21主題句展開(kāi)模式.ppt

1、主題句展開(kāi)的模式,主題：自信的重要性 ( 觀點(diǎn)論證) 提出觀點(diǎn) Self-confidence plays an important role in anything we do. Just as Edison said, self-confidence is the first secret of success. 論證It is clear that self-confidence means trust in ones abilities.,(正面論證) If you are full of self-confidence, it will bring you creative powe

2、r to play， arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties; as a result, your dreams will come true. (反面論證) On the contrary, if you have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything. Failure will be following you. It turns out that a

3、ll your plans fall through.,論證 No one can deny another fact that self-confidence gives you light when you are in the dark and encouragement when you are discouraged. For example, the secret of Madam Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular. 得出結(jié)論 From what has been dis

4、cussed above, we may draw the conclusion that you must have self-confidence if you want to achieve anything.,靈活運(yùn)用超級(jí)模仿,在根據(jù)要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)好段落主題句后, 就要圍繞主題句展開(kāi), 大體相當(dāng)于為論點(diǎn)提供論據(jù)。拓展主題句主要有以下幾種模式：,1.正反式 如談“誠(chéng)信與人生的關(guān)系”這個(gè)話題, 可以利用正反式的邏輯組織材料: 誠(chéng)信對(duì)人生的重要性; 沒(méi)有誠(chéng)信的人會(huì)怎樣。 Its obvious that an honest person will definitely win respect fro

5、m others, which is of great importance in our study and daily life, let alone in the business world. However, a dishonest person will lose his fame and trust from others sooner or later. No matter how intelligent he is, dishonesty will ruin his future.,2.遞進(jìn)式 如談?wù)摗皟和逝值牟涣加绊憽? 可以從身體上進(jìn)而從精神上談?wù)摲逝謱?duì)兒童造成的不良影

6、響。 As far as we know, obese children tend to eat a lot but they take little exercise, as a result of which they often fall ill easily. Besides, because of their appearance, they have less confidence in themselves, which leads to isolation and depression.,3.列舉式 如談?wù)搨€(gè)人對(duì)網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物的看法。一方面利用正反式談?wù)撈鋬?yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn), 另一方面利用列

7、舉式分別談其優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)。例如詳寫(xiě)其優(yōu)點(diǎn)： On one hand, online shopping has its advantages. Firstly, it is much cheaper. As far as Im concerned, online stores offer lower prices to the customers and some dont charge delivery fee if we buy more than one. Secondly, it is more convenient as customers neednt walk to store af

8、ter store for what they like. And its easier for them to compare products online.,4.相關(guān)式 指圍繞對(duì)事物起決定作用的相關(guān)因素來(lái)談?wù)搯?wèn)題。如就“如何減少交通事故”的主題談?wù)撊藗儜?yīng)該如何避免交通事故, 我們就可以圍繞造成交通事故的相關(guān)因素如司機(jī)和行人來(lái)談?wù)撊绾伪苊狻?What can we do to avoid traffic accidents? (1) As to drivers: keep their emotions under control; respect others (2) As to walk

9、ers/pedestrians and cyclists: strictly obey the traffic rules; value their own lives,5.細(xì)化主題句 就“壓力對(duì)學(xué)生的影響”發(fā)表自己的看法。(2007珠海調(diào)研) It is obvious that too much pressure is harmful to us students. As we know, pressure not only destroys our motivation for study but also ruins our health.,6.說(shuō)明結(jié)果或后果 你對(duì)國(guó)家“禁止商場(chǎng)免費(fèi)提

10、供塑料袋”的看法。(2008深圳一模) It is necessary for the government to forbid shops from offering free plastic bags. With this ban, shopping customers would gradually form a habit of bringing environmentally-friendly bags with them so that the consumption of plastic bags would be greatly reduced.,Thomas Jefferso

11、n High School Detention (留堂)Policy The school knows well that students need to grow and mature. Part of growth involves making positive academic and lifestyle decisions or choices. If students decisions are contrary to Thomas Jefferson Highs expectations and standards, students will be held responsi

12、ble.,Homework time after school may be one of the consequences. Reasons for After School Detention include but are not limited to the following: 1. Late homework or incomplete work (A detention will be given when a fourth incomplete or late homework occurs in any subject).,2. Behavior that disturbs

13、with school purposes or educational processes. Please refer to the teachers classroom rules, Rules of Behavior, and Code of Conduct, which are posted in each classroom. Under normal circumstances, a student will be given a warning (and possibly other in-school consequences) before being given a dete

14、ntion.,They will be warned that further behavior of the same type will result in a detention. However, if the behavior problem is severe enough, the student may be given a detention without a warning.,寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容； 2. 以約120個(gè)詞對(duì)留堂這一做法進(jìn)行議論,內(nèi)容包括: 你或你同學(xué)的留堂經(jīng)歷； 你對(duì)留堂制度的看法; (列舉式) 其它督促學(xué)生認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)的辦法。,寫(xiě)作

15、要求 1. 作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事, 也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。 2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。 評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 概括準(zhǔn)確, 語(yǔ)言規(guī)范, 內(nèi)容合適, 語(yǔ)篇連貫。,If students fail to follow Thomas Jefferson High Schools requirements, they would be given detentions as punishment. Reasons for detention include late or incomplete homework and other disturbing b

16、ehaviors. This reminds me of my friend Li Huas experience in primary school. One day, he was talking with another classmate in class although the teacher had warned him several times.,As a result, he had to stay for an extra hour after school. In my opinion, detention has its advantages in educating misbehaved students. For one thing, with the detention policy, we students will learn that we should be responsible for our behavior. For another thing, the policy can make us finish our homework on time, which is good