高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試A級-詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu).ppt

1、選擇題 ?？颊Z法: 1.時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 2.狀語從句 3.非謂語動詞 4.虛擬語氣 5.定語從句 6.強(qiáng)調(diào)句 7.倒裝句 8. 其他,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),一. 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(10次) 1. According to the timetable, the train for Beijing at 9:10 pm from Monday to Friday.(2010.6) A. was leaving B. is leaving C. leaves D. has leave 2. The team is going out to hold a party tomorrow after it the proje

2、ct. (2010.12) A. completes B. completed C. will complete D. will have completed,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),表現(xiàn)階段習(xí)慣性的動作和存在的狀態(tài),在時(shí)間、條件和讓步狀語從句表將來的動作。,一. 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 3. By the end of next year, I for the company for 10 years. （2010.12） A. work B. am working C. had worked D. will have worked,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),將來某一時(shí)刻或某行為之前所完成的動作，常與“by the time+句

3、子”，“by the end of +現(xiàn)在或未來的時(shí)間狀語”。（3次）,一. 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 4. Last week two engineers to help solve the technical problems of the project.(2012.6) A. have sent B. were sent C. sent D. had sent 5. The program to help students prepare for their first year at our college.(2013.12) A. is designed B. designed C. desig

4、ns D. has designed,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),二、狀語從句(16次) 1. The new drug will not be put on the market it has proved safe on humans.(時(shí)間狀語 2010.6,該語法點(diǎn)考了2次) A. if B. until C. since D. when 2. Dont risk any of your money in the business you are not afraid of losing it .(條件狀語2010.12, 該語法點(diǎn)考了2次) A. after B. before C. unless

5、D. when,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),Not until ,直到才，主句的謂語通常為瞬間動詞。,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有if, unless, so/ as long as (只要), so far as(只要), on condition that(如果), in case, suppose, supposing.,二、狀語從句 (16次) 3. people invest money in this company they believe it will make profit.(原因狀語 2011.12 ) A. though B. because C. unless D. until 4. T

6、here was no proof to show that Charles had committed the crime, he was set free.(結(jié)果狀語2012.12 ) A. but B. for C. or D. so,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),還有由 now that，seeing that, in that, for the reason that 引出。,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有so that, so,that, sothat, suchthat, with the result that().,二、狀語從句 (16次) 5. you choose to contact us,

7、you can expect our efficient and helpful service.(讓步狀語 2011.12 ) A. No sooner than B. Ever since C. No matter how D. Even though,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),讓步狀語從句通常由although, though, however, whatever, whoever, no matter (how, what, etc),even if, even though。,三. 非謂語動詞(12次) 1. great losses in the financial crisis, the co

8、mpany closed down last year.(2012.6) A. Being suffered B. To suffer C. Having suffered D. suffered 2. The company is offering a five percent discount to customers as a way its online sales. (2012.6) A. promoting B. promoted C. to promote D. promotes,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),邏輯主語company和從句動詞suffer是主動關(guān)系， 遭受損失發(fā)生在倒閉之前。,as

9、 a way to do sth. 作為某事的一種方式，不定式為定語。,三. 非謂語動詞(12次) 3. The proposal at the meeting now is of great importance to our department.(2010.6) A. being discussed B. to be discussed C. having discussed D. discussing,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),四. 虛擬語氣( 4次) 1. Tom might not have made such a serious mistake if he your advice.(2010.

10、6) A. followed B. follows C. had followed D. has followed,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),例： 、If I had come here yesterday, I would have seen him. 、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldnt go out.,非真實(shí)條件句對三種時(shí)間的虛擬,四. 虛擬語氣(4次) 2. Every Monday morning when I am in my smal

11、l office, I wish I in a multinational company .(2011.6) A. were working B. have worked C. am to work D. work,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),四. 虛擬語氣(4次),詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),Wish引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣虛擬語氣用在wish后的賓語從句中， （常常省去連詞 that） ， 表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。 1 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望 構(gòu)成： 主語 +wish(that) + 從句主 語 (動詞過去式,be 一律用 were） 例如： IwishI knew everything in the world. 2.表示與過

12、去事實(shí)相反的愿望 構(gòu)成：主語 +wish(that) + 從句 主語 + (had + 過去分詞 ) 例如： Iwishthat you had called yesterday. 3 表示將來不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 構(gòu)成：主語 +wish(that) + 從句主語 + (would/ should/ could/ might + 原形動詞) 例如： Iwishthat he would try again.,五、定語從句(7次) 1. In fact, there are different reasons people are working long hours.( 2012.6 該語法點(diǎn)考

