孔子簡(jiǎn)介（中英文）.ppt

1、2020/6/18,孔子簡(jiǎn)介,1,孔子簡(jiǎn)介IntroductiontoConfucius,2020/6/18,孔子簡(jiǎn)介,2,尼山全景panoramicviewofNishan,孔子（前前）春秋末期思想家、政治家、教育家，儒學(xué)學(xué)派的創(chuàng)始人。名丘，字仲尼。魯國(guó)陬邑（今山東曲阜東南）人。先世系宋國(guó)貴族。五世祖木金父避難奔魯，后定避魯國(guó)陬邑。父叔梁紇為魯國(guó)武士，以勇力聞?dòng)谥T侯。Confucius(551-479BC),anideologist,politicianandeducatorinthelateSpringandAutumnPeriod,founderofConfucianism.Hisrea

2、lnameisKongQiu,andhewasborninStateLu,todaysShandongProvince.,ConfuciusisconsideredthegreatestoftheancientChinesesages.,2020/6/18,孔子簡(jiǎn)介,3,俎豆禮容learntheetiquette,六歲公元前546年(周靈王二十六年魯襄公二十七年)孔子在母親顏征在的教育下，自幼好禮，為兒嬉戲，常陳俎豆，設(shè)禮容，演習(xí)禮儀。,Confuciuslosthisfatherattheageof3.EducatedbyhismotherYanZhengzai,Confuciuswasgo

3、od-manneredwhenhewasonlyasmallchild.Helearnedtheetiquettealthoughhelivedinpoverty.,2020/6/18,孔子簡(jiǎn)介,4,孔子父母合葬墓ajointtombforConfuciusparents,十七歲公元前535年(周景王十年魯昭公七年)孔母顏征在卒，與孔父合葬。Confuciusmotherdiedwhenhewas17,andwasburiedtogetherwithhisfather.,2020/6/18,孔子簡(jiǎn)介,5,學(xué)琴師襄learnfromShixiang,二十九歲公元前523年(周景王二十二年魯昭公十

4、九年)孔子學(xué)琴于師襄子。他長(zhǎng)時(shí)間練習(xí)一支曲子，直到理解了樂(lè)曲的內(nèi)涵，進(jìn)而領(lǐng)悟到作者是周文王，師襄很佩服，告訴他樂(lè)曲名叫文王操。,ConfuciuslearnedmusicfromShixiang.Heplayedthesametuneagainandagainuntilhefeltthatheunderstooditthoroughly.HethusrealizedthattheauthorofthetunewasEmperorWenofZhouDynasty.Shixiangadmiredhimgreatelyandtoldhimthatthenameofthetunewas“WenWang

5、Cao”.,2020/6/18,孔子簡(jiǎn)介,6,杏壇講學(xué)圖Confuciusasateacher,三十歲公元前522年(周景王二十三年魯昭公二十年)開(kāi)始創(chuàng)辦平民教育，收徒講學(xué)，他講授的內(nèi)容包括禮、樂(lè)，射，御，書(shū)，數(shù)。據(jù)傳孔子有三千弟子，其中有七十二賢人。,HeestablishedthefirstprivateschoolinChinaandacceptedthestudentsfromeverywhere.Knowledgehetaughtincluded:Manners,Music,Literature,Riding,ArcheryandMathematics.Itissaidthatheh

6、as3,000students.Amongthem,72becamefamousscholars.,2020/6/18,孔子簡(jiǎn)介,7,孔子登臨處（今山東泰山）MountTai,whereConfuciuseverclimbed,泰山問(wèn)政ChiKangTzuaskedConfuciusaboutgovernment.Confuciusanswered,Togovern(cheng)istocorrect(cheng).Ifyousetanexamplebybeingcorrect,whowoulddaretoremainincorrect?,2020/6/18,孔子簡(jiǎn)介,8,孔子聞韶處（今山東臨淄）Linzi,whereConfuciusheardtheamazingmusic“Shao”,三十六歲公元前516年(周敬王四年魯昭公二十六年)孔子在齊與齊太師語(yǔ)樂(lè)，聽(tīng)到韶樂(lè)（相傳是舜時(shí)的音樂(lè)），三月不知肉味，興奮地說(shuō)：不圖為樂(lè)之至于斯也！,WhenConfuciuswas36,hehappenedtoheartheancientmusic“Shao”(musicofShunDynasty),itwassoamazingth