英語高考高效備考之虛擬語氣詳細講解及訓練.ppt

1、The Subjunctive Mood虛 擬 語 氣,語氣的定義,語氣是動詞的一種形式，它表明說話人對某一行為或事情的看法和態(tài)度。,語氣的種類,1.陳述語氣：表明動作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實的確定的或符合事實的，用于陳述句，疑問句和某些感嘆句。,We are not ready. Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day it is!,2.祈使語氣,表明說話人的建議，請求，邀請，命令等。,Be careful! Dont forget to close the window. Open the door, please.,3,虛擬語氣,表示動作或狀態(tài)不

2、是客觀存在的事實，而是說話人的主觀愿望，假設或推測等。,If I were you , I should study English. I wish you could go with me. May you succeed!,虛擬語氣在條件從句中的用法。,條件句有兩類，一類是真實條件句，一類是虛擬條件句。,真實條件句：假設的情況是有可能發(fā)生的。,If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.,虛擬條件句：假設的情況是過去或現(xiàn)在都不存在的，或?qū)矶疾豢赡馨l(fā)生的。,If he had seen you yesterday,he would

3、have asked you about it.,1.與現(xiàn)在事實相反,從句-過去式(be通常用were)， 主句-should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”：,If I knew her number I could ring her up.,If he were free, he would help us.,If he studied at this school, he would know you well.,Should用于第一三人稱 would表示結果， might表示可能性，could表示能力、允許或可能性,1.要是你再試一試，你就會成功的。,If yo

4、u tried again you would succeed 。,2，如果我是只鳥，我就能在天上飛了。,I f I were a bird, I could fly in the sky.,3. If I _ (是 )you , I _(就不會)buy that coat.,Were,Shouldnt,4.If I _(有) a knife，I _(就殺了) you。,Had would kill,2.與將來事實相反或?qū)淼脑竿茰y,從句-did /should +do /were to do 主句-should/ would/ could/ might +do,If it rained t

5、omorrow , our picnic would be put off.,If he were to come here, he would tell us about it.,If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time.,3，與過去事實相反,從句had done 主句should/ would/ could/ might +have done,If I had left sooner，I would have been on time.,2)要是我們當時早點找到他的話，我們就可以救活

6、他,If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.,注意： 1，條件從句的謂語動詞為be時，不管其主語為單數(shù)還是復數(shù)通常都用were，但在口語或非正式文體中的單數(shù)第一人稱和第三人稱后，也可用was，不過在 If I were you這樣的表達中，通常還是以用were為宜。,2）當虛擬條件句的謂語動詞含有were, should, had時，if可省略，而將were, should, had等詞置于句首。如：,If he should agree to go there, we would send him there.,Sho

7、uld he agree to go there, we would send him there.,If he had learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here.,Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here.,If she were here, she would agree with us,Were she here, she would agree with us,在含有虛擬條件句的復合句中，逐句和從句的謂語都要用虛擬

8、語氣?，F(xiàn)將虛擬條件句從句和主句的動詞形式列表如下：,虛擬語氣的其他用法,一，wish后的賓語從句,1.與現(xiàn)在事實相反-一般過去時 2.與過去事實相反-過去完成時 3.與將來事實相反-過去將來時,1.I wish_ (他再試一次),he would try again,2.I wish _(和你一樣年輕),I were as young as you,3.I wish_(我看過這部電影),I had seen that film,4.I wish_(我將來當個醫(yī)生),I would become a doctor,二，advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, in

9、sist(堅決要求) , order, propose, request, suggest(建議) 表示請求、要求、命令或建議等意義的動詞所接的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，起虛擬語氣的結構為：(should) + 原形動詞,The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here.,The Party asked that we should serve the people with our heart and soul,三，It is suggested / requested / desired / propo

10、sed /. that 后接主語從句時 advice, desire, order, plan, , recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish充當句子的主語后接同位語從句，或表語從句時,從句中都用(should)+do,We followed his advice that we should ask our teacher for help He told us his idea that he should go to university His suggestion is that we should do our w

11、ork more carefully. Their plan is that they should build a new factory in their hometown. It is suggested that he should go to visit his old friend.,四，as if (though) 從句用虛擬語氣,與現(xiàn)在事實相反一般過去時； 與過去事實相反過去完成時； 表示將來的可能性不大would (might, could)+動詞原形：,I love you as if_(你是我兒子),you were my son.,They talked as if_

12、(以前見過面),They had met each other before,They are happy as if_(他們要去月球了),They would go to moon,五，It is (high) time that 到了.的時候了,It is time that + 過去時 It was time that +過去完成時,六 , would rather 寧愿，用法同 wish, as if,七，if only 要是就好了，用法同上,1，The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to

13、prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given,Exercise,2,Wang Ling, one of my friends, is very good at English. He speaks English as if he _ an Englishman. A. wereB. would be C. have beenD. had been,3,_ more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain wereB. Had the captain been C. Should the captain beD. If the captain would have been,4, If only I _ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. A. had knownB. would know C. should knowD. knew,5, Robert wishes that he _ business instead of history when