C++編程的Windows風(fēng)格

1、Windows風(fēng)格一般情況下，變量的取名方式為： + + 。范圍前綴_，類(lèi)型前綴_，限定詞。特殊的類(lèi)型命名,前綴表示： 類(lèi)、接口前綴 類(lèi)型 例子 備注 Lm Class LmObject 表示類(lèi)型本身不與范圍前綴結(jié)合使用 I Interface 接口 IUnknown 注：類(lèi)名前綴改為L(zhǎng)m，對(duì)于非全局的類(lèi)最好有語(yǔ)義表示其所屬模塊。類(lèi)的實(shí)例命名與類(lèi)名大致相同，只是類(lèi)名語(yǔ)義表示類(lèi)的通用含義，而類(lèi)名表示此實(shí)例的具體語(yǔ)義。如類(lèi)名LmSketPoint表示草圖點(diǎn)的類(lèi)定義，而它的兩個(gè)實(shí)例 _StartPoint,_EndPoint分別代表起點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)的語(yǔ)義。類(lèi)的實(shí)例命名帶上前綴_。特殊約定：a MouseT

2、ool的派生類(lèi)的前綴為_(kāi)Mt.b 對(duì)話框類(lèi)的前綴為CDlg.c 橡皮條類(lèi)的前綴為_(kāi)Rb.范圍前綴: 前綴 類(lèi)型 例子 備注 g_ 全局作用域 g_Servers m_ 成員變量 m_pDoc , l_ 局部作用域 l_strName 少用 注：編程時(shí)盡量少用全局變量，對(duì)于全局變量還應(yīng)在類(lèi)型前綴后加上如下關(guān)鍵字：特征模塊 ： Fea草圖模塊 ： Sket裝配模塊 ： Asm工程圖模塊： Lay曲面模塊 ： Surf界面模塊 ： Ui常用的一般數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型的前綴前綴 類(lèi)型 內(nèi)存規(guī)格描述 例子 ch char 8-bit character chGrade ch TCHAR 16-bit charact

3、er if _UNICODE is defined chName b BOOL Boolean value bEnabled n int Integer (size dependent on operating system) nLength n UINT Unsigned value (size dependent on operating system) nLength w WORD 16-bit unsigned value wPos l LONG 32-bit signed integer lOffset dw DWORD 32-bit unsigned integer dwRange

4、 p * Ambient memory model pointer pDoc lp FAR* Far pointer lpDoc lpsz LPSTR 32-bit pointer to character string lpszName lpsz LPCSTR 32-bit pointer to constant character string lpszName lpsz LPCTSTR 32-bit pointer to constant character string if _UNICODE is defined lpszName h handle Handle to Windows

5、 object hWnd lpfn (*fn)() callbackFar pointer to CALLBACK function lpfnAbort 常用Windows對(duì)象名稱(chēng)縮寫(xiě) Windows 對(duì)象 例子變量 MFC 類(lèi) 例子對(duì)象 HWND hWnd ; CWnd * pWnd ; HDLG hDlg ; CDialog * pDlg ; HDC hDC ; CDC* pDC ; HGDIOBJ hGdiObj ; CGdiObject * pGdiObj ; HPEN hPen ; CPen * pPen ; HBRUSH hBrush ; CBrush * pBrush ; HFO

6、NT hFont ; CFont * pFont ; HBITMAP hBitmap ; CBitmap * pBitmap ; HPALETTE hPalette ; CPalette * pPalette ; HRGN hRgn ; CRgn * pRgn ; HMENU hMenu ; CMenu * pMenu ; HWND hCtl ; CStatic * pStatic ; HWND hCtl ; CButton * pBtn ; HWND hCtl ; CEdit * pEdit ; HWND hCtl ; CListBox * pListBox ; HWND hCtl ; CC

7、omboBox * pComboBox ; Visual C+常用宏定義命名列表 前綴 符號(hào)類(lèi)型 符號(hào)例子 范圍 IDR_ 標(biāo)識(shí)多個(gè)資源共享的類(lèi)型 IDR_MAINFRAME 1 to 0x6FFF IDD_ 對(duì)話框資源(Dialog) IDD_SPELL_CHECK 1 to 0x6FFF IDB_ 位圖資源(Bitmap) IDB_COMPANY_LOGO 1 to 0x6FFF IDC_ 光標(biāo)資源(Cursor) IDC_PENCIL 1 to 0x6FFF IDI_ 圖標(biāo)資源(Icon) IDI_NOTEPAD 1 to 0x6FFF ID_IDM_ 工具欄或菜單欄的命令項(xiàng) ID_TO

8、OLS_SPELLING 0x8000 to 0xDFFF HID_ 命令上下文幫助(Command Help context) HID_TOOLS_SPELLING 0x18000 to 0x1DFFF IDP_ 消息框提示文字資源 IDP_INVALID_PARTNO 8 to 0xDFFF HIDP_ 消息框上下文幫助(Message-box Help context) HIDP_INVALID_PARTNO 0x30008 to 0x3DFFF IDS_ 字符串資源(String) IDS_COPYRIGHT 1 to 0x7FFF IDC_ 對(duì)話框內(nèi)的控制資源(Control) ID

9、C_RECALC 8 to 0xDFFF VISUAL C+ 下的數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型 類(lèi)型 含義 ATOM Atom. For more information, see Atoms. BOOL Boolean variable (should be TRUE or FALSE). BOOLEAN Boolean variable (should be TRUE or FALSE). BYTE Byte (8 bits). CALLBACK Calling convention for callback functions. CHAR 8-bit Windows (ANSI) character. Fo

