成都理工大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精品閱讀(三)含答案--萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社

1、萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 1 更多成都理工大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)資料和試卷請(qǐng)登入精英社的博客自行下載： 歡迎關(guān)注我們的官方微博：萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 成都理工大學(xué)成都理工大學(xué)英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)精品精品閱讀閱讀（三三）含含答案答案 Passage 1 Television has opened windows in everybodys life. Young men will never again go to war as they did in 1914. Millions of people now have seen the effects of a battle

2、. And the result has been a general dislike of war, and perhaps more interest in helping those who suffer from all the terrible things that have been shown on the screen. Television has also changed politics. The most distant areas can now follow state affairs, see and hear the politicians before an

3、 election. Better informed, people are more likely to vote, and so to make their opinion count. Unfortunately, televisions influence has been extremely harmful to the young. Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world; that TV advertisements lie to sell pr

4、oducts that are sometimes bad or useless. They believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable. All educators agree that the “television generations” are more violent than their parents and grandparents. Also, the young are less patient. Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and in

5、teresting, they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures; to read a book that requires thinking; to listen to a teacher who doesnt do funny things like the people on childrens programs. And they expect all problems to be solved happily in ten, fifteen, or thirty minutes. Thats th

6、e time it takes on the screen. 1. In the past, many young people _. A. knew the effects of war B. went in for politics C. liked to save the wounded in wars D. were willing to be soldiers 2. Now with TV people can _. A. discuss politics at an information center B. show more interest in politics C. ma

7、ke their own decisions on political affairs 萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 2 D. express their opinions freely 3. The author thinks that TV advertisements _. A. are not reliable on the whole B. are useless to people C. are a good guide to adults D. are very harmful to the young 4. Which is NOT true a

8、ccording to the passage? A. People have become used to crimes now. B. With a TV set some problems can be solved quickly. C. People now like to read books with pictures. D. The adults are less violent than the young. 5. From the passage, we can conclude that _. A. children should keep away from TV B.

9、TV programs should be improved C. childrens books should have pictures D. TV has a deep influence on the young Passage 2 Nonverbal (非語(yǔ)言的) communication has to do with gestures, movements and closeness of two people when they are talking. The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on ha

10、ve meaning which words do not carry. For example, the body distance between two speakers can be important. North Americans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend to stand close to the North American when speaking, while the South American often considers the North Ameri

11、can to be “cold” or “distant” because he keeps a greater distance between himself and the person he is speaking to . The “eye contact” provides another example of what we are calling nonverbal communication. Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each other t

12、han there is between people who dont like each other. The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking about. On the other hand, too long a gaze can make people uncomfortable. The eyes apparently play

13、 a great part in nonverbal communication. Genuine warmth or interest, 萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 3 shyness or confidence can often be seen in the eyes. We do not always consider a smile to be a sign of friendliness. Someone who is always smiling, and with little apparent reasons, often makes us

14、uneasy. 6. According to the passage, nonverbal communication _. A. is a method often used by people who cannot speak B. can tell something that words cannot C. can be used to talk with people who cannot bear D. is less used than words 7. The South American _. A. tends to keep a distance between hims

15、elf and the person he is speaking to B. usually stands close to the person he is talking to C. is often unfriendly when spoken to D. is often cold and distant when speaking 8. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Less eye contact suggests distance in relation. B. The longer one looks at you, the m

16、ore interest he has in you. C. There is more eye contact between people who like each other. D. Shorter eye contact shows more interest in what one is talking about. 9. Too long a gaze _. A. may upset people being looked at B. shows ones great confidence C. indicates ones interest in the talk D. tel

17、ls you how friendly one is 10. Constant smiling without apparent reason _. A. is a sign of ones friendliness B. is a sign of ones unfriendliness C. makes people feel happy D. makes people feel uncomfortable Passage 3 In the United States elementary education begins at the age of six. At this stage n

18、early all the teachers are women, mostly married. The atmosphere is usually very friendly , and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to 萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 4 make the children happy and interested. The old authoritarian (要絕對(duì)服從的) methods of education were dis

19、credited (不被認(rèn)可) rather a long time ago-so much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction. The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human b

20、eings in a society need to work together for their common good. So the emphasis is on co-operation rather than competition throughout most of this process. This may seem curious, in view of the fact that American society is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sen

21、se has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one anothe

22、r both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness. 11. According to the passage, the U.S. elementary education is supposed to make children _. A. sensible and sensitive B. competitive and interested C. curious and friendly D. happy and co-operative 12. Some Americans complain about eleme

23、ntary schools because they think _. A. children are reluctant to help each other B. schools lay too much emphasis on co-operation C. children should grow up with competitive ideas D. schools give little actual instruction to children 13. The authors attitude towards American education can be best de

24、scribed as _. A. favorable B. negative C. tolerant D. unfriendly 14. The American educational system emphasizes _. 萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 5 A. material wealth B. competition C. co-operation D. personal benefit 15. The word “sociable” (Line 7, Paragraph2) most probably means _. A. fond of tal

25、king freely B. friendly with other people C. concerned about social welfare D. happy at school Passage 4 In the United States, 30 percent of the adult population has a “weight problem”. To many people, the cause is obvious: they eat too much. But scientific evidence does little to support this idea.

