1英語單項(xiàng)選擇解題技巧指導(dǎo).ppt

1、,單 項(xiàng) 填 空 題,高考題型專題復(fù)習(xí),命題特征,命題手段,解題技巧,命題要點(diǎn),專題練習(xí),單 項(xiàng) 填 空 的 命 題 特 征,知識(shí)覆蓋面廣 語境地位突出 交際性原則明確 試題題干新穎 迷惑性較大 靈活性較高,單項(xiàng)填空的命題要點(diǎn),連詞、代詞 形容詞、副詞 介詞搭配 慣用短語 短語動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞語態(tài) 句子結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài) 非謂語動(dòng)詞,1 設(shè)置干擾 2 思維定勢 3 漢英差異 4 形近義近詞 5 創(chuàng)設(shè)語境,命題常用手段,一.設(shè)置干擾 命題者有意把句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化, 題干以倒裝句，被動(dòng)句，疑問句，省略句，或在句中加入插入語、使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句、從句、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等形式，避開考生所熟悉的陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)，來增加試題難度

2、。,1. To all of you _ the honor for the success（倒裝句） Abelongs to Bbelong to Cbelongs Dbelong,2. Time should be made good use of _our lessons well.（被動(dòng)句） A. learningB. learned C. to learnD. learns,C,C,分析：倒裝句，還原后為： The honor for the success _ all of you.,分析：將題干改寫為主動(dòng)句，則為We should make good use of time _o

3、ur lesson well.,3.What made her mother so angry? _the exam.（省略） A. Because she did not passB. Her not passing C. She did not passD. Because her not passing,B,4.Is this museum _ you visited?（疑問句） A.that B.what C.which D./,B,分析；將題干改寫為：_the exam made her mother so angry.,分析；將題干改寫為：This museum is_you vi

4、sited.,將不熟悉的省略句、疑問句、倒裝句、被動(dòng)句、等還原為熟悉的陳述句；也可將殘缺的部分補(bǔ)出或?qū)⒍嘤嗟牟糠謩h除。,解題技巧（一）還原法,5.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _，of course, made the others unhappy.(插入語) A. who B. which C. this D. what,B,分析：Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _（of course,） made the othe

5、rs unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what,6.The person we spoke to _no answer at first.（定從） A. makeB. making C. makes D. made,D,分析：The person （we spoke to） _ no answer at first.,7. The officer gave orders that anyone _a gun should be reported to the police station. A saw take B. seen taking C. see

6、ing take D. seen taken,B,對于含有插入語或從句的復(fù)雜句子，如果不考查此部分，首先應(yīng)分析語境及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找出并在省略插入語或去掉與選項(xiàng)不相關(guān)從句或短語的情況下，重新分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)就簡單了；如果考察此部分，也縮小了語境。,解題技巧（二）省略法,8.The young mother saw her baby fall to the ground; _ brought her heart to her mouth.（標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)） A. this B. which C. and that D. that,D,對于復(fù)雜長句子，先劃分主、從句，理清主句結(jié)構(gòu)，確定試題考察哪

7、部分，特別要注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的作用。,解題技巧（三）結(jié)構(gòu)法,二.思維定勢 利用思維定勢的影響來設(shè)題，這是最容易讓我們上當(dāng)?shù)念}。因?yàn)槲覀儽秤浟嗽S多語法規(guī)則，詞匯，詞的固定搭配和句子結(jié)構(gòu)等，做題時(shí)只注意這些熟悉的語法規(guī)則，結(jié)構(gòu)和局部固定搭配，往往在沒有完全弄清整個(gè)題干意思時(shí)就作出了選擇，結(jié)果當(dāng)然出錯(cuò)。,9.Im sorry I cant help _ the floor of the classroom. A. sweeping B. swept C. to sweep D. to sweeping,C,10. Madame Curie，for _ life had once been very ha

8、rd， was successful later A.whom B.which C.whose D.that,A,11. Do you have any idea of the reason _he referred to？ Athat Bwhere Cwhy Dwhen,A,正確理解句意，避免定勢思維。在學(xué)習(xí)過程中，尤其是復(fù)習(xí)階段，我們應(yīng)就一些常見的、重要的詞、詞組及句型加以反復(fù)訓(xùn)練，以加深印象，以避免思維定勢的干擾。,解題技巧,三.漢英差異 英漢在表達(dá)習(xí)慣，思維方式等方面具有很多不同，命題者常利用漢英差異出題。如漢語的“參加”在許多情況下都適用，如參加會(huì)議，參加考試，參加解放軍等，而在英語

9、中則因不同的賓語用不同的動(dòng)詞，如: take part in the celebration, attend a meeting, join the army, take an exam, join in a discussion 例如：,12. Its getting late. Im afraid I must be going now. - OK. _ .（2004全國卷） Take it easy B. Go slowly C. Stay longer D. See you,D,B,13. The population of China is _than that of Russia.

