第44課 書面表達(dá).ppt

1、第44課 書面表達(dá),解題策略,書面表達(dá)題主要考查學(xué)生在特定的語境中綜合運(yùn)用語言進(jìn)行表達(dá)的能力；同時，還考查學(xué)生英文書寫的規(guī)范性、美觀性等。 .常見的書面表達(dá)題型 1根據(jù)文體歸類：日記、書信、通知、便條、啟事、賀卡、發(fā)言稿、調(diào)查報告、記敘文、說明文及議論文等。然而許多試題都將記敘、議論、說明等表達(dá)方式融為一體，形成復(fù)合型的寫作。 2根據(jù)所提供的材料：圖畫作文、圖表作文、提綱作文及命題作文等。這樣的測試形式既有一定的控制性，又有一定的開放性，為考生展示其寫作能力提供了發(fā)揮的空間。,.如何寫出優(yōu)美的文章 1要選準(zhǔn)詞。 (1)語言是交流的工具。要使用通用的、合乎習(xí)慣的詞語，切忌使用生硬的詞匯； (2)

2、選詞要達(dá)意，英語有許多同義但用法不同的詞匯或短語，切忌混淆用法； (3)用詞要簡明扼要，寧可用常用詞簡單明了的表達(dá)信息。 2寫好句子。 (1)運(yùn)用所學(xué)詞匯、短語，結(jié)合一定的語法知識，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，直接用英語寫出相應(yīng)句子； (2)運(yùn)用固定句式表達(dá)信息；把比較復(fù)雜的句子分成兩個或兩個以上的句子，減少寫錯句的幾率；,(3)把兩個簡單句用一個復(fù)合句或較復(fù)雜的簡單句表達(dá)出來，這樣可提高文章的可讀性，但在沒有把握的情況下慎用。 (4)遇見生詞或不熟悉的表達(dá)時，可以在保持原意的基礎(chǔ)上，用不同的表達(dá)方式寫出來。 3設(shè)計段落。一個完整的段落要有主題句、拓展句及結(jié)尾句。正確運(yùn)用連接詞使語言銜接自然、行文流暢。

3、 4書寫規(guī)范、卷面整潔。,.如何提升寫作 1熟悉五種基本句式及一些使用頻率較高的句式。 2收集優(yōu)秀范文并大聲朗讀來擴(kuò)展思路及培養(yǎng)語感。 3堅持常規(guī)練習(xí)。即：詞詞組句子段落篇章。 切記：簡單句是主菜，要做到運(yùn)用自如；復(fù)雜句是作料，有之增色，缺之乏味，但不可舍本逐末，以免弄巧成拙。 4仔細(xì)審題。要點(diǎn)齊全、人稱及時態(tài)正確運(yùn)用。,【例1】(2009成都) 下列5幅圖畫告訴了我們中學(xué)生小明在課堂內(nèi)外是如何對待英語學(xué)習(xí)的。請你根據(jù)這5幅圖畫，以“How Xiao Ming Studies English”為題對小明的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行描述，說明這些表現(xiàn)對他學(xué)習(xí)英語帶來的不良后果，并對英語學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度談點(diǎn)自己的看法。,

4、注意： (1)寫作內(nèi)容：要包括所有圖畫中的主要內(nèi)容和文字提示中的必要內(nèi)容。 (2)短文詞數(shù)：80100個(短文的題目和開頭已給出、且不計入總詞數(shù))。 (3)詞語提示：復(fù)習(xí)review vt. 考試成績差 get bad marks How Xiao Ming Studies English Xiao Ming is a middle school student. _ _ _,解析：第一步，認(rèn)真看提示，并仔細(xì)看圖，獲知五幅畫的一些信息：1. 小明在家看電視到很晚，不復(fù)習(xí)英語。2. 小明在課堂上不認(rèn)真聽講，經(jīng)常和同學(xué)講話。3. 小明在練習(xí)英語口語時不講英語，而是說漢語。4. 小明做英語作業(yè)不認(rèn)真

