高考短文改錯(cuò)解題技巧

1、短文改錯(cuò) 解題攻略,開(kāi)州區(qū)陳家中學(xué)Mr. Yu,短文改錯(cuò),短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分） 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意：1每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。,短文改錯(cuò)（2014年全國(guó)卷）,My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m.

2、 and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lesson in the morning There and two in the afternoon. We didnt need to do so dont many homework. Therefore , we have more much time with after-school activities. For example, we for can do reading for one and a half hour and play sport for one hour every day. ho

3、urs,短文改錯(cuò),My dream school look like a big garden. There are looks all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom, buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, sat by the lake listening music. sit to The teachers here are kind and helpfully. helpful They are not only our teachers but also o

4、ur friends.,短文改錯(cuò),一、短文改錯(cuò)常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)設(shè)置： 1.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之名詞 命題特點(diǎn):本來(lái)用復(fù)數(shù),卻用單數(shù).改正方法 :(1)根據(jù)名詞前的修飾限定成份; (2)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系. 1）.She said that she and my schoolmates all wished me success. 2）. After class we become strangers at once. 3）. They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my subjects.,短文

5、改錯(cuò),4）. On the way up I was busy taking pictures since the scenery was so beautiful. 5）. There are advantages for students to work while studying at school. 6）. He had no idea that the kitchen was not for guests. 7）. I looked at his other hand.,短文改錯(cuò),考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之代詞 命題特點(diǎn)： 1.女性代詞指代男性或相反；2.單數(shù)指代復(fù)數(shù)； 3.代詞詞性誤用。 改正方

6、法：聯(lián)系上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。 代詞的錯(cuò)誤特點(diǎn)： 1.人稱(chēng)代詞的偷換錯(cuò)誤 2. 缺少人稱(chēng)代詞的錯(cuò)誤 3. 人稱(chēng)代詞數(shù)的一致問(wèn)題 4. 人稱(chēng)代詞格的一致問(wèn)題,短文改錯(cuò),1). The Smiths did their best to make me feel at home 2) It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of us were very excited. 3) Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was lea

7、rning to express myself in simple English .,短文改錯(cuò),4) One day I wrote a little story and showed it to my teacher . 5) Some students may also save up for their college or future use .,短文改錯(cuò),3.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之介詞 命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：介詞涉及搭配錯(cuò)誤，因此可從以下方面確定錯(cuò)誤：1）介詞的基本用法；2）習(xí)慣搭配；3）動(dòng)詞詞類(lèi)確定錯(cuò)誤，如talk, serve, wait等。 介詞短語(yǔ)常?？?， 固定搭配要記牢, 介詞后邊跟

8、賓語(yǔ), 結(jié)合語(yǔ)境細(xì)推敲。,短文改錯(cuò),1) We do not seem to get much time to talk about together. 2) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. 3) The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.,短文改錯(cuò),4) Well talk about our plan for t

9、he weekend over dinner. 5) I am writing to thank you for your kind help. 6) He was looking for a glass in the cupboard. 7) Each of these lines stands for a trouble in my life.,短文改錯(cuò),考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之時(shí)態(tài) 命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過(guò)去時(shí)的誤用，句中一般沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。每年都考。要注意聯(lián)系上下文，著眼于整個(gè)語(yǔ)篇的時(shí)態(tài)。通常整篇都是過(guò)去，突然一個(gè)句子用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。其中又以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)互改為多。,短文改錯(cuò),1) They do

10、 not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies . 2) The time passed quickly. Evening came. 3) She liked it very much and read it to the class.,短文改錯(cuò),4)I dont know that they dont like to talk with me Sometimes, we talk to each other very well in class. 5) I will

11、write again and send you the photos we took together. 6) We had guests last night who had not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.,短文改錯(cuò),連詞and, but, or, so誤用及前后不一致 命題特點(diǎn)：主要考查and、or、but、so等并列連詞的誤用。關(guān)于連詞，一般考查從句關(guān)系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 改正方法；1）根據(jù)句意確定誤； 2）根據(jù)句子的邏輯關(guān)系確定錯(cuò)誤。,短文改錯(cuò),1) She

12、is smiling at me and nodding at me. 2) It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor or a guest. 3) The food was expensive but the service was good. 4) I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door and turn on the light.,短文改錯(cuò),5) We fed monkeys, visited temples an