26、 Going back to the America of the 1910s, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less and didnt watch television. Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people do not eat mor

27、e on the average than thinner people. In fact, some investigations, such as the 1979 study of 3,545 London office workers, report that, on balance, fat people eat less than slimmer people. Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford Universi

28、ty School of Medicine found the following interesting facts: The more the men ran, the more body fat they lost. The more they ran, the greater amount of food they ate. Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat. 16. The physical problem that many adult Americ

29、ans have is that _. A. they are too slim B. they work too hard C. they are too fat D. they lose too much body fat 17 According to the article, given 500 adult Americans, _ people will have a “weight problem.” A. 30 B. 50 C. 100 D. 150 18. Is there any scientific evidence to support that eating too m

30、uch is the cause 萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 6 of a “ weight problem?” A. Yes, there is plenty of evidence. B. Of course, there is some evidence to show this is true. C. There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this. D. We dont know because the information is not given. 19. In compariso

31、n with the adult American population today, the Americans of the 1910s_. A. ate more food and had more physical activities B. ate less food but had more activities C. ate less food and had less physical exercise D. had more weight problems 20. Modern scientific researches have reported to us that _.

32、 A. fat people eat less food and are less active B. fat people eat more food than slim people and are more active C. fat people eat more food than slim people but are less active D. thin people run less, but have greater increase in food intake Passage 5 By adopting a few simple techniques, parents

33、who read to their children can greatly increase their childrens language development. It is surprising but true. How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the childrens language development. If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is reading, the ch

34、ilds language skills increase. A study was done with 30 three-year-old children and their parents. Half of the children participated in the experimental study; the other half acted as the control group. In the experimental group, the parents were given a two-hour training session in which they were

35、taught to ask open-ended questions rather than yes-or-no questions. For example, the parent should ask, “What is the doggie doing?” rather than “Is the doggie running away?” The parents in the experimental group were also instructed in how to help children find answers, how to suggest alternative po

36、ssibilities and how to praise correct answers. At the beginning of the study, the children did not differ in measures of language development, but at the end of one month, the children in the experimental group showed 5. 5 months ahead of the control group on a test of verbal expression and vocabula

37、ry. Nine months later, the children in the experimental group still showed an 萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 7 advance of 6 months over the children in the control group. 21. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Children who talk a lot are more intelligent. B. Parents who list

38、en to their children can teach them more. C. Active children should read more and be given more attention. D. Verbal ability can easily be developed with proper methods. 22. What does “it” in line 2 can most probably be replaced by? A. Parents increasing childrens language development B. Reading tec

39、hniques being simple C. Parents reading to children D. Childrens intelligence development 23. According to the author, which of the following questions is the best type to ask children about? A. Do you see the elephant? B. Is the elephant in the cage? C. What animals do you like? D. Shall we go to t

40、he zoo? 24. The difference between the control group and the experimental group was _. A. the training that parents received B. the age of the children C. the books that were read D. the number of the children 25. The best conclusion we can draw from the passage is that _. A. parents should be train

41、ed to read to their children B. the more children read, the more intelligent they will become C. childrens language skills increase when they are required to respond actively D. children who read actively seem six months older Passage 6 The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved t

42、wo things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. “In Europe”, said Thomas Jefferson, “the object is to make the most of their land, labor being 萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 8 su

43、fficient; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant.” It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in nineteenth century agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude (粗 糙的) plow, farmers could have carried practically al

44、l of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent

45、 his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, However, would home none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869,James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chil

46、led steel plow. 26. The word “here”(Para,1,Line 5) refers to _. A. Europe B. America C. New Jersey D. Indiana 27. Which of the following statement is NOT true? A. The need for labor helped the invention of machinery in America B. The farmer rejected Charles Newbolts plow for fear of ruin of their fi

47、elds. C. Both Europe and America had great need for farm machinery . D. It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was produced. 28. The passage is mainly about _. A. the agriculture revolution B. the invention of labor saving machinery C. the development of scientific agriculture D. the fa

48、rming machinery in America 29. At the opening of the nineteenth century, farmers in America_. A. preferred light tools B. were extremely self-reliant(自給的) C. had many tools D. had very few tools 30. It is implied but not stated in the passage that_. A. there was a shortage of workers on American far

49、ms B. the most important of the early invention was the iron plow C. after 1869, many people devoted their attention to the plow 萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 9 D. Charles Newbolt had made a fortune by his cast-iron plow Passage 7 Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins t

50、o think about an overcoat, when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view. The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears. The first and most basic level of

51、 needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War II, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses. By 1

52、957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s,a fourth level of needs appeared: the “l(fā)ife-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for

53、 recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “l(fā)uxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing. On the fourth le

54、vel, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level? A fifth level would probably in

55、volve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the heal

56、th, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels. 萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社萬(wàn)學(xué)職業(yè)精英社成都理工大學(xué)分社 10 31. According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when. A. he has saved up enough money B. he has grown dissatisfied with his simp

57、le shelter C. he has satisfied his hunger D. he has learned to build houses 32. It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War II, most Americans. A. were very rich B. lived in poverty C. had the good things on the first three levels D. did not own automobiles 33. Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction”? A. A successful career B. A comfortable home C. A good meal D.A family car 34. What is the main concern of man on the fourth level? A. The more goods the better. B.