5、，總是想著玩電腦游戲，英語考試成績很差。5. 對英語學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度的看法。，第二步：理出要點(diǎn)，緊扣圖片內(nèi)容，運(yùn)用想象適度發(fā)揮，進(jìn)行適當(dāng)敘述，使語句連貫通順。，第三步：通讀全文，看看所寫的短文是否扣住圖片的內(nèi)容，要點(diǎn)是否遺漏。同時，還要檢查是否有用法錯誤，拼寫是否正確。,參考范文： How Xiao Ming Studies English Xiao Ming is a middle school student. At home, he usually watches TV till late at night and doesnt review his English lessons. In En

6、glish class, he often talks with his classmate and doesnt listen to his English teacher carefully. When the teacher asks the class to speak English, he usually speaks Chinese. While he is doing his English homework, hes always thinking of playing computer games. Because of what he does with his Engl

7、ish, he always gets bad marks in English exams. From Xiao Mings story we know that we must be serious about English learning if we want to learn English well.,精彩再現(xiàn)： 1. 先描述故事再說明一個道理。 2. 文章結(jié)構(gòu)合理，句子通順。圓滿完成了試卷所規(guī)定的內(nèi)容。 3. 經(jīng)典句型： (1)While he is doing his English homework, hes always thinking of playing compu

8、ter games. (2)From Xiao Mings story we know that.,【例2】(2009紹興) 你在和Eric的交流中了解到中美兩國課堂有各自不同的一些特點(diǎn)，請你根據(jù)下表簡要描述這些特點(diǎn)，并就此談?wù)勛约旱南敕ǎ?要求： (1)文章必須包括表中所有信息，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，但不要逐條翻譯； (2)想法必須在2個句子以上； (3)文章的開頭已給出(不計入總詞數(shù))，你只需接著寫； (4)詞數(shù)在80左右。 There are some differences between a Chinese class and an American class. Lets have a

9、look. In China, _ _ _,解析：第一步：認(rèn)真仔細(xì)地閱讀提示，觀察表格中的內(nèi)容。第二步：根據(jù)表格的內(nèi)容緊扣要求遣詞造句，連詞成文。第三步：通讀全文，糾正錯誤，書寫整潔。寫作要點(diǎn)：(1)中國課堂的特點(diǎn)；(2)美國課堂的特點(diǎn)；(3)自己的想法。,參考范文： There are some differences between a Chinese class and an American class. Lets have a look. In China, students call their teachers with “Mr.” or “Miss”. In class the

10、y always listen to teachers and take notes carefully. If they want to show their own ideas, they put up their hands first. However, in America, students sit around the desks, face to face. They have pretty relaxed rules. They can even drink coffee or juice during classes. Also, they can speak in cla

11、ss freely. Different countries have different cultures. But I think Chinese classes are better. We should be strict in our study.,精彩再現(xiàn)： 文章內(nèi)容完整，敘述清楚，要點(diǎn)一目了然?！癏owever”的使用令文章過渡自然。Different countries have different cultures.點(diǎn)明了不同的文化背景造成了文化差異。,強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練,(一) 假如你叫陳然，是九年(1)班的學(xué)生，于6月3日下午在學(xué)校操場丟失了錢包，內(nèi)有身份證和電話聯(lián)系本，還有一個U

12、盤(U Disk)。你非常著急，希望拾到者送到九年(1)班或與你聯(lián)系(88342717)，你將不勝感激。 根據(jù)以上提示，請用英語寫一則50詞左右的尋物啟事。,One possible version： Lost I lost a purse on the school playground on the afternoon of June 3. There was an ID card, a notebook with phone numbers in it and a U Disk. Im very worried about it. Please send it to Chen Ran o