13、了3次) A. where B. which C. why D. how 2. We take great pride in our campus, is one of the most beautiful university settings in the country .(2013.12) A. where B. which C. what D. when,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),how不用于定從，where表地點(diǎn)，which表物，why表原因,六、強(qiáng)調(diào)句(4次) 1. It was not until yesterday the business negotiation finally came

14、 to a successful end.( 2013.12) A. when B. that C. since D. after 2.It was because of his good performance at the interview he got the job with the big company.(2010.6) A. so B. what C. that D. how,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),七、倒裝 (6次) 1. Only when we hurried to the airport the business negotiation finally come to a succ

15、essful end.( 2010.6) A. we found B. did we find C. have we found D. we have found 2. No sooner his job in a small company than he received an offer from a big international firm.(2013.12) A. he quit B. he had quit C. had he quit D. does he quit,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),七、倒裝 (6次) 1. 省略if 的虛擬條件從句的倒裝是將were, had 和should 移

16、至主語前。 e.g. should he come tomorrow, he would help us with our work. 2.so, neither/nor 開頭。 結(jié)構(gòu)為 So+be(have, 助動詞、情態(tài)動詞)+主語；neither/nor+be(have, 助動詞、情態(tài)動詞)+主語。 3. 句首為否定意義的詞。如never, not only, not until, hardly/scarecelywhen, seldom, no sooner than, in no way 等。 4. 句首為 “only+副詞”、 “only+介詞詞組”、“only+狀語分句”時(shí)。,詞

17、匯與結(jié)構(gòu),填空題 Steps: 1. 根據(jù)句子理解句子意思。 2. 根據(jù)填空題前后的詞性確定所填單詞的詞性、數(shù)目、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)。,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),近幾年常考題型: 1. 單詞的名詞形式（出現(xiàn)13次）。 e.g. Employers in a small (organize) are especially interested in individuals with good communication skills. 需要考慮填名詞形式的情況。 缺少的部分是句子（從句）的主語、賓語。 1、前面有形容詞修飾。 2. 前面有定冠詞 “the”、不定冠詞“a、an、many、any”、不定代詞

18、“your, his, her, their. etc”且空的后面不為名詞時(shí). 3. 前面同時(shí)有“1”和“2”的情況。 例外：the +形容詞=名詞。,organization,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),4. “of”的后面，且其后沒有名詞 。 e.g. The paint on the fence came off as the result of (expose) to the rain. 5. “With”的后面，前面可以有形容詞。 注意：注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Exercise: Model Test 7.,exposure,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),2 . 單詞的形容詞形式（出現(xiàn)15次）。 e.g. Of all

19、 the marketing plans proposed at the meeting, this one is believed to be the (practical). 需要考慮填形容詞形式的情況。 缺少的部分是定語或表語時(shí)。 1、在系動詞和感官動詞如“feel, taste、smell、look、sound”后面做表語。 2、后面有名詞。 3. 前面有定冠詞 “the”、不定冠詞“a、an、many”、指示代詞“your, his, her, their. etc”且空的后面為名詞時(shí).,most practical,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),4. “of”的后面，且其后有名詞 。 5. “Wit

20、h”的后面，其后有名詞。 注意：注意形容詞有原形、比較級、最高級形式。 有些動詞的-ed,和-ing形式可以做形容詞。 Exercise (2013.12): 1. we make every effort to ensure that our transaction process is safe and that your (person) information is secure. 2. It is not (surprise) that this new style of handbag is mainly purchased by young women. 3. Sales in

21、the first half of the year were (slow) than expected, but they are expecting stronger sales in the second half.,personal,surprising,slower,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),3 . 單詞的動詞形式（出現(xiàn) 39次）。 e.g. At the end of yesterdays interview, she (offer) the position advertised in the newspaper. 場合： 1、謂語動詞形式。 2、非謂語形式， 動詞的-ed, -ing, to

22、 +動詞。 3、固定搭配,was offered,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),1）.謂語動詞(主句或從句中的謂語 21次) 動詞有時(shí)態(tài)，過去，現(xiàn)在，將來時(shí) 動詞有語態(tài)， 主動、被動 動詞有數(shù)的變化。（復(fù)數(shù)、第三人稱單數(shù)） e.g. The total output of this factory (double) since it was put into operation in 2006. Most of the high school students who (interviewed) yesterday believed that they should continue with their ed

23、ucation。 It is reported that the construction of the new subway (complete) next month.,has doubled,were interviewed,will be completed,詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu),2）.非謂語動詞 （9次） to do, doing, done; e.g. According to the survey (conduct) recently, 52%of American business people booked their business travel online last year. Please read through the information below before (fill) in your application. I got to the station, on