10、r more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts. COLORREF Red, green, blue (RGB) color value (32 bits). See COLORREF for information on this type. CONST Variable whose value is to remain constant during execution. DWORD 32-bit unsigned integer. DWORD_PTR Unsigned long type for pointer precision

11、. Use when casting a pointer to a long type to perform pointer arithmetic. (Also commonly used for general 32-bit parameters that have been extended to 64 bits in 64-bit Windows. ) DWORD32 32-bit unsigned integer. DWORD64 64-bit unsigned integer. FLOAT Floating-point variable. HACCEL Handle to an ac

12、celerator table. HANDLE Handle to an object. HBITMAP Handle to a bitmap. HBRUSH Handle to a brush. HCONV Handle to a dynamic data exchange (DDE) conversation. HCONVLIST Handle to a DDE conversation list. HCURSOR Handle to a cursor. HDC Handle to a device context (DC). HDDEDATA Handle to DDE data. HD

13、ESK Handle to a desktop. HDROP Handle to an internal drop structure. HDWP Handle to a deferred window position structure. HENHMETAFILE Handle to an enhanced metafile. HFILE Handle to a file opened by OpenFile, not CreateFile. HFONT Handle to a font. HGDIOBJ Handle to a GDI object. HGLOBAL Handle to

14、a global memory block. HHOOK Handle to a hook. HICON Handle to an icon. HIMAGELIST Handle to an image list. HIMC Handle to input context. HINSTANCE Handle to an instance. HKEY Handle to a registry key. HKL Input locale identifier. HLOCAL Handle to a local memory block. HMENU Handle to a menu. HMETAF

15、ILE Handle to a metafile. HMODULE Handle to a module. The value is the base address of the module. HMONITOR Handle to a display monitor. HPALETTE Handle to a palette. HPEN Handle to a pen. HRGN Handle to a region. HRSRC Handle to a resource. HSZ Handle to a DDE string. HWINSTA Handle to a window sta

16、tion. HWND Handle to a window. INT 32-bit signed integer. INT_PTR Signed integral type for pointer precision. Use when casting a pointer to an integer to perform pointer arithmetic. INT32 32-bit signed integer. INT64 64-bit signed integer. LANGID Language identifier. For more information, see Locale

17、s. LCID Locale identifier. For more information, see Locales. LCTYPE Locale information type. For a list, see Locale and Language Information. LONG 32-bit signed integer. LONG_PTR Signed long type for pointer precision. Use when casting a pointer to a long to perform pointer arithmetic. LONG32 32-bi

18、t signed integer. LONG64 64-bit signed integer. LONGLONG 64-bit signed integer. LPARAM Message parameter. LPBOOL Pointer to a BOOL. LPBYTE Pointer to a BYTE. LPCOLORREF Pointer to a COLORREF value. LPCRITICAL_SECTION Pointer to a CRITICAL_SECTION. LPCSTR Pointer to a constant null-terminated string

19、of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts. LPCTSTR An LPCWSTR if UNICODE is defined, an LPCTSTR otherwise. LPCVOID Pointer to a constant of any type. LPCWSTR Pointer to a constant null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more informati

20、on, see Character Sets Used By Fonts. LPDWORD Pointer to a DWORD. LPHANDLE Pointer to a HANDLE. LPINT Pointer to an INT. LPLONG Pointer to a LONG. LPSTR Pointer to a null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts. LPTSTR An LPWSTR if

21、 UNICODE is defined, an LPSTR otherwise. LPVOID Pointer to any type. LPWORD Pointer to a WORD. LPWSTR Pointer to a null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts. LRESULT Signed result of message processing. LUID Locally unique identifier.

22、 PBOOL Pointer to a BOOL. PBOOLEAN Pointer to a BOOL. PBYTE Pointer to a BYTE. PCHAR Pointer to a CHAR. PCRITICAL_SECTION Pointer to a CRITICAL_SECTION. PCSTR Pointer to a constant null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts. PCTS

23、TR A PCWSTR if UNICODE is defined, a PCSTR otherwise. PCWCH Pointer to a constant WCHAR. PCWSTR Pointer to a constant null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts. PDWORD Pointer to a DWORD. PFLOAT Pointer to a FLOAT. PHANDLE Pointer to

24、a HANDLE. PHKEY Pointer to an HKEY. PINT Pointer to an INT. PLCID Pointer to an LCID. PLONG Pointer to a LONG. PLUID Pointer to a LUID. POINTER_32 32-bit pointer. On a 32-bit system, this is a native pointer. On a 64-bit system, this is a truncated 64-bit pointer. POINTER_64 64-bit pointer. On a 64-

25、bit system, this is a native pointer. On a 32-bit system, this is a sign-extended 32-bit pointer. PSHORT Pointer to a SHORT. PSTR Pointer to a null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts. PTBYTE Pointer to a TBYTE. PTCHAR Pointer

26、to a TCHAR. PTSTR PWSTR if UNICODE is defined, a PSTR otherwise. PTBYTE Pointer to a TBYTE. PTCHAR Pointer to a TCHAR. PTSTR A PWSTR if UNICODE is defined, a PSTR otherwise. PUCHAR Pointer to a UCHAR. PUINT Pointer to a UINT. PULONG Pointer to a ULONG. PUSHORT Pointer to a USHORT. PVOID Pointer to a

27、ny type. PWCHAR Pointer to a WCHAR. PWORD Pointer to a WORD. PWSTR Pointer to a null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts. REGSAM Security access mask for registry key. SC_HANDLE Handle to a service control manager database. For more information, see SCM Handles. SC_LOCK Handle to a service control manager database lock. For more informatio