13、f Class 12, Grade 9, or call me at 88342717. Many thanks to the finder. Loser: Chen Ran,(二) 請你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，擬一則有關(guān)家教的招聘啟事。 1. 英語家教老師，年齡在30歲左右；有教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，且有耐心和信心； 2工作時間是每周六、周日，每天2小時，待遇豐厚； 3聯(lián)系電話是8101688。 注意：1.標(biāo)題已為你寫好，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮：2. 詞數(shù)：80詞左右。,One possible version： Wanted Do you want to be an English tutor? Do you have pa

14、tience and confidence? I need such an English teacher to teach my son at home. If you are at the age of about 30 and used to be a teacher, you are my best choice. You need to work 2 hours a day from Saturday to Sunday. Your pay is surely going to be good, too. You may call 8101688 if you have any in

15、terest.,(三)(2011金華) 根據(jù)下面的圖畫，請你用英語寫一篇短文。包括69個句子。短文要求達(dá)意、正確、連貫。,One possible version： New Years Day is coming. Some students are going to hold a party on New Years Eve. Now they are busy getting ready for it. A boy is carrying some food and a box of drinks into the classroom while others are working ha

16、rd to make the classroom nice and clean for the party. Look, a girl is making some paper flowers and a boy is writing “Happy New Year” and drawing some pictures on the blackboard. Over there two students are cleaning the windows and desks. I think they will have s wonderful party and enjoy themselve

17、s a lot.,(四)(2011德州) 假如你是張文，八年級四班的班長。你們班排練了一部英文課本劇(an English textbook play), 準(zhǔn)備本周六下午400在學(xué)校禮堂(the school hall)演出。請你用英語給學(xué)校的外籍教師Terry寫一封80詞左右的email，邀請他來觀看演出，并在演出結(jié)束時發(fā)言。 注意：1.可增加細(xì)節(jié)，使文章連貫完整；2. 開關(guān)和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。,Dear Terry， Hi, Im Zhang Wen, monitor of Class 4, Grade 8. _ _ _ We are looking forward to your

18、 coming. Yours， Zhang Wen,One possible version： Dear Terry， Hi, Im Zhang Wen, monitor of Class 4, Grade 8. Im writing to ask if you will be free on Saturday. Our class have made an English textbook play. We are going to put it on at the school hall on Saturday. Time is 400 pm. The play is about a fa

19、mous English story. Im sure you will enjoy it. We hope you can come, and we do hope you can give a speech at he end of the performance. Wed like you to give us some tips about English learning. If you can come, please let me know. We are all looking forward to your coming. Yours, Zhang Wen,(五)(2011麗

20、水) 假如你就讀于一所國際學(xué)校，前不久，你們班組織了一次“ My Learning Experience”的主題班會， 其中的三位同學(xué)介紹如下： Betty: Im happy that Im making progress. I have done much better than before. Charlie: My result is not bad, but I still have room to improve, for example, math, I did well in Chinese and physics. Anne: I spent a lot of time on

21、 science but I didnt do as well as I wanted to. Its hard to believe.,現(xiàn)在，請你根據(jù)三位同學(xué)的介紹完成以下總結(jié)性發(fā)言。 Boys and girls， Im very happy that many of you have shared your learning experiences with the class. Betty is making progress. Charlie still has room to improve, his math. But Anne didnt do well in her scie

22、nce. In my opinion, successful or not, it is not the most important in our lives. What we need to do is to try.,初中生活即將結(jié)束。請參考以下圖示，自選其中一個話題，寫一篇短文，記錄發(fā)生在學(xué)校或家庭中的難忘經(jīng)歷，供班級編輯題為“Unforgettable Experience” 的紀(jì)念冊。 要求：文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名或校名； 詞數(shù)為80100； 標(biāo)題已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。,One possible version 1： Unforgettable Experience Last su

23、mmer, I went to Beidaihe for my holiday with my family. We took a train because the way is not far. We lived in a big hotel where could see the sea. We stayed there for three days. The first day, we went for a walk along the seaside, and then we went swimming and took a lot of interesting photos the

