Module 6 Why Do We Need Dictionaries Period One Introduction 課件.ppt

1、Module 6 Why Do We Need Dictionaries Period One Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary 課件,Electronic Dictionaries The concept of hightech is not just for rocket scientists anymore.It is trickling down to everyday usage, and serving a useful purpose for humanity.The electronic dictionary, also known a

2、s handheld translator or pocket translator, is an effective learning tool that captures students interest and does much more than just translate.,話題美文欣賞,Idioms, antonyms, synonyms, irregular verbs can be used interchangeably.The class time is not wasted on the flipflipflip of dictionary pages any mo

3、re. This machine shortens much of the distance between English and Chinese speakers.Students can be shown how to use the dictionary, with little technical direction.Using the dictionary removes the responsibility of the students who even dont know a word.Beginners gain a feeling of control over thei

4、r learning environment and learning process.,Even the most negative students lose their hatred of English by having a tool that simplifies and speeds up the learning process.Its fast and easy.Best of all, not everyone has to have their own machines.These can be shared. The next obvious concern is wh

5、ich electronic dictionary to purchase.There are many different ones on the market.The “credit card” size ones do not have a large enough memory to be useful.At least 20 megabytes are necessary.If there are too many buttons in a small space, the machine becomes boring to use.,The screen should be lar

6、ge enough so the user can easily read it.Most electronic dictionaries also feature items such as a calendar or an appointment book, a calculator, or an alarm watch.An honest evaluation of the users needs should be considered.,Read the passage and judge True or False. 1An electronic dictionary can on

7、ly be used as a translator.() 2Beginners can gain much confidence by using this machine.() 3When buying an electronic dictionary, we should choose one with a small size, fashion style and many different functions.(),F,T,F,Module 6 Why Do We Need Dictionaries Period One Introduction & Reading and Voc

8、abulary(1) 課件（外研版選修9）,1 n傳記作家 adj.傳記的，傳記體 的 v為寫傳記 n傳記 2 v編纂，匯編 n編輯 3 v修訂 n修訂者，校訂者 4 n引文，引語(yǔ) adj.引證的,.單詞識(shí)記,biographer,biographic,biographize,biography,compile,compilatory,revise,reviser,quotate,quotative,課前自主學(xué)習(xí),5 n缺點(diǎn)，毛病 adj.不完美的；有錯(cuò)誤的 6 n出版 v出版 n出版商 7 adj.淘汰的，廢棄的，過(guò)時(shí)的 n 過(guò)時(shí)，陳舊 8 v擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)充；壯大 n擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)充 adj.擴(kuò)大的，

9、擴(kuò)展的 9 n解釋，說(shuō)明 v解釋，說(shuō)明 10 n批評(píng)家，評(píng)論家 adj.批評(píng)的，批判性的 n批評(píng)，批判，責(zé)備,fault,faulty,publication,publish,publisher,obsolete,obsolescence,enlarge,enlargement,enlarged,explanation,explain,critic,critical,criticism,11 v加插圖于；(用示例、圖表等)說(shuō)明，解 釋 n圖表，插圖 adj.說(shuō)明的；解釋性的 12 adj.簡(jiǎn)化的，簡(jiǎn)易的 v使簡(jiǎn)化；使簡(jiǎn)易 n簡(jiǎn)化,illustrate,illustration,illustra

10、tive,simplified,simplify,simplification,1derive 從衍生出；起源于 2 all time有史以來(lái)的 3 a contract簽合同 4be known 為所熟知 5consist 包含 6as well 也，還有 7 than 而不是 8Be on以為基礎(chǔ) 9 the touch of一觸 10be unhappy 對(duì)不滿意,.短語(yǔ)天地,from,of,sign,to,of,as,rather,based,at,with,1By 1882，there were three and a half million of them. 信息提取在一般情況下

11、，如果由by引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)為過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 例句仿寫到上個(gè)學(xué)期為止，我已經(jīng)記住了3 500英語(yǔ)單詞。,.句型搜索,I had learned 3,500 English words by last term.,2The project was clearly too big for one person to edit, so Murray enlarged the editing team. 信息提取句中含有“too.to.”結(jié)構(gòu)?！皌oo形容詞/副詞動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)也稱為“too.to.”結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在多數(shù)情況下表示否定的概念，意

12、為“太而不能；太無(wú)法”。然而，有時(shí)候卻可以用這一結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示肯定意義。 例句仿寫那個(gè)問(wèn)題太復(fù)雜，以至于我們無(wú)法解決。,The problem was too complicated for us to solve it.,3He signed a contract in June 1746 but the dictionary didnt appear until 1755. 信息提取not.until意為“直到才” 例句仿寫街上的噪音一直到午夜才停止。,The noise of the street didnt stop until midnight.,閱讀課文，根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容判斷正誤。 1At

13、 the time, the best dictionaries in Europe were produced in England and Italy.() 2Johnson spent more than three years in writing a new dictionary.() 3Now, Johnsons book is the best English dictionary available.() 4The OED is a comprehensive dictionary of modern English.() 5By the 1990s，the publisher

