The-Commonwealth-of-Australia.ppt

1、Which country is it?,A Country Marching in the Tramcar,An Infrequent Biological Museum,A Nation on the Sheep Back,The Commonwealth of Australia,National Capital：,In aboriginal language, the word “kambera” means “gathering place” or “meeting place”.,Canberra 堪培拉,National Flag,The heptagonal star: six

2、 states and one territory,The five stars: the Southern Cross 南十字星座,National Emblem,Advance Australia Fair 前進(jìn)，美麗的澳大利亞,Australians all let us rejoice, For we are young and free; Weve golden soil and wealth for toil, Our home is girt by sea; Our land abounds in Natures gifts Of beauty rich and rare; In

3、 historys page, let every stage Advance Australia fair! In joyful strains then let us sing, Advance Australia fair!,National Day: January 26th,On January 26th, 1788，the British colonists established the first settlement in Australia.,Australia: The Land Down Under,Smallest Continent Average elevatio

4、n: 200-500 m,Ayers Rock 艾爾斯巨石,The Central Lowlands,Area: 25% of Australia Average elevation: 150 m,Lake Eyre: the lowest point in Australia,Lake Eyre is 4-16 meters below sea level.,The water in Lake Eyre is very salty and the lake beds are encrusted with salt.,The Eastern Uplands,Area: 15% of Austr

5、alia Average elevation: 800-1000 m,The highest mountain in Australia,Mount Kosciusko 科修斯科山,The highest mountain, Mount Kosciusko, is 2,228 meters high.,the Murray River 墨累河,The longest river, River Murray, is 3,490 km long.,Great Barrier Reef大堡礁,The Gold Coast黃金海岸,Four Seasons in Australia,Spring: S

6、eptember-November Summer: December-February Autumn: March-May Winter: June-August,Tropical Climate Zone,Polar Climate Zone,Temperate Climate Zone,Temperate Climate Zone,Polar Climate Zone,Australia: a hot continent,Climate in Australia: Hot and Dry,Average temp in summer: 20-30 Average temp in winte

7、r: 10-20,Australia: a dry continent,Eucalypts 桉樹,Golden Wattle 金合歡,Emus: 鴯鹋,Kangaroo 袋鼠,Unique Animals in Australia,Kangaroo 袋鼠,Koala 考拉,Marsupials 有袋動物,Platypus 鴨嘴獸 Echidnas 食蟻猬 Kookaburra 笑翠鳥,Population in Australia,Sparsely-Populated Australia has a population of 19,731,900 according to a 2003 su

8、rvey.,Population in Australia,Unevenly-Distributed,Most of Australians live in the south and east.,Population in Australia,Highly-Urbanized,80% of Australians live in cities and towns, especially along the narrow coastal strip between Brisbane and Adelaide.,Political Division in Australia,ACT,Wester

9、n Australia the State of Excitement,Biggest state Least populous Mining Perth: the loneliest capital city in the world,Perth,Queensland the Sunshine State,The second largest state Agriculture and mining production,Brisbane,South Australia,The third largest state Sparsely-populated Agriculture and mi

10、ning Sister province of Shandong,Adelaide,Adelaide: City of Cathedrals,New South Walesthe Premier State,The fourth largest state The most populous state Industry, shipping and agriculture,Sydney,Victoria: the Garden State,The fifth largest state The second most populous state Agriculture and pastora

11、l industries,Melbourne,Tasmania: the Holiday Isle,The smallest state Tourism Sister province of Fujian,Hobart,Northern Territory,Covering 1/5 of the continent Sparsely-populated Cattle-raising and mining Darwin: Gate to the North,Darwin,Australian Capital Territory,In 1911, the ACT was mapped out of

12、 New South Wales to be the site of national capital.,Political System,1. Constitutional Monarchy VS Republicanism 2. Parliamentary system VS Presidential System 3. Unitary State VS Federal State,Constitutional Monarchy VS Republicanism,Constitutional monarchy: 君主立憲制 The monarch has the supreme power

13、 in the country. Republicanism: 民主共和制 The supreme power is invested in the people.,Parliamentary System VS Presidential System,Parliamentary System:議會制 The executive branch of government is dependent on the direct or indirect support of the legislative branch. Presidential System: 總統(tǒng)制 The executive

14、branch is elected separately from the legislative.,Unitary State VS Federal State,Unitary State: 單一制國家 The local government is subordinate to the central government. Federal State: 聯(lián)邦制國家 The self-governing status of the component states is constitutionally entrenched and may not be altered by a unil

15、ateral decision of the central government.,Political System,Political System in Australia,Australia is a constitutional monarchy. parliamentary democracy. federal state.,The Australia Constitution,The Australia Constitution came into effect when the six colonies federated to form the Commonwealth of

16、 Australia in 1901.,The constitution can only be changed by referendum. Only the majority of the voters and the majority of states approved, the constitution can formally be altered by the High Court of Australia.,The Legislative Branch,The Australian Federal Parliament consists of The Queen (Govern

17、or-General) The Senate The House of Representatives.,The Senate/the Upper House,An elected house,Equal members of senators from each state,Senators from the states: six-year term Senators from the territories: three-year term,The House of Representativesthe Lower House,An elected house,Seats are div

18、ided according to population.,Elections are held every three years,The Major Political Parties,The Australian Labor Party The Liberal Party The Country/National Party The Social Democratic Party,John Howard,He came into power in March, 1996. He leads a coalition government of the Liberal Party and the National Party.,Sum