24、re. The second day, we went to a famous market and bought many keepsakes. I was going to bring these keepsakes for my friends. The last day, we had a good picnic on the seaside with the natives. They acted all kinds of programmes and made us feel happy. Its a very good journey, and we all enjoyed ou

25、rselves on those days. If I have another holiday, I will go there again.,One possible version 2： Unforgettable Experience I wasnt good at math two years ago. I wasnt interested in it at all. I hardly listened to teacher carefully in class so that I couldnt finish my math homework by myself. So I alw

26、ays failed in the math tests. My parents were angry with me. They asked me to take the extra lessons after classes. But it didnt work. I lost my confidence. Things changed this term. Mr Li came to my class. One day he stopped me after school and showed me my homework. To my surprise, he was not angr

27、y with me. He only asked me to sit next to him and began to tell me how to work out the math problems.,At last he told me I could do better. From then on, he helped me with my math every day. After a month, I didnt feel bored about math any more. I worked harder and harder. I passed the math test la

28、st week. It made me excited. Thanks for Mr Lis helping. It was an unforgettable experience in my school life.,(六)(2011溫州) 假如你是劉宏，你學(xué)校每年都在世界水日(World Water Day)開展豐富多彩的活動，宣傳節(jié)約用水。你美國筆友Jim所在的學(xué)校也要開展類似活動，請你寫信向他介紹你們的活動情況(活動內(nèi)容見下表)。,要求：短文應(yīng)包括表中所有要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名，校名等相關(guān)信息； 文章長度：約100詞(不包括已給的詞數(shù)) 參考詞匯：take part

29、in, put on short plays, speech competition, make posters, helpful, save, waste.,Dear Jim， Nice hearing from you. Let me tell you what we often do in World Water Day in our school. _ _ _ Yours， Liu Hong,One possible version： Dear Jim， Nice hearing from you. Let me tell you what we often do in World W

30、ater Day in our school. On March 22nd all the teachers and students of the school take part in different activities. Lots of students put on short plays. Some people are funny, and they show us wasting water is bad for humans. Many students take part in the speech competition. They tell us what we s

31、hould do to save water, some teachers and students make posters and put them up in the school and neighborhood. In this way, more people know the World Water Day and join us. All these activities are helpful. More and more people know the importance of water and begin to save it. Maybe you can do th

32、e same. Yours， Liu Hong,(七)(2011臺州) 你校準(zhǔn)備創(chuàng)辦一份英語雜志，需要招聘記者。假如你叫Liu Peng，請用英語給雜志負(fù)責(zé)人Mr Chen 寫一封簡單的應(yīng)聘信，信的內(nèi)容包含如下： 性格外向(outgoing)；喜歡寫作；擅長英語。 注意：信的部分內(nèi)容已寫好，你只需將稱呼、署名和其它內(nèi)容補(bǔ)充完整。 Dear Mr Chen， Im a student of school. Im outgoing. I like writing and Im good at English. Can I become a reporter of the English magaz

33、ine? Yours， Liu Ping,Mr Chen 就英語雜志欄目的設(shè)置，在校園網(wǎng)上征求學(xué)生意見。請你根據(jù)下面表格內(nèi)容的提示，用英語寫一篇短文回復(fù)，要求如下： 介紹表中所提供的同學(xué)建議，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，但不要逐字翻譯； 為雜志提供一個不同的欄目名稱，并談?wù)勀愕睦碛苫蜃龇ǎ?詞數(shù)80100。短文的開頭已給出(不計入總詞數(shù)),參考詞匯：欄目 column 開闊 open up As for the column names of our school English magazine, we have thought of three: School News, Knowledge Window

34、, and Free Talk. _ _ _,One possible version： As for the column names of our school English magazine, we have thought of three: School News, Knowledge Window, and Free Talk. School News can help the teachers and students learn what is happening in our school. By reading the column Knowledge Window, w

