現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(講課)92890.ppt

1、,The ing-form used as adverbial現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,思維導(dǎo)圖解讀,現(xiàn)在分詞的形式 （以go 和write為例）,意義：,writing,being written,going,having written,Having been written,having gone,1.v-ing與句中主語為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，與句中謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，或基本上同時(shí)發(fā)生 2.having+v-ed與句中主語為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，先于謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生,句法功能,一做伴隨狀語：分詞等于and連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞或分句 二原因狀語相當(dāng)于as,since,because等引起的原因狀語從句，常位于句首，句中

2、或句末。 三時(shí)間狀語 相當(dāng)于when,while,as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，常位于句首或句末 四條件狀語 相當(dāng)于if等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，常位于句首 五讓步狀語 相當(dāng)于although,though,even if,even though引起的讓步狀語從句，常位于句首 六結(jié)果狀語 相當(dāng)于so that,so等引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，常位于句末,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語學(xué)與練,把劃線部分改寫成分詞短語 并說明其功能,1.When they saw their teacher, the students stood up.,Seeing their teacher, the students stood up.

3、,*現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時(shí)間狀語,2. After they had finished their homework, they went home.,Having finished their homework, they went home.,*現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時(shí)間狀語,*Having finished their homework表現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作在went home( ),故用分詞的( ).,之前,完成式,3.Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school. 4.If you work harder at English, you will make great

4、er progress.,Being ill, he couldnt go to school.,*現(xiàn)在分詞短語 作原因狀語,Working harder at English, you will make greater progress.,*現(xiàn)在分詞短語 作條件狀語,5.Although they felt very tired，they kept running. 6.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句),*Feeling very tired, they kept running.

5、,現(xiàn)在分詞短語 作讓步狀語,The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking.,*現(xiàn)在分詞短語 作伴隨狀語,被 動(dòng),主 動(dòng),語態(tài),doing having done,done being done having been done,1. When he found the door locked, he went home.,轉(zhuǎn)化為分詞作狀語,2. (scold)by his mother, the boy hung his head.,Being scolded,3._(see) black clouds covering

6、the sky, he stopped his work and went home.,Seeing,4. (praise)for his job, Tom worked harder.,Having been praised,1.doing或者being done 同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生 2.Having done或者h(yuǎn)aving been done 先于主句的謂語動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生 1）當(dāng)v-ing形式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，應(yīng)使用完成式：having done 2）. 當(dāng)v-ing形式被動(dòng)式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，被動(dòng)式應(yīng)使用完成式：having been done,

7、注意,如果分詞表示的是一個(gè)極短暫的動(dòng)作,這動(dòng)作一發(fā)生,謂語表示的動(dòng)作立即發(fā)生,也用分詞的一般形式. Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.,15,1.“What a beautiful garden it is!” said the girl, _out of the window. A.looking B.having looked C.to look D.looked 2._a long way, Bob began to feel tired A. Walking B. Having walked C. To walk D. walked

8、3. _ in the queue for half an hour, I suddenly realized that I had left my wallet at home. A. To wait B. Waiting C. Having waited D. To have waited,使用having done或having been done的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)部分常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些用于表示過去或完成的時(shí)間狀語，例如：before, already, for a long time, many times等。,竅門,直接在分詞前面加not 1._ a reply, he decided to wr

9、ite again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 2._that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. A. Not realized B. Realizing not C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized,分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語為主句的主語，此時(shí)應(yīng)注意人稱一致。,1）_(see)from the hill , we find the ci

10、ty very beautiful. _（see）from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. 2） _ (look) at her mother, he jumped with joy. _(look) at by her mother, he jumped with joy.,Seeing,Seen,Looking,Looked,3)While watching television，_. A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the do

11、orbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings4)Hesitating what to do,_. A so lets not go outing B the tour was cancelled C but we should still take the tour D we had to stay home,_, the trees turned green. 春天來了 _, well visit the Great Wall. 時(shí)間允許的話,補(bǔ) 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),在用分詞短語作狀語時(shí), 它邏輯上的主語一般必須與句子的主語一致, 如不一致則要加上它自己邏輯

12、上的主語, 這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),Spring coming,Time permitting,1._Sunday , I shall have a quiet day at home . A. Being B. It is C. There being D. It being 2.The party will be held in the garden, weather_（2012高考全國卷） A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit,有些慣用的V-ing 短語在句中中可以沒有邏輯上的主語而獨(dú)立存在，它們往往作為句子的獨(dú)立成分來修飾

13、全句，表面說話者的態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)等。我們稱這種狀語為評(píng)論性狀語或評(píng)注性狀語。 generally / strictly/ / frankly/ personally speaking 一般來說 / 嚴(yán)格來說/ 坦率地說/ 就個(gè)人而言 judging from/ by 由.判斷 considering 考慮到 taking into consideration 考慮到 supposing 假如 talking / speaking of 提到 providing 如果 Seeing that既然,Judging from his appearance, he is a wealthy man. 從外表

14、判斷他是一位富翁。 Generally speaking, the more you pay, the more you get. 一般來說，付出的越多，得到的就越多。,1. 分詞短語是由狀語從句變換而來的，用以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步及附帶情況。 2. 若狀語從句與主句的主語相同時(shí)： 1）去連詞 2）去主語 3）動(dòng)詞變分詞 e.g. If you turn to the right, youll find the school. _， youll find the school. _，and youll find the school.,Turning to the right,Turn

15、to the right,3. 若狀語從句與主句的主語不同時(shí)： 1）去連詞 2）前面的主語留下 3) 動(dòng)詞分詞 e.g. As it were fine, I went fishing with my father. _ I went fishing with ,It being fine,Notes: 1. 分詞短語=連詞+ 主語 + V. e.g. Walking along the street, I met Mary. _ I met Mary. Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. _I stopped to,While I was walki

16、ng along the street,Because I was tired,2. 分詞短語意義不清時(shí)，往往保留連詞。但表示原因的連詞 because, as等一定要省略。e.g. When (I was) mailing a letter in the post office, I met Tom. As she didnt know what to do, she began to cry. _,she began to cry.,Not knowing what to do,1).Using your head, youll find a good way. Working hard,

17、 youll surely succeed.,If you use your head,If you work hard,條件狀語,練一練,思考：如何改為祈使句,2). Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. Not knowing her address, we cant get in touch with her.,(原因),Because he was poor,As we dont know her address,3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailors shop.,時(shí)間,When I was wal

18、king in the street.,4) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.,伴隨狀語,Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.,5). He did his homework carelessly, making a lot of mistakes.,so he made a lot of mistakes,結(jié)果,辨析： He hurried to the station only to find the trai

19、n had gone.,(自然的或必然的結(jié)果),(意想不到的結(jié)果),Eg Finished their homework, the children went out to play football. 更正 _the children went out to play football. _the children went out to play football. _ they went out to play football.,變式訓(xùn)練,Their homework finished,Having finished their homework,After the children

20、finished their homework,提示： 用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 用分詞作狀語 用狀語從句,當(dāng)堂檢測之高考鏈接,1. He got up late and hurried to his office, _the breakfast untouched. A. Left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left 2._that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A. realizing B. realized C. to reali

21、ze D. being realized,3.The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 4.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. a

22、dded,5._ up at his father, he asked what was the matter with him. A.Having looked B. Looking C.To look D.Look 6.The car burns more fuel, but_ all things into consideration, its still a good car A taken B having taken C taking D to take 7._ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered,8._an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.