名詞性從句高考七大考點

1、.,語法名詞性從句,noun clause,.,英語句子的種類,簡單句 (simple sentence),并列句 (compound sentence),復(fù)合句 (complex sentence),英語句子概論,.,簡單句的五種基本句型,The weather is very cold. 主語+謂語（連系動詞）+表語 He laughed. 主語+謂語（vi.） I like Chinese food. 主語+謂語(vt.)+賓語 She taught them physics. 主語+謂語(vt.)+間接賓語+直接賓語 We must keep the room warm. 主語+謂語(

2、vt.) +賓語+賓語補足語,.,并列句 把兩個或幾個簡單句用并列連詞連接起來。,I turned on the TV. My sister and I watched it. I turned on the TV and my sister and I watched it. I bought my sister a present. She didnt like it. I bought my sister a present,but she didnt like it.,并列句,并列句,常用并列連詞:,平行并列連詞: 轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞： 因果并列連詞: 選擇并列連詞:,and, bothan

3、d, not only but also, neithernor,but, however, while, yet,or,eitheror,for, so,.,復(fù)合句:主句+從句,名詞性從句 定語從句 狀語從句,1.The boy who is standing over there is Tom,2.Because it is raining ,we have to stay at home,定語從句,狀語從句,3.I know (that)he is from America,(賓語從句）,名詞性從句-,.,Noun Clauses (名詞性從句),Subject Clause (主語從句

4、),Appositive Clause （同位語從句）,Object Clause （賓語從句）,Predicative Clause （表語從句）,.,Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he has told you. The fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting.,主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句,名詞性從句的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，因此主語從句、表語從句 、賓語從句和同位語從句分別作主句的主語、表

5、語、賓語和同位語。,同位語從句,.,名詞性從句考點歸納,1. 引導(dǎo)詞 2. 語序問題 3. 時態(tài)問題 4. 主謂一致問題 5. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣 6. it做形式主語、形式賓語的用法 7. 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別,.,名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞,(1)從屬連詞,that,whether,if,只起連接作用， 不充當(dāng)從句中的任何成分。,(2)連接代詞,who(ever),whom(ever),whose(ver),which(ever),what(ever),既起連接作用， 本身又在從句中做成分,(3)連接副詞,when,why,where,how，,how many，,how much，,既

6、起連接作用， 本身又在從句中做狀語。,.,一、that,從屬連詞that本身無意義，在名詞性從句中不作句子成分，只起連接作用。,1、賓語從句,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.,Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.,.,規(guī)則一：

7、1.當(dāng)賓語從句由連詞that引導(dǎo)，that在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中常省略。,2.賓語從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下不能省略： （1）當(dāng)that 從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語時，第二個that不能??； （2）當(dāng)that從句作介詞賓語時，that不可省掉。 （3）用it做形式賓語的賓語從句, that不可省掉。,.,溫馨提示： 在主句為動詞be加某些形容詞（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表語時，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語從句。,Im sorry (that) I dont know . Were sure

8、 (that) our team will win . Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .,.,_ is certain. （我們將遲到了） 2. _ is a pity. (你錯過了這次機會) My dream is _ (我將來有我自己的公司) 4. Ive come from Mr Wang with a message _ (他今天下午不能來看你了),That we shall be late,That you missed the chance,that I will have my own company,that he wont be

9、 able to see you this afternoon,主語從句,主語從句,表語從句,同位語從句,.,規(guī)則二： 當(dāng)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句由連詞that引導(dǎo)時，that在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，但是不可以省略。,.,1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I dont know _ he is well or not.4. I dont know _ or not he is well.5. I dont know _ to go. 6. _ the meeting

10、 will be put off has not been decided yet.,if / whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,二、whether/if,.,_ he is free now is certain . The problem is _ we can get there on time. He must answer the question _ he agrees to it or not.,Whether,whether,whether,.,規(guī)則： 1.賓語從句由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，表 “是否”，?？苫?/p>

11、換，不能省略。,2. if/whether的區(qū)別： 1)當(dāng)有or not時就用whether,不用if. 2)介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if. 3)whether 可與動詞不定式連用，if 不能。 4)主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中, 只能用whether,不能用if.,.,三、what,_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. 2. He is no longer _ he was. 3. A modern city has been set up in _was a wasteland ten years ago. 4.