35、e will open up our eyes and learn more knowledge. In the column Free Talk, we students can not only talk about our study and life but also express our view freely. In my opinion, Tips for English Learning that gives the students advice on how to learn English could be a popular column. As you know,

36、its not easy for the Chinese students to learn English well. Im sure the column will be very helpful.,(八)2011嘉興、舟山 A. 豐富多彩的校園活動吸引著你我。請根據(jù)提示寫出體育、藝術(shù)或其他類校園活動中你喜歡的兩項，并說明原因。,Some of my classmates like playing basketball because its relaxing. (1)I like playing basketball because I am interested in it. (2)

37、I like swimming because it can make me feel cool in summer. B. 假如你是李華，請根據(jù)76小題的提示，給你的英國筆友Michael寫一封信，介紹你們的校園活動，并說說你對校園活動的看法。 注意： (1)內(nèi)容應(yīng)至少包含兩項校園活動，要求意思、語句連貫； (2)詞數(shù)80100，開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)； (3)注意書信格式，信中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和校名。,June 13th, 2011 Dear Michael, Im glad to tell you something about our colourful school life. _

38、 _ _ _ _ _,One possible version： June 13th, 2011 Dear Michael, Im glad to tell you something about our colourful school life. Everyday we have lots of things to do at school. We have many different classes. In the class we can learn lots of new things. After the class school arrange lots of activiti

39、es for us. I like playing football. And I am on my school football team. I often practice playing football with my friends every day. I also like the movie club very much. Every Friday afternoon, we can watch a movie at school hall, after watching the film, we talked about it together. Besides, our

40、school has English corner where you can practice English with others. Its great to have such a great school life. Yours， Li Hua,(九) (2011衢州) A. 根據(jù)下面圖片，分別為圖1和圖2各寫兩個句子。 要求：(1)句子內(nèi)容必須與圖片相關(guān)；(2)句子完整，準(zhǔn)確。 Vegetables are good for our health.,The girl does homework every evening.,B. 在貴州一些偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)，許多學(xué)生住得離學(xué)校較遠(yuǎn)，每天上學(xué)

41、要步行1個多小時。因?yàn)榧依镓毟F，中午他們只能吃從家里帶的冷飯和冷菜，有的已經(jīng)變壞了，一些學(xué)生甚至一天只吃早、晚兩餐，下午就餓著上課。 請以“You and Me”為題寫一篇英語短文，介紹他們的狀況并談?wù)勀愕母惺芎痛蛩恪?要求：(1)可根據(jù)需要對所給材料進(jìn)行取舍或適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不必逐字翻譯； (2)短文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、地名和校名； (3)詞數(shù)80110左右。,One possible version： You and Me In some rural mountain areas of Guizhou, some students live far away from school. It t

42、akes them more than an hour to get to school. Because their families are poor, they can only eat the cold food and dishes at noon, which they get from their homes. Some food gets bad, because of the hot weather. Some students even only eat breakfast and supper every day. They have to have afternoon

43、classes without eating lunch. I am so sorry to hear that. I feel sad for them. I plan to raise money for them with my classmates. We will give away some clothes and books to them. If possible I want to invite them to our city. Lets do as the song You and Me says. Lets help the people in trouble toge

44、ther.,(十)(2011揚(yáng)州) 在家庭里、在社會中，只要我們從自身做起，我們的行為就可以為實(shí)現(xiàn)和諧社會(harmonious society)起到推進(jìn)作用：你們學(xué)校的English Newsletter 正在以Doing Our Part(從自身做起)為題舉行征文活動，請根據(jù)下列表格提示的內(nèi)容，用英語寫一篇征文。,要求：(1)表達(dá)清楚，語法正確，上下文連貫； (2)必須包括所有相關(guān)信息，并作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； (3)詞數(shù)：100詞左右(征文的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù))； (4)不得使用真實(shí)姓名、校名和地各等。,One possible version： Doing Our Part We have

