語序的變換.ppt

1、寫作語序的變換,語序：句子成分和詞語的先后順序，例如定語和狀語的位置。,定語的位置,英語中，單詞，短語，從句等都可作為定語，其位置要根據(jù)英語的習(xí)慣來判定。一般來說，單詞放在所修飾的名詞前，短語與從句放其后。,精湛的工藝 （工藝精湛） fine workmanship 新形勢 new circumstances 休息用的車子 a sleeping car 一支落敗的軍隊 a defeated army,西方大國 a western power 一個承認(rèn)中國的西方大國 a western power that recognizes China 第一個承認(rèn)中國的西方大國 the first west

2、ern power to recognize China / that recognizes China,1) 英國是第一個承認(rèn)中國的西方大國。 Britain was the first Western power to recognize China. 2)在太空中有各種各樣肉眼看不見的波。 There are various kinds of waves invisible to the naked eye in the aerospace.,3) 日本和我們是一衣帶水的鄰邦。 Japan is our close neighbor separated only by a narrow

3、strip of water.,一些特殊的定語位置 some any every no,1)他想找一個可靠的人幫助工作。 He wanted to get someone reliable to help in the work. 2)今天報上有什么重要的消息嗎？ Is there anything important in todays paper? 3)咱們到一個安靜的地方去吧。 Lets go somewhere quiet.,4) 醫(yī)生為救病人，盡到了一切必要的努力。 The doctor did everything necessary to save the patient. 5)

4、 這個句子沒有什么不對的地方。 There is nothing wrong with this sentence.,通常作表語用的形容詞作定語必須后置 1) 他是當(dāng)今最偉大的詩人。 He is the greatest poet alive. 2) 到場的來賓中有一些是外國記者。 The guests present included a few foreign newsmen （出席，必為表語）. (比較：當(dāng)前的發(fā)明 present inventions),固定詞組 聯(lián)合國秘書長 Secretary General （of the U.N.） 當(dāng)選（尚未就職的）的總統(tǒng) the presid

5、ent elect,某些以ible 或able結(jié)尾的形容詞用作定語時，與every，the only，或形容詞最高級連用來修飾名詞時，也常放在名詞后,1) 我們一定要用一切可能的辦法來幫助他們。 We must help them in every way possible (every possible way). 2) 這是這兒能找到的唯一參考書。 This is the only reference book available here.,某些分詞用作定語時，也須后置 1)他們收下贈送的禮物，十分高興。 They were very glad to have accepted the

6、presents offered. 2)那些唱歌的人大部分是婦女。 Most of the people singing were women.,3)他要求有關(guān)的人員都積極參加這項工作。 He urged those concerned to take an active part in the work. 4)想去的人請站起來好嗎？ Will those wishing to go stand up?,某些表示位置，方向的副詞-后置 1) 這是唯一的出路。 This is the only way out. 2) 他作了一次國外旅行，剛剛回來。 He has just returned fr

7、om his trip abroad.,狀語的位置,1) 他整天工作。 He works all day long. 2) 他英語說得相當(dāng)好。 He speaks English quite well. 3)他上班從來沒有遲到過。 He was never late for work.,4) 他們因為下雨取消了那次郊游。 They cancelled the outing because of the rain. 5)我是在廣州工作時認(rèn)識她的。 I made her acquaintance when I was working in Guangzhou. 6) 1980年以來，他只來過北京一

8、次。 Since 1980, he has come to Beijing once only. (時間狀語),7) 因有風(fēng)暴，夜餐延期。 On account of the storm, the picnic was postponed. （原因狀語） 8)由于用電作動力，這種小汽車不污染空氣。 Powered by electricity, these small cars do not pollute the air. (非謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)，過去分詞短語，表被動),9) 一般來說，理論、計劃、或措施的制定都必須要符合外界客觀規(guī)律。 Generally speaking, theories,

9、plans and measures must be worked out in accordance with the laws of the objective external world. (固定用法，例如judging from),10) 如蒙早日寄來樣品或產(chǎn)品冊，不勝感激。 It would be appreciated (表態(tài)部分) if samples and / or brochure could be soon forwarded to us（敘事部分）.,Exercise: Please translate the following into English.,1)他們

10、努力盡可能快的速度提高產(chǎn)量。 They are working to increase production at the highest speed possible. 2)這是能想得出的最好解決辦法。 This is the best solution imaginable.,3)避暑山莊和北京的故宮、山東曲阜的孔廟一樣，是中國保存最完好的古代建筑群，也是中國現(xiàn)存規(guī)模最大的古典皇家園林。 The Summer Palace of Chengde is one of the three best-preserved magnificent architectural complexes in

11、 China, the other two being the Forbidden City in Beijing and The Confucian Temple in Qufu of Shandong Province.,4)如果天氣合適，我們要到白云山去玩。 Weather permitting, well go on an excursion to the Baiyun Mountain (Mountain with white clouds). (條件狀語，用了非謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語，表主動) 5)烏云散掉之后，太陽又開始放射光芒。 The dark clouds having

12、 dispersed, the sun shone again. (非謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)，現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，表主動),6)使他吃驚的是，她不僅沒有表揚(yáng)他，反而批評了他。 To his surprise, she criticized him instead of praising him. 7)我們得早點(diǎn)到達(dá)那里。 We have to be there early. 8)會議將于明天下午在國際會議廳舉行。 The meeting will be held in the International Conference Hall tomorrow afternoon.,9)我們上星期在她家飽餐了一頓。