12、After _ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 5. Our income is now double _ it was ten years ago. 6. Do you know _ he said just now?,What,what,what,what,what,what,.,規(guī)則： what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，除了表示“什么”，還可以表示： 表示“的東西或事情”； “的人或的樣子” （身份或地位） 的地方 的時間 的數(shù)量或數(shù)目,.,Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see

13、 _ it is. 任何最后離開房間的人應(yīng)該把燈關(guān)掉。 _ought to turn off the light. 他的問題是哪個學(xué)生英語最好。 His question is _ at English 哪個最喜歡就拿哪個。 Take _,who,Whoever leaves the room last,which student is the best,whichever you like,.,Could you show me _ I can reach the station? 我們就是這樣克服困難的. That was _ we overcame the difficulties I

14、have no idea _ he has gone. 這就是我不同意的地方. This is _ I disagree . 這就是她為什么今天早上起得這么早的原因. This is _ she got up so early this morning. _ he didnt come is still unknown to us. _is under discussion 我們什么時候開始開會 Many students say that their time at university is _ they can experience pure love.,how,how,where,wh

15、ere,why,Why,When well begin the meeting,when,.,規(guī)則： Wh-引導(dǎo)表語從句時，它們通常不含有疑問意 義，而是分別體現(xiàn)具體的地點、時間、原因和 方式。,.,名詞性從句的語序,His brother asks _ the library . 他什么時候去圖書館 I dont know what is the matter the trouble wrong with him.,名詞性從句中，除了連接詞要提到句首之 外，一律要用陳述句語序。,when he will go to,.,2. Our physics teacher once told us

16、that light _ （ travel ） faster than sound.,travels,總結(jié)歸納：,c.主句的動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時，從句謂語可根據(jù)需要選用各種時態(tài),1. He said that he will go to the station. .,3. Tom says that Mary _ (go) abroad last year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months.,a.主句的動詞用過去時，從句謂語動詞用過去的某種時態(tài),b.主句的動詞用過去時，從句表示客觀事實，格言，諺語等 ，從句謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時,went,has been,w

17、ould,名詞性從句的時態(tài),.,When the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .,When the person was murdered and why he was murdered_(is/are)still unknown.,單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用_形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動詞則用_形式。由兩個或多個連接詞引導(dǎo)一個主語從句，謂語動詞用_形式。,總結(jié)歸納：,單數(shù),復(fù)數(shù),has,When they will start and where they will go_(be)stil

18、l unknown.,When and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .,are,has,單數(shù),名詞性從句的主謂一致,.,名詞性從句(主)的虛擬語氣,It is ordered that he _(take) the examination. It is strange that he _ (tell) you this.,should take,tell,基本句型：It is +形容詞、名詞、過去分詞+ that . + (should) do a. It is important (necessary,

19、 natural, strange, advisable etc)+that b. It is a pity( a shame, no wonder etc)+that c. It is suggested (ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted etc)+that,.,We suggested that the meeting _(put off),總結(jié)歸納：,表示建議、要求、命令,堅持等動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、

20、order后的從句謂語動詞用 _,注意suggest 當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“講時，insist 表示 “堅持認為”之意時，從句按需要來選擇時態(tài),(should) + do/be done,The smile on his face suggested that he _(was/be/is)satisfied with our work.,was,名詞性從句（賓）的虛擬語氣,be put off,.,a. IwishI_(know)theanswer now.,b. Iwishhe _(pass)theexam yesterday.,c. IwishI_ (fly)tothemooninafew

21、years.,對現(xiàn)在虛擬時，that從句中謂語用過去時,對過去虛擬時，用had過去分詞,對將來虛擬時，用would(might等)動詞原形,knew,hadpassed,wouldfly,總結(jié)歸納：,名詞性從句（賓）的虛擬語氣,.,在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即_,His suggestion that you _ (try)once more sounds reasonable. 2. The order given by the commander was that th

22、ey _ (not stop)until the commander allowed they to.,總結(jié)歸納：,(should) + do/be done,名詞性從句（表、同）的虛擬語氣,(should) try,(should) not stop,.,名詞性從句中it做形式賓語、形式主語,找出下列句子中的錯誤,1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will hold our sports meeti

23、ng.,it,形式賓語,It,形式主語,總結(jié)歸納：,當(dāng)主語從句較長，而謂語較短時，常常將從句_，而用it作為形式主語置于句首。it 也可作形式賓語。,后置,.,用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu),(1) It is 名詞 從句 It is a fact that 事實是 It is an honor that 非常榮幸 It is common knowledge that 是常識 (2) It is 形容詞 從句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是 (3) It 不及物動詞 從句 It seems that 似乎 It happened tha

24、t 碰巧 It appears that 似乎 (4) It be+ 過去分詞 從句 It is reported that 據(jù)報道 It has been proved that 已證實 It is said that 據(jù)說,.,We think it important that we learn a foreign language. We consider it our duty to clean our classroom every day. 該句型中的it 作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為： 6123結(jié)構(gòu) 6 指主句中常用的動詞：think, believe, make,

