名詞性從句課件.ppt

1、名詞性從句,名詞性從句,主語從句 ( The Subject Clause),賓語從句 ( The Object Clause),表語從句 ( The Predicative Clause),同位語從句 ( The Appositive Clause),請判斷出下列的句子屬于哪種從句,What I want to do is taking a bath. I dont think he is an honest boy. The fact is that he got the first place. The news that they won the game spread the who

2、le school. Do you know the fact that he is a foreigner?,(主從),(同位語從句),(賓從),(表從),(同位語從句),主語從句,主語從句在復合句中做句子的主語。,1. That most of these may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.,2. Why he failed the exam wasnt clear.,4. It is a pity that she cannot come.,3. Whether he has failed the exa

3、m wasnt clear.,2） 主語從句的連接詞,1. 連詞that (無詞義, 引導一個完整的句式); whether(是否), 不作成分, 不用if. That he will come and help us is certain. Whether we will succeed is still a question.,2. 連接代詞what, whatever, who, whom, which, whichever, whose 在從句做主語/賓語,What you said is perfectly true. Whoever comes will be welcome.,3

4、.連接副詞when, where, how, why, how soon, how far, how many / much,When the test will be given is not yet decided. Where we will have a meeting must be agreed on.,（1） It + be + 形容詞 + 主語從句 （2）It + be + 名詞 + 主語從句 （3）It + 不及物動詞 + 主語 從句 （4）It + 及物 動詞的被動語態(tài) +主語從句,常用句型如下：,It + be + 形容詞 主語從句,It is necessary/ im

5、portant that . It is obvious/ clear that It is true that It is strange that,It is important that you should master a foreign language. It is obvious that you are right.,It + be + 名詞 主語從句,It is a pity/a shame 真遺憾 It is a surprise . 令人驚奇的是 It is a fact 事實是 It is a wonder 是奇跡,It is a fact that we must

6、finish this work by Friday. It is a wonder that he comes back to life.,It + 不及物動詞 that從句,It seems that 似乎/ 看起來 It happens that . 碰巧 It occurred to me that 我突然想起,It seems that they arent satisfied with the work. It happens that they come here too. It occurs to me that I lost the book in the car.,It +

7、 be + -ed分詞 主語從句,It is said that 據說 It is reported that 據報道 It is believed/ thought that 據認為 It is well known that . 眾所周知,It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that they had got the first place. It is believed that they will win this match. It is well known that Taiwan bel

8、ongs to China.,what 引導主語從句時在句時在從句中充當句子成分，如主語, 賓語, 表語，而that 則不然。例如： 1) _you said yesterday is right. 2) _she is still alive is a good thing.,It is a good thing that she is still alive.,What,That,what 與that 在引導主語從句時的區(qū)別,用 it 句型翻譯:,據說今年高一學生要學新教材. 事實是他們依靠自己完成了所有的任務. 碰巧我在書店遇到了他 眾所周知, 比爾 蓋茨是世界上最富有的人.,It is

9、 said that the Senior Grade one students will learn a new text this year.,It is a fact that they finished all the work by themselves.,It happened that I met him in the bookstore.,It is well-known that Bill Gates is the richest person in the world.,賓語從句,在句中充當及物動詞或介詞或某些形容詞的賓語的句子叫做賓語從句。通常放在主句謂語動詞 (及物動詞

10、) 或介詞或形容詞之后。,1. I think that it will be of no use.,2. I wonder if you can do me a favour.,3. It depends on whether the boss will agree to you or not.,4. I am sure that you will win the game.,作形容詞的賓語 I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. I am sure (that) he will win the game.,作介詞的賓語 I dont care for

11、who marries him. We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.,由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句,注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當成分， 在口語或非正式文體中往往省略,e.g. I hear (that) _. （一小時后會回來） He said (that) _. （他非常想念我們） The teacher told us (that) _. （地球繞著太陽轉）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth m

12、oves around the sun,由從屬連詞whether, if 引導的賓語從句,e.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我們一起去公園） 2. Ask him _. （他是否能來） 3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨）,if (whether) he will go to the park with us,whether (if) he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,在賓語從句中，只能用whether，不能用if引導的賓語從句,(1)在具有選擇意義，尤其是直接與or not連用時，往往用whe

13、ther Let me know whether he will come or not (2)在介詞的后面 Im thinking of whether we should go to see the film. (3)在帶to的不定式前 We decided whether to walk there.,賓語從句中用it作形式賓語,We think it our duty that we should help others. I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.,注意：如果主句中有形容詞或名詞作賓

14、語補足語時，一般用it來作形式賓語，而真正的賓語that 從句則放在賓補后面。,表語從句,在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。,1. That is why he didnt pass the exam.,2. The question is where he has gone.,3. The problem is that he has gone.,4. It looks as if it is going to rain.,that, whether引導的表語從句,that在引導表語從句時無詞義，不做成分， 而whether有詞義，意為、“是否”,不做成分 。 eg: The fact is t

15、hat they dont trust him. The question is whether they will be able to help us.,連接代詞引導的表語從句,連接代詞what, which,who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 在句中作主語/賓語，不能省略。 eg: The problem is whom we can get to replace him. 問題是我們能找到誰去替換他呢。 Thats what he is worrying about. 那就是他在擔心的事。,(3) 連接副詞引

16、導的表語從句,連接副詞 where, when, how, why 在表語從句中做狀語 The question is where he has gone. That is why practice is the most important in learning English.,IV 同位語從句,在主從復合句中作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。 功能：同位語從句對于名詞進一步解釋，說明其前面的名詞的具體內容 。 The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.,He got the news

17、from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. Word came that students should have an examination next week.,同位語從句一般跟在抽象名詞 fact, belief, idea, news, hope, doubt, thought, possibility, opinion, problem, information, suggestion, word, result, promise, evidence, order, answer, reply后面, 用以說明或解釋前面的名詞. eg: The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. His delay