14、s began to publish the OED.(),.預(yù)讀理解,1revise v. 修訂；校訂；修改，修正；復(fù)習(xí)功課，溫習(xí)功課 The writer revised the manuscript.作者訂正手稿。 He revised his story to make it shorter. 他修改了他的故事，把它縮短了。 The final exams are coming, and I have to start revising. 期末考試即將來(lái)臨，我得開始復(fù)習(xí)功課了。,課堂互動(dòng)探究,單詞掃描,revise the constitution 修改憲法 revised editi

15、on 修訂版 revised design 修改設(shè)計(jì) revised data 修正數(shù)據(jù) revise for v. 復(fù)習(xí)功課(迎考) 【翻譯句子】 我已改變了對(duì)他的看法。 我沒(méi)有很多時(shí)間為考試復(fù)習(xí)。,【歸納拓展】,I have revised my opinion of him.,I dont have much time to revise for tests.,(1) n. 合同，合約 to enter into/make/sign a contract with the supplier 同供應(yīng)商簽訂合同 a contract for the supply of vehicles 一份

16、有關(guān)車輛供應(yīng)的合約 to win/be awarded a contract to build a new school 爭(zhēng)得建一所新學(xué)校的合同 These clauses form part of the contract between buyer and seller.這些條款構(gòu)成了買賣雙方所簽合同的一部分。,2contract,(2) vt.訂(約)，立(合同)；約定 Several computer engineers have been contracted to the finance department. 有幾個(gè)電腦工程師已經(jīng)與金融部門簽了約。 He has contract

17、ed to work 20 hours a week. 他簽立了一周工作20小時(shí)的合同。 (3)vi.縮小，(使)收縮 Glass contracts as it cools.玻璃遇冷時(shí)收縮。 The exercise consists of stretching and contracting the leg muscles.這項(xiàng)鍛煉包括伸展和收縮腿部肌肉。,(4)患(病)；染(惡習(xí)) contract Aids/a virus/a disease感染艾滋病/病毒/疾病 (5) contract in (to sth)/contract out (of sth)訂約參與/不參與 Many e

18、mployees contracted out of the pension plan. 許多員工退出了這個(gè)養(yǎng)老金計(jì)劃的合約。 【翻譯句子】 他明天簽約是不足為怪的。,It is no wonder that hell sign the contract tomorrow.,3fault n缺點(diǎn)，缺陷；瑕疵；錯(cuò)誤，毛病；(只用單)(承擔(dān)錯(cuò)誤的)責(zé)任；過(guò)失 The teacher found many faults in spelling and grammar in my composition. 老師在我作文中發(fā)現(xiàn)許多拼寫和語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。 Every man has his faults.金無(wú)足

19、赤，人無(wú)完人。 It was not our fault that we were late. 這次遲到不是我們的錯(cuò)。,find fault (with)挑剔；找(的)茬；對(duì)吹毛求疵 find fault in 看出的缺點(diǎn)；找出的毛病 have no fault to find with無(wú)錯(cuò)可尋，無(wú)懈可擊 be blind to ones faults對(duì)某人的錯(cuò)誤/缺點(diǎn)置若罔聞 a fault on the right side 因禍得福 error是相對(duì)于準(zhǔn)確而言的錯(cuò)誤，故障，與mistake基本相近，而mistake更強(qiáng)調(diào)人為的可以避免的錯(cuò)誤，而fault意為“失誤，過(guò)失”。,【歸納拓展】

20、,The umbrella was taken by others by /in . Everybody thought its his that caused the accident.,用error, mistake和fault填空,mistake,error,fault,4available adj.可以得到的，可達(dá)到的，可用的；有空的，不忙的；有用的，有效的 This is the only room available. 只剩下這個(gè)房間可用了。 The swimming pool is available only in summer. 這個(gè)游泳池只在夏天開放。 The princi

21、pal is available now.現(xiàn)在校長(zhǎng)可以接見你。 He is not available for the job.他不適合做這項(xiàng)工作。 These tickets are available for one month. 這些票有效期為一個(gè)月。,作形容詞時(shí)，available常置于其所修飾的名詞之后，如：a room/tickets available be available to sb 可以為某人所用 be available for use可加以利用 【翻譯句子】 圖書館在暑假期間有沒(méi)有開放？,【歸納拓展】,Is the library available during s

22、ummer vacation?,Zhou Enlai made outstanding contributions to the foreign affairs of China.周恩來(lái)對(duì)中國(guó)外交做出了卓越貢獻(xiàn)。 The invention of paper was a great contribution to human civilization.紙的發(fā)明是對(duì)人類文明的一大貢獻(xiàn)。 The editor is short of contributions for the May issue. 編輯缺少五月這一期上的稿件。 【歸納拓展】 contribute v有助于；捐助；投稿；貢獻(xiàn) con

