初高中英語語法總結(jié)

1、初高中英語語法總結(jié) 初高中英語語法總結(jié) Sometimes we use more than one adjective in front of a noun: 有時候我們用一個以上形容詞來修飾名詞： He was a nice in _igent young man. She had a small round black wooden box. Opinion adjectives: Some adjectives give a general opinion. We can use these adjectives to describe almost any noun: 有些形容詞給了

2、一個大體的描述。我們可以用這些形容詞來描述幾乎所有名詞： Some adjectives give a specific opinion. We only use these adjectives to describe particularkinds of noun: 有些形容詞給了一個特殊的含義。我們只用這些形容詞來描述特定的名詞： Food: tasty; delicious Furniture, buildings: fortable; unfortable People, animals: clever; in _igent; friendly We usually put a ge

3、neral opinion in front of a specific opinion: 我們經(jīng)常在特殊概念前用一個普遍的概念： Nice tasty soup. A nasty unfortable armchair A lovely in _igent animal Usually we put an adjective that gives an opinion in front of an adjective that is descriptive: 通常我們放一個描述性形容詞在某個被描述的形容詞前面 a nice red dress; a silly old man; those

4、horrible yellow curtains We often have two adjectives in front of a noun: 我們經(jīng)常將兩個形容詞放在一個名詞前面： a handsome young man; a big black car; that horrible big dog Sometimes we have three adjectives, but this is unusual: 有時候會用到三個形容詞，但這是不太尋常的： a nice handsome young man; a big black American car; that horrible

5、 big fierce dog It is very unusual to have more than three adjectives. Adjectives usually e in this order: 形容詞通常以這種順序排列： We use some adjectives only after a link verb: 有些形容詞只用在系動詞后面： Some of the monest -ed adjectives are normally used only after a link verb: 一些最普通的以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞通常只用在系動詞后面： annoyed; fini

6、shed; bored; pleased; thrilled We say: 我們說： Our teacher was ill. My uncle was very glad when he heard the news. The policeman seemed to be very annoyed but we do not say: 但我們不說： We had an ill teacher. When he heard the news he was a very glad uncle He seemed to be a very annoyed policeman A few adje

7、ctives are used only in front of a noun: 有些形容詞只用在名詞前面： We say: He lives in the eastern district. There were countless problems with the new machinery. but we do not say: The district he lives in is eastern The problems with the new machinery were countless. 英語語法術(shù)語Grammatical Terms 語法 grammar 句法 synt

8、ax 詞法 morphology 結(jié)構(gòu) structure 層次 rank 句子 sentence 從句 clause 詞組 phrase 詞類 part of speech 單詞 word .2abc8. 實(shí)詞 notional word 虛詞 structural word 單純詞simple word 派生詞derivative 復(fù)合詞pound 詞性part of speech 名詞 noun 專有名詞 proper noun 普通名詞 mon noun 可數(shù)名詞 countable noun 不可數(shù)名詞 uncountable noun 抽象名詞 abstract noun 具體名詞

9、 concret noun 物質(zhì)名詞 material noun 集體名詞 collective noun 個體名詞 individual noun 介詞 preposition 連詞 conjunction 動詞 verb 主動詞 main verb 及物動詞 transitive verb 不及物動詞 intransitive verb 系動詞 link verb 助動詞 auxiliary verb 情態(tài)動詞 modal verb 規(guī)則動詞 regular verb 不規(guī)則動詞 irregular verb 短語動詞 phrasal verb 限定動詞 finite verb 非限定動詞

10、 infinite verb 使役動詞 causative verb 感官動詞 verb of senses 動態(tài)動詞 event verb 靜態(tài)動詞 state verb 感嘆詞 exclamation 形容詞 adjective 副詞 adverb 方式副詞 adverb of manner 程度副詞 adverb of degree 時間副詞 adverb of time 地點(diǎn)副詞 adverb of place 修飾性副詞 adjunct 連接性副詞 conjunct 疑問副詞 interrogative adverb 關(guān)系副詞 relative adverb 代詞 pronoun 人

