouldyoudo?

-A.Buildashedneartheriver

-B.Planttreesonsteephillsides

-C.Stayawayfromtheedgeofcliffs

-D.Drivethroughthelandslidearea

-**答案**：C.Stayawayfromtheedgeofcliffs

**補充說明**：

-對于地震的應(yīng)對措施，首先要迅速判斷自己的位置，如果身處室內(nèi)，應(yīng)立即躲到桌子下或堅固的家具旁邊，以保護頭部和頸部。

-在洪水來臨時，應(yīng)避免進入水中，因為水可能受到污染，且水流速度極快，難以預(yù)料。

-面對颶風(fēng)，應(yīng)尋找并進入一個堅固的建筑物內(nèi)，遠離窗戶和外墻，避免被強風(fēng)或碎片擊中。

-火山灰含有有害物質(zhì)，吸入可能對健康造成嚴(yán)重影響，因此應(yīng)盡量待在室內(nèi)，關(guān)閉窗戶，減少火山灰的吸入。

-在易發(fā)生滑坡的地區(qū)，應(yīng)避免靠近懸崖邊緣，因為土壤松動可能導(dǎo)致滑坡，遠離危險區(qū)域是保證安全的關(guān)鍵。八、教學(xué)反思與改進Hey,folks!So,we'vejustwrappedupourlessononnaturaldisasters,andIthoughtitwasimportanttotakeamomenttoreflectonwhatwentwellandwhatcouldbeimproved.Teachingisalwaysalearningexperience,andI'mcommittedtomakingeachlessonaseffectiveaspossible.

LetmesharesomethoughtsonhowthingswentandwhatI'venoticed.

1.**EngagementandParticipation**

-Iwaspleasedtoseethatmoststudentswereengagedandparticipatingactivelyinthediscussionsandactivities.Therole-playexercise,inparticular,seemedtocapturetheirinterest,andtheywerereallyintoit.However,Inoticedafewstudentswhoseemedabitquieterthanusual.Ithinkit'simportanttofindwaystoinvolveeveryonemoreequallyinfuturelessons.

2.**UnderstandingofConcepts**

-Thestudentsseemedtograspthebasicconceptsofdifferentnaturaldisastersandtheirimpacts.Theywereabletocorrectlyidentifythetypesofdisastersandtheircauses.However,Ialsonoticedthatsomestudentshaddifficultyexplainingthelong-termeffectsofthesedisastersonhumansettlementsandtheenvironment.Ineedtoworkonprovidingmoreexamplesandperhapsusingvisualaidstohelpillustratethesepointsmoreclearly.

3.**LanguagePractice**

-Wehadagoodmixofspeakingandlisteningactivities,whichhelpedthestudentspracticetheirEnglish.However,Ifeelthatwecouldhaveincorporatedmorewritingexercises,suchasjournalingabouttheirexperiencesinanaturaldisasterorwritingalettertotheirfamiliesabouthowtostaysafe.Thiswouldnotonlyreinforcethelanguageskillsbutalsohelpthemapplywhatthey'velearnedinapracticalway.

4.**AssessmentandFeedback**

-Iusedavarietyofassessmentmethods,includingquizzes,groupdiscussions,andindividualpresentations.Whilethesemethodsgavemeagoodideaofthestudents'understanding,IthinkIcouldprovidemoreimmediateandspecificfeedback.Iwanttoensurethateachstudentknowsexactlywheretheystandandwhattheyneedtoworkon.

Now,let'stalkaboutsomeimprovements:

-**DiverseLearningActivities**:Toaddressthequieterstudents,Iplantoincorporatemorevariedactivities,suchassmallgroupworkandindividualreflectiontasks,whichmightgivethemmoreconfidencetosharetheirthoughts.

-**EnhancedVisualAids**:I'llusemorevisualaids,likeinfographicsanddiagrams,tohelpstudentsvisualizethelong-termeffectsofnaturaldisastersandtheircauses.

-**WritingAssignments**:I'llincludemorewritingassignmentsinthefuture,asthiswillhelpstudentstonotonlyunderstandthecontentbutalsotoexpresstheirthoughtsandideasinEnglish.