25、 find, consider, feel ； 1 指的是形式賓語it ； 2 指的是賓補的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞 ； 3 指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動名詞短語或that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。,.,同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別,We expressed the hope that they had expected. We expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.,定語從句,同位語從句,The question who helped us out of difficulty remains to be an

26、swered. The question which seems so strange remains to be answered.,同位語從句,定語從句,1、同位語從句: 說明名詞的內(nèi)容, wh-表示疑問, that不做成分, 不能省略 2、定語從句: 說明名詞的性質(zhì)特征, wh-不表示疑問。引導(dǎo)詞做句子成分, 做賓語可以省略,.,判斷:定語從句or同位語從句,1.The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 2.The order that we re

27、ceived yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 3.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true. 4.The news that we got last week is true. 5.The question that we discussed yesterday is a difficult one.,(定語從句),(同位語從句),(同位語從句),(定語從句),(定語從句),.,Thank you!,.,Predicative

28、 Clauses 表語從句,.,what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever,that, whether,as if/as though,when, where, how, why.because,表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句,放在系動詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+系動詞+表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的系動詞有be, look, remain, seem,表語從句,The question is _we can rely on him. Thats _we were in need of money at that time . He looked _he

29、was going to cry . Thats _I was late .,whether,because,as if,why,.,1. Thats _ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether 3 .That is _ they separated. A. that B. what C. which D. where 4.Jane

30、 is no longer _ she was four years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. when,.,appositive Clauses 同位語從句,.,同位語從句 1. 跟在某些名詞后面，對該名詞作進一步解釋說明。 常用名詞有belief, fact, idea, hope, news, doubt, result, thought, information, opinion等。Suggestion, suggest order demand wish等 2. 常用連詞：that; when, where, why, how,e.g. 1.消

31、息傳來，拿破侖要來視察他的軍隊。,Word came that Napoleon would come and inspect his grand army.,Its the question how he did it.,3同位語從句多用that 引導(dǎo)，無意義，不可省。,2.問題是他如何做這件事的,4.在have no idea之后用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語從句,I have no idea where he has gone. I have no idea when he did it. I have no idea what he did.,.,1.Two thirds of all girls

32、 in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.,2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night.,_,The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.,_,We heard the news last night that

33、the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.,.,4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.,5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.,3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online

34、./ Many British parents hold the view.,_,Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online.,_,There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible.,_,_,The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people

35、, especially kids in school.,.,1.We expressed the hope that they had expected. 2.We expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.,定語從句,同位語從句,3. 連詞that在同位語從句中不可省略,而在定語從句中當(dāng)它充當(dāng)賓語時可以省略。,區(qū)別that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句和定語從句：,1.引導(dǎo)同位語的連詞that在句中不作任何句子成分，而在定語從句中， that充當(dāng)?shù)目梢允菑木涞闹髡Z或賓語等,2. 同位語從句是對前面名詞的內(nèi)容的具體說明，而定語

36、從句是對前面名詞進行修飾，解釋為“.的”,3.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.,1.The news that our team has won the game was true.,2.The news that he told me yesterday was true,同位語從句,定語從句,同位語從句,.,判斷:定語從句or同位語從句,1.The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterda

37、y. 2.The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 3.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true. 4.The news that we got last week is true. 5.The question that we discussed yesterday is a difficult one.,(定語從句),(同位語從句),(同位語從句),(定語從句),(定語從句),.

38、,1. _made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities . A What / because B What / that C That / what D That / because 2._she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons . A What / why B That / what C What / because D W

39、hy / that,B,A,B,3. He is absent from school . It is _ he is seriously ill. A. why B. because C. that D. the reason,4 _has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising . A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever,5. Information has been put forward _ more graduates will be admitted into universities .

40、A that B how C where D what,D,A,.,6 - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week . - Is that _you had a few days off ? A why B when C what D where 7 -Are you still thinking about yesterdays game ? - Oh ,thats _. A what makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about C how I feel about it D w

41、hen I feel excited,A,A,.,._ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect . A What B That C This D Which 10. When you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule : Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants . A what B which C whe

42、n D that 11. We made the suggestion that he _ his work . A continues B continue C continued D had continued,B,A,B,.,12.There will be a special price for _ buys things in large number here. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. Whomever 13. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game . why

43、B. what C. who D. that (05) 14.The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. (05) A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever,.,14.Many newspaper printed the governors statement _ would support a tax cut. and he B. was that he C which he D that he 15._ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun. Which B. How C. What D. That 16.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. However B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,.,16.