11、稱代詞 personal pronoun 物主代詞 possessive pronoun 反身代詞 reflexive pronoun 相互代詞 reciprocal pronoun 指示代詞 demonstrative pronoun 疑問代詞 interrogative pronoun 關(guān)系代詞 relative pronoun 不定代詞 indefinite pronoun 物主代詞 possessive pronoun 名詞性物主代詞 nominal possessive pronoun 形容詞性物主代詞 adjectival possessive pronoun 冠詞 article

12、 定冠詞 definite article 不定冠詞 indefinite article 數(shù)詞 numeral 基數(shù)詞 cardinal numeral 序數(shù)詞 ordinal numeral 分?jǐn)?shù)詞 fractional numeral 形式 form 單數(shù)形式 singular form 復(fù)數(shù)形式 plural form 限定動詞 finite verb form 非限定動詞 non-finite verb form 原形 base form 從句 clause 從屬句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause 名詞從句 nominal claus

13、e 定語從句 attributive clause 狀語從句 adverbial clause 賓語從句 object clause 主語從句 subject clause.2abc8. 同位語從句 appositive clause 時間狀語從句 adverbial clause of time 地點(diǎn)狀語從句 adverbial clause of place 方式狀語從句 adverbial clause of manner 讓步狀語從句 adverbial clause of concession 原因狀語從句 adverbial clause of cause 結(jié)果狀語從句 adver

14、bial clause of result 目的狀語從句 adverbial clause of purpose 條件狀語從句 adverbial clause of condition 真實(shí)條件狀語從句 adverbial clause of real condition 非真實(shí)條件狀語從句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄條件句 adverbial clause of implied condition 錯綜條件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition 句子 sentence 簡單句 simple senten

15、ce 并列句 pound sentence 復(fù)合句 plex sentence 并列復(fù)合句 pound plex sentence 陳述句 declarative sentence 疑問句 interrogative sentence.2abc8. 一般疑問句 general question 特殊疑問句 special question 選擇疑問句 alternative question 附加疑問句 tag question 反義疑問句 disjunctive question 修辭疑問句 rhetorical question 感嘆疑問句 exclamatory question 存在句

16、 existential sentence 肯定句 positive sentence 基本句型 basic sentence pattern 否定句 negative sentence 祈使句 imperative sentence 省略句 elliptical sentence 感嘆句 exclamatory sentence 句子成分 members of sentences 主語 subject 謂語 predicate 賓語 object 雙賓語 dual object 直接賓語 direct object 間接賓語 indirect object 復(fù)合賓語 plex object

17、同源賓語 cognate object 補(bǔ)語 plement 主補(bǔ) subject plement 賓補(bǔ) object plement 表語 predicative 定語 attribute 同位語 appositive 狀語 adverbial 句法關(guān)系 syntactic relationship 并列 coordinate 從屬 subordination 修飾 modification 前置修飾 pre-modification 后置修飾 post-modification 限制 restriction 雙重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restricti

18、on 數(shù) number 單數(shù)形式 singular form .2abc8. 復(fù)數(shù)形式 plural form 規(guī)則形式 regular form 不規(guī)則形式 irregular form 格 case 普通格 mon case 所有格 possessive case 主格 nominative case 賓格 objective case 性 gender 陽性 masculine 陰性 feminine 通性 mon 中性 neuter 人稱 person 第一人稱 first person 第二人稱 second person 第三人稱 third person 時態(tài) tense 過去將

19、來時 past future tense 過去將來進(jìn)行時 past future continuous tense 過去將來完成時 past future perfect tense 一般現(xiàn)在時 present simple tense 一般過去時 past simple tense 一般將來時 future simple tense 現(xiàn)在完成時 past perfect tense 過去完成時 present perfect tense 將來完成時 future perfect tense 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 present continuous tense 過去進(jìn)行時 past continuou

20、s tense 將來進(jìn)行時 future continuous tense 過去將來進(jìn)行時 past future continuous tense 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 present perfect continuous tense 過去完成進(jìn)行時 past perfect continuous tense 語態(tài) voice 主動語態(tài) active voice 被動語態(tài) passive voice 語氣 mood 陳述語氣 indicative mood 祈使語氣 imperative mood 虛擬語氣 subjunctive mood 否定 negation 否定范圍 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation 局部否定 partial negation 轉(zhuǎn)移否定 shift of negation 語序 order 自然語序 na