-**ImmediateFeedback**:I'llaimtoprovidemoreimmediateandspecificfeedbackduringandafteractivities.Thiswillhelpstudentstounderstandtheirprogressandareasforimprovement.

-**ReviewSessions**:I'llscheduleregularreviewsessionstoreinforcethekeyconceptsandensurethatstudentsarekeepingupwiththematerial.

Inconclusion,I'mproudoftheeffortandparticipationofthestudents,andI'mexcitedabouttheopportunitiesforgrowthandimprovementinfuturelessons.Teachingisacontinuousjourney,andI'mlookingforwardtoseeinghowwecanalllearnandgrowtogether.內(nèi)容邏輯關(guān)系①知識點

-自然災(zāi)害的類型：地震、洪水、臺風(fēng)、火山爆發(fā)、干旱、山體滑坡、海嘯

-自然災(zāi)害的成因：地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、氣象條件、氣候變化、人類活動

-自然災(zāi)害的影響：人員傷亡、財產(chǎn)損失、環(huán)境破壞、社會秩序混亂

②詞匯

-Disaster災(zāi)難

-Earthquake地震

-Flood洪水

-Hurricane颶風(fēng)

-Volcano火山

-Drought干旱

-Landslide山體滑坡

-Tsunami海嘯

-Tectonicplate構(gòu)造板塊

-Meteorological氣象的

-Climatechange氣候變化

-Property損失的財產(chǎn)

-Casualty傷亡

-Environment環(huán)境

-Order秩序

③句子

-Naturaldisasterscancausehugedamagetohumansettlementsandtheenvironment.

-Earthquakesareusuallycausedbytectonicplatemovements.

-It'simportanttohaveanemergencyplanincaseofanaturaldisaster.

-Thegovernmentshouldinvestinbuildingresilientinfrastructuretowithstandnaturaldisasters.

-Preparednessandawarenessarekeytominimizingtheimpactofnaturaldisasters.課堂Intheclassroom,effectiveevaluationiskeytounderstandingstudentlearningandensuringthattheyaremeetingthelearningobjectives.Here'showIplantoevaluatemystudents'understandingandprogressthroughoutthelessononnaturaldisasters.

1.**提問與回答**

-Iwillbeginbyaskingopen-endedquestionstogaugestudents'priorknowledgeandunderstandingofthetopic.Forexample,"Whatdoyouknowaboutnaturaldisasters?"Thiswillhelpmeassesstheirbaselineknowledge.

-Throughoutthelesson,Iwillaskspecificquestionstocheckforunderstanding.Forinstance,"Whataretheprimarycausesofearthquakes?"and"Howcanweprepareforaflood?"Thesequestionswillrequirestudentstothinkcriticallyandapplytheknowledgethey'vegained.

-Iwillobservehowstudentsrespondtothesequestions,notingwhethertheyprovideaccurateinformation,demonstrateunderstandingoftheconcepts,orstruggletoarticulatetheirthoughts.Thiswillgivemeinsightintotheircomprehensionlevels.

2.**課堂參與度**

-Iwillmonitorstudentparticipationingroupdiscussionsandactivities.Activeengagement,suchascontributingideas,askingquestions,andparticipatinginrole-plays,willbenotedaspositiveindicatorsofunderstanding.

-Iwillalsoobservewhetherstudentsareabletofollowinstructionsandcompletetaskscorrectly,whichisimportantforunderstandingthepracticalaspectsofdisasterpreparedness.

3.**小測驗與即時反饋**

-Toassessimmediateunderstanding,Iwillconductshortquizzesorfill-in-the-blanksactivitiesduringthelesson.Thesewillbebriefandfocusedonkeyconcepts.

-Iwillprovideimmediatefeedbackonthesequizzes,pointingoutbothcorrectandincorrectanswers,andexplainingwhycertainresponsesarecorrectorincorrect.Thiswillhelpstudentscorrecttheirmisunderstandingsonthespot.

4.**角色扮演與情景模擬**

-Aftertherole-playactivity,Iwillaskstudentstoreflectontheirexperiences.Theywillsharewhattheylearnedandhowtheywouldhandleareal-lifesituation.Thisreflectionwillhelp