非謂語動詞作狀語.ppt

1、非謂語動詞作狀語用法總結(jié),一、不定式、分詞作狀語的基本原則 不定式、分詞作狀語時(shí)，不定式和分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致,二、不定式作狀語,1、目的狀語：常用于so as to/(in order) to（so as to 不能用于句首）等句型中。 Her mother plans to fly to Beijing (in order/so as) to visit her. (In order) to make friends easily, you need to be very kind. In order not to be late, he got up early.,2.

2、 結(jié)果狀語：常用于soas to; suchas to ; enoughto; tooto; only to do（常表示意外或者事與愿違的結(jié)果）等 Im not so stupid as to write it down. Im too tired to stay up longer. Jane hurried to the train station, only to find the train left.,George returned after the war, only_ that his wife had left him. A. to be told B. telling C

3、. being told D. told,A,3、原因狀語：adj 或者過去分詞做表語時(shí)，后面可接不定式作原因狀語，用以說明產(chǎn)生這種情緒的原因或者所表示的情況等，用于這類結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞或者過去分詞常見的有：happy; lucky; glad; sorry; proud; disappointed; surprised等 Im glad to see you. Im sorry to have had you waiting for such a long time.,4. 在“ 主語+系動詞+表語（形容詞）+ to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中，adj表示主語的特征或性質(zhì)，句子的主語與動詞不定式在邏輯上有動賓

4、關(guān)系，需用法不定式的主動表被動。常用的adj有：easy, hard, difficult, important, impossible, interesting, pleasant, nice, comfortable, safe, dangerous等 This question is easy to answer. This book is difficult to understand. The chair is comfortable to sit on.,二、分詞作狀語,1、注意，分詞作狀語要看作狀語的動詞與主句的主語的關(guān)系,2、分詞或者分詞短語作狀語時(shí)，可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、

5、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀況等，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，還可與while, when, once, if, unless等連詞連用。,e.g Going straight down the road, you will find the department store,=If you go straight down the road, you will find the department store,=Go straight down the road, and you will find the department store,Working hard, you will succeed.,G

6、enerally speaking, if _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.,taken,Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. =When they heard the bad news, they couldnt help crying. 當(dāng)聽到這個(gè)不幸的消息時(shí)，他們情不自禁地哭了起來。 Having received his letter, I decided to write back. =After I had received his let

7、ter, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我決定給他回信。,When offered help, one often says “Thank you.” or “ Its kind of you” Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.,Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.,Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go last week.,They came into

8、the classroom, singing and laughing.,Not having received his reply, she decided to write a second a letter.,The teacher came into the lab, followed by some students.,It has rained for several days, causing heavy traffic jam every day.,過去分詞或分詞短語作狀語相當(dāng)于狀語從句， 表示時(shí)間、原因、條件:,1.When he was questioned, he kep

9、t silent. When_, he kept silent. 2.Because she was shocked by the article, she wrote a letter to the newspaper. _ by the article, she wrote a letter to 3.Because he was lost in thought, he ran into the car in front of him. _in thought, he ran into 4. If he is given more time, hell make a first-class

10、 tennis player. _(give) more time, hell make a first-class,questioned,Shocked,Lost,Given,_ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated _ at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their ey

11、es. A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked,B,A,3. 要注意的問題,問題一 祈使句+and/or+陳述句 和 To do, +陳述句 的區(qū)別,_ the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite. A. To tie B. Tying C. Tied D. Tie,D,1) _ but he still could not understand it. A. Told many times B. Havi

12、ng been told many times C. He has been told many times D. Though he had been told many times 2) _ so he had no difficulty ( in ) understanding English. A. Because he had been in London for 3 years B. Having been in London for 3 years C. He having been in London for 3 years D. He had been in London f

13、or 3 years,問題二 句子還是分詞：如果句中有連詞（and/ but / or .），要用句子.,C,D,1) Finding her car stolen, _. (01 上海). A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searching thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help,2) While watching television, _. Athe doorbell rang Bthe doorbe

14、ll rings Cwe heard the doorbell ring Dwe heard the doorbell rings,問題三要特別注意非謂語的邏輯主語,D,C,3. In order to make our city green, _. A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees 4. Written in a hurry, _ A. Peter made

15、 many mistakes in the paper. B. there are many mistakes in the paper. C. we found some mistakes in the paper. D. the paper is full of mistakes,D,D,3、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：非謂語動詞作狀語時(shí)，它的邏輯主語應(yīng)和句子的主語保持一致，但有時(shí)非謂語動詞帶有自己的邏輯主語，在句子中作狀語，我們稱之為獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。 The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. He came out of the library, (with) a large book under his arm.,When night came on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel. _, we put ourselves up in a small hotel. When all th