10、 A. much more B. much larger C. many more D. many larger,14. Ill come to see you if_. A. youre convenient B. it is convenient for you C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you,B,留心英漢表達(dá)差異 ,平時(shí)要多讀多比較多歸納，盡量避免Chinglish。,解題技巧,四.形近義近詞 把相似、相近的詞語或結(jié)構(gòu)放在一起作為干擾選項(xiàng)，若我們基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)掌握不牢就難于區(qū)分。例如：,15. Do you think t

11、he Stars will beat the Bulls? Yes. They have better players, so Ithem to win. A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want,C,16. Id like to buy a housemodern ,comfortable ,and _ in a quiet neighborhood.（2004福建） Ain all Babove all Cafter all Dat all,B,1）明確詞意 所選答案要符合句子意思； 2）歸納比較 平時(shí)要特別重視收集歸納比較同義詞、近義詞和相似詞的異同，牢記它

12、們的用法。,解題技巧,五. 創(chuàng)設(shè)語境 命題人在題干中不明確將語言時(shí)間或空間背景標(biāo)示出來，而是比較巧妙地隱含在句子中，稍不注意就會(huì)錯(cuò)選。例如：,17. Will you please repeat your idea? Certainly. But I think it certain you _ your attention. A. dont pay B. didnt pay C. werent paying D. arent paying,C,18. Which of those electronic dictionaries do you like most? _. They are bo

13、th expensive and of little use. A. NoneB. Both C. NeitherD. All,A,1）身臨其境，揣摩意圖 特別是對付考查時(shí)態(tài)的試題更要將自己置身于所提供的背景之中，同時(shí)注意揣摩命題者的意圖 2）認(rèn)真分析題干里所隱藏的信息,把握上下文的時(shí)間隱含、語義信息等線索，還要注意文化差異。,解題技巧,自我檢測,2.The letter I have been looking forward to _ at last. A. come B coming C. has come D. came,D,3.Remind him_the window when he

14、 leaves. A.of closingB.closing C.to close D.close,C,1. Little Jim is going to spend his holiday in Paris, _ lives his uncle.A. which B. who C. where D. that,C,4.Whom would you rather_with you, Jim or Jack? A.have go B.have to go C.have gone D. has to go,A,5. His sister left home in 1998, and _since.

15、 A.had not been heard of B.has not been heard of C.had not heard of D. has not heard of,B,6. Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting. - _ .（09福建） A. I practice every day B. Thank you very much C. No, I dont think so D. Well, its not good enough,B,7. I think_, though I could be mistaken, he liked

16、 me. A. who B. which C. that D. what,C,9. It is partly_ the summer day is longer that everything has a larger time to warm up. A. for B. that C. the reason D. because,D,8. We keep in touch _ writing often.A. with B. of C. on D. by,D,11. When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, b

17、ut by the time we _up , her voice had been full of life. （09北京） A.were hanging B.had hung C.hung D. would hang,C,10.If a northerner lives in south, he will probably feel that _. A. he doesnt agree to the climate there. B. the climate doesnt agree with him. C. he cant agree with the climate there D.

18、the climate doesnt agree to him.,B,13.The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.（09江西） A. what B. which C. that D.though,C,12.-I hope you enjoyed the film last night. -How on earth do you know I went to a film? I _ you. A.wont tell B.didnt tell C. hav

19、ent told D. hadnt told,B,14. I tried phoning her office, but I couldnt _. A.get along B.get on C.get to D.get through,D,15.-Is there any possiblity_ you could pick me up at the airport? -No problem. A.when B.that C.whether D.what,B,16.The little girl who got lost decided to remain_ she was and wait

20、for mother. A.where B.what C. how D. who,17.-Mum,is the pair of gloves_mine? -Yes.You have to wear another pair. A.washing B.have washed C.having washed D.being washed,A,D,18. Im trying to break the _of getting up too late . A.tradition B.convenience C.habit D.leisure,C,19.The factory produced many

21、famous cars, none of_shipped to foreign countries. A.them B.which C.it D.what,A,20.The house I grow up_has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A.in it B.in C. in that D.in which,B,21.Sometimes we are asked _ the likely result of an action wil be. A.that we think B what do we think C.

22、what we think D. that what we think,C,22.-I would like to buy an expensive camera. -Well,we have several models_. A.To choose from B to choose C to be chosen D for choice,D,24.The Us/UK war against Iraq and the suffering_caused have become a big concern all over the world. A.what B.which C. it D./,C

23、,23._a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.（09安徽） A. It has B. They have C. It remains D. There remains,D,25.He_to the meeting. Have you informed him of it? Sorry. I_to.A. hasnt come; am goingB. didnt come; have forgottenC. hasnt come; forgotD. doesnt come; will h

24、ave,C,26.-I wonder how much you charge for your services. -The first two are free_the third costs $30. A. while B. until C.when D. before,A,27. But for the help of my English teacher, I_the first prize in the English Writing Competition.（09福建） A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. w

25、ould have won,B,28.While watching television,_. A.the doorbell rang B.the doorbell rings C.we heard the doorbell ring D.we heard the doorbell rings,C,29.They werent a particularly good team, but they refused to give in and _ defeat. A. accept B. accepted C. accepting D. to have accepted,A,30.He made up his mind to devote his life _ pollution _ happily.A. to prevent, to live B. to prevent, from livingC. to preventing, to live D. to preventing, living,C,31.-Its thirty years since we last met.-But I still remember the story,believe it or not,_ we got lost on a rainy