23、tribute to(to為介詞)捐獻(xiàn)(贈(zèng))，出錢；起作用，有助于，促成；投稿,5contribution v貢獻(xiàn)，捐贈(zèng)；投稿；捐獻(xiàn)物,contribute sth to向捐(款)/捐獻(xiàn)/捐助 make a contribution/ contributions to 捐贈(zèng)；做出貢獻(xiàn) The scientist often contributes to an academic journal. 這位科學(xué)家常常給那家學(xué)術(shù)期刊撰稿。 He contributed generously to the Red Cross. 他對(duì)紅十字會(huì)慷慨捐助。 He contributed half of his

24、savings to the relief fund. 他將積蓄的一半捐獻(xiàn)給救濟(jì)基金會(huì)。,All the factors (促成了他在商業(yè)中的巨大成功),【完成句子】,contributed/made contributions to his great success,in business,I want to enlarge the lawn.我想把草坪擴(kuò)大。 I planned to enlarge this photograph. 我計(jì)劃放大這張照片。 The police had the photograph of the missing girl enlarged. 警方把失蹤姑娘

25、的照片放大了。 【歸納拓展】 enlarge是由large(adj.)加了前綴(en)構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞，“en”也可以放在形容詞之后，構(gòu)成同義動(dòng)詞。如：enable(使能)，endear(使受喜愛)，enrich(使富裕)，ensure(保證，使安全)；lessen(減少)，,6enlarge vt.擴(kuò)大，增大，擴(kuò)展；(照片等)放大,worsen(惡化，變得更壞)，widen(加寬)，deepen(加深)，sharpen(削尖)，sweeten(使變甜)，richen(使富有)，thicken(使變厚)，quicken(加快)，soften(使軟化)等。 【完成句子】 My kitchen is t

26、oo small and it needs (enlarge),enlarging/to be enlarged,Many rated him the best student of all time. 許多人認(rèn)為他是有史以來(lái)的最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。 【歸納拓展】 ahead of time 提前 all the time一直 at a time一次 at all times在任何時(shí)候；經(jīng)常 at no time決不 at one time一度，過(guò)去曾經(jīng),of all time有史以來(lái)的,短語(yǔ)釋義,at the same time 同時(shí)；盡管如此 at the time那時(shí) at times有時(shí) 【完

27、成句子】 他一直哭著。 He kept crying 從前街上沒(méi)這么多車子。 _there were not so many cars on the street. 有時(shí)候我到海灘去。 _I go out to beach.,all the time,At one time,At times,在一般情況下，如果由by引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)為過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)為將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。以上兩種情況下主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如果by引導(dǎo)表過(guò)去的時(shí)間

28、狀語(yǔ)，主句可用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的系表結(jié)構(gòu)；,1By 1882，there were three and a half million of them.,到1882年，引言條的數(shù)量就已經(jīng)積累到了350萬(wàn)。,句式突破,如果by引導(dǎo)表將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)主句可用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不遲于；到時(shí)為止”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：by the time；by the end of。 Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的兒子在晚飯前會(huì)好的。 By 19th century, there were 20,000 residents in the town. 到19世紀(jì)時(shí)，

29、城鎮(zhèn)居民達(dá)到了20 000。 By the time you read the letter, I will be flying to New York.你讀這封信時(shí)，我將在飛往紐約的飛機(jī)上。 You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此時(shí)，你已經(jīng)到達(dá)上海了。,在我們到達(dá)他們家之前，他們將已經(jīng)吃完晚飯了。 By the time ， they .,【完成句子】,we get to their house,will have finished supper,2The project was clearly too big fo

30、r one person to edit, so Murray enlarged the editing team. “too.to.”結(jié)構(gòu)。“too形容詞/副詞動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)也稱為“too.to.”結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在多數(shù)情況下表示否定的概念，意為“太而不能；太無(wú)法”。然而，有時(shí)候卻可以用這一結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示肯定意義。 He is too inclined to give himself airs.他喜歡裝模作樣。,顯然，這項(xiàng)工作由一個(gè)人編輯,任務(wù)太重，因此默里擴(kuò)大了編輯隊(duì)伍。,句中含有,(1)表示否定意義 在too.to.這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，too后常跟形容詞或副詞，有時(shí)也可跟一個(gè)用作形容詞的過(guò)去分詞。

31、He is too tired to think of anything. 他太累了，什么也不想了。 在too.to.這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果主語(yǔ)是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者，不定式可用主動(dòng)形式，也可用被動(dòng)形式。 The water is too hot to drink.The water is too hot to be drunk.水太熱，不能喝。(此句中盡管用了主動(dòng)形式，但意義是被動(dòng)的。),【歸納拓展】,在too.to.結(jié)構(gòu)中，可以加上一個(gè)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)for sb (sth)，這樣可以起到一定的限制作用，即限制不定式表示的動(dòng)作只適用于它的邏輯主語(yǔ)。對(duì)于其他人或物則不一定是這樣，這就使句子意思更具體、明白。 His question is too easy for me to answer. 他的問(wèn)題對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)太容易了。 He spoke too fast for me to follow. 他講話太快，我聽不懂。,(2)too.to.表示肯定意義 當(dāng)too后面接anxious，eager，ready，nervous，glad，satisfied, kind, willing, good, happy,