45、 grown up and its time for us to do something for our family and society. At home, we can help parents do housework, it can make them not too tired after a long time work. We can communicate more with our parents so that they know what we want and understand us more. In public, we shouldnt drop litt

46、er. It can make our environment more beautiful. We should keep our voice down, when we talk with friends. If we speak loudly in a restaurant, other people will be uncomfortable. Try your best to help the people in trouble. It not only makes them feel warm, but also makes yourself happy. If we do our

47、 part from now on, our country will be more and more beautiful and our society will be full of love.,(十一)(2011黃岡) 假如你是韓梅，對英語興趣深厚，但學(xué)習(xí)起來卻很棘手。你知道，中國學(xué)生要想學(xué)好英語，練就聽、說、讀、寫的技能是關(guān)鍵，掌握枯燥的語法更是必要。對于native speakers 來說，是否也如此？因此，你打算給你遠(yuǎn)在加拿大的筆友Kate發(fā)一封電子郵件，談?wù)勥@些問題。 注意：1.詞數(shù)：80詞左右； 2. 文中不能出現(xiàn)自己的姓名和所在學(xué)校的名稱及其它相關(guān)信息，否則不予評分； 3.

48、 郵件開頭結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。,Dear Kate， Im writing to you for some questions about learning English._ _ _ _ Im looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours， Han Mei,One possible version： Dear Kate， Im writing to you for some questions about learning English. You know, I have great interest in English all

49、the time. However, I find it difficult to learn. In China, if you want to learn English well, listening, speaking, reading and writing are quite important. I wonder whether it is the same in Canada. Besides, our teachers tell us again and again that grammar is very important; we must take it serious

50、ly. However, I dont like grammar. It is so boring that I never learn it well. Dear Kate, is grammar also very important to you native speakers? I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours， Han Mei,(十二)(2011武漢) 假設(shè)你是Li Ming，目前在英國參加Homestay夏令營，住在Mrs. Walliam家?，F(xiàn)在，你需要完成培訓(xùn)老師布置的作業(yè)：用英語描述你的房東或房東太太。

51、要點(diǎn)如下： 1外貌特征(自己發(fā)揮)； 2和藹友善，與你相處融洽； 3經(jīng)常照顧你的日常生活，如：洗衣等； 4對中國的歷史文化很感興趣； 5補(bǔ)充一至兩點(diǎn)其他的看法。,注意： 1詞數(shù)6080，文章開頭已給出，不記入總詞數(shù)； 2文中不要提及你真實(shí)的校名和人名。 參考詞匯： friendly adj. 友善的，culture n文化， get along with 與相處,One possible version： My hostess is Mrs. Walliam. She is a middleaged housewife with blonde hair. I really like this

52、outgoing woman. We get along well with each other. She always takes care of my daily life. She cooks and washes clothes for me.That makes me feel like at home. Whats more, she is very interested in Chinese history and culture. So she often reads books about China. She hopes to visit China one day.,(

53、十三)(2011福州) 目前中學(xué)生早餐問題引起社會關(guān)注，你所在學(xué)校的學(xué)生會在5月20日“全國學(xué)生營養(yǎng)日”開展問卷調(diào)查，其結(jié)果令人擔(dān)憂。請你根據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇短文，倡導(dǎo)營養(yǎng)早餐。,提示詞：regularly, active, junk food(垃圾食品), a balanced diet, as a result 要求： 1. 所寫內(nèi)容必須包括表格中所提供的信息，并發(fā)表自己的看法。 2. 所給的提示詞必須全部用上，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮作用。 3. 字?jǐn)?shù)80詞左右。文章的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。,Breakfast Is Important Breakfast is important. But not all the students have realized its importance. Heres the result of our survey. About 55 percent of the students _ _ _ _ _,One possible version： Breakfast is important. But not all the students have realized its importance. Heres the