13、d told stories. 6) She liked it very much and read it to the class. 7 I have a good friend whose name is Liu Mei. 8) I teach them, play with them, and watch them growing up. 9) Clever as she is,_ she works very hard.,短文改錯(cuò),考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之從句連詞 命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面的錯(cuò)誤主要涉及句子成份和復(fù)合句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞等。解答這類(lèi)題從以下方面來(lái)思考：1）句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，成份是否冗缺

14、；2）復(fù)合句中邊接方句和從句的關(guān)系詞或引導(dǎo)詞的運(yùn)用是否得當(dāng)?shù)取?短文改錯(cuò),1) It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. 2) I dont know why they dont like to talk with me. 3) The main problem was _ that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English. 4) Earning their own money allows them

15、to spend on anything as _ they please. 5) They did not want breakfast because _ they were going out early in the morning.,短文改錯(cuò),考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之冠詞 命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：英語(yǔ)中冠詞只有三個(gè)，只能從以下幾個(gè)方向出題： 1）不定冠詞a和an互改； 2）不定冠詞a或an和定冠詞the互改； 3）根據(jù)需要增刪冠詞。,短文改錯(cuò),1) As everyone knows, its a famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals

16、. 2) We may be one family and live under the same roof. 3) On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over the weekend. 4) I hope youve had a pleasant journey home,短文改錯(cuò),考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之形容詞和副詞 命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：主要考查形容詞和副詞的誤用、形容詞及副詞的比較級(jí)等。1）根據(jù)adj.或adv.的基本用法確定錯(cuò)誤；2）修飾連系動(dòng)詞或名詞用形容詞；3）修飾行為動(dòng)詞、形容詞、過(guò)去分詞及整個(gè)句子用副詞。,短文改錯(cuò),1)

17、I would describe myself as shy and quiet. 2) There have been reports in America about people trying to steal personal information for bad purposes. 3) Finding information on the Net is easy.,短文改錯(cuò),4) So what I learned from the job was much more important than what I earned. 5) My pronunciation was te

18、rrible . 6) They came back late and had some tea.,短文改錯(cuò),考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 命題特點(diǎn)改正方法： 1）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)用； 2）動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的錯(cuò)用； 3）現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的錯(cuò)用等,短文改錯(cuò),1) Earning their own money allows them to spend on anything as they please. 2) My parents will do all they can to make sure that I get a good education. 3) Soon I began t

19、o enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.,短文改錯(cuò),4) We fed monkeys, visited temples and told stories. 5) Some students may also _ save up for our college or future use.,短文改錯(cuò),短文改錯(cuò)口訣 動(dòng)詞形，名詞數(shù)，還要注意形和副；非謂語(yǔ)，細(xì)辨別，習(xí)慣用法要記??； 句子成分多分析，邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注；冠詞連詞常光顧.,短文改錯(cuò),短文改錯(cuò)口訣 動(dòng)詞形

20、，名詞數(shù)，還要注意形和副；非謂語(yǔ)，細(xì)辨別，習(xí)慣用法要記住； 句子成分多分析，邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注；冠詞連詞常光顧.,短文改錯(cuò),短文改錯(cuò)口訣 動(dòng)詞形，名詞數(shù)，還要注意形和副；非謂語(yǔ)，細(xì)辨別，習(xí)慣用法要記?。?句子成分多分析，邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注；冠詞連詞常光顧.,短文改錯(cuò),（一）動(dòng)詞形：主要包括兩類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤。動(dòng)詞形常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤： 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與一般 現(xiàn)在時(shí)錯(cuò)用。 2）第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用。 3） and 前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致。(and具有對(duì)稱(chēng)性） 4） 主謂不一致。 5） 缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（尤其缺be動(dòng)詞） 6） 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)用 7）Used to 的運(yùn)用錯(cuò)誤,短文改錯(cuò),（二）名詞數(shù)：指名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式的用法錯(cuò)誤。常表現(xiàn)為將名詞復(fù)數(shù)寫(xiě)成單數(shù)。改正方法： 根據(jù)名詞前的修飾限定成份 ）根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,短文改錯(cuò),（三）還要注意形和副：注意形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。這也是高考短文改錯(cuò)