09年中考英語完型填空全解復(fù)習(xí)策略.ppt

1、完形填空題型分析 武擁喜 石家莊市27中學(xué),VI. 完形填空（共10小題，計(jì)10分） How can you think in English? I think the best way is to practice as what a football player does every day. During the 46 the football player will pass the ball to his teammates over and over again. So he wont have to 47 passing the ball in the game, he wil

2、l just do it. You can 48 yourself to think in English this way. The first step is to think of the words that you use daily, simple everyday words 49 book or shoe or tree. For example, whenever you _50_a “book” you should think of it in English instead of in your mother language. After you have learn

3、ed to think of several words in English, then move on to the next stepthinking in 51 . Listening red repeating is a very useful _52_ to learn a language. Listen first and dont care too much about 53 you fully understand what youre hearing. Try to repeat what you hear. The more you listen, the 54 you

4、 learn. After you reach a higher level, _55 having conversations with yourself in English. This will lead you to think in English.,46. A. practice B. break C. game D. day 47. A. wait for B. think about C. look at D. give up 48. A. allow B. train C. tell D. ask 49. A. in B. aboutC. likeD. from 50. A.

5、 buy B. keep C. borrowD. see 51. A. sentencesB. passages C. lessons D. classes 52. A. idea B. stepC. wayD. pan 53. A. which B. whether C. how D. why 54. A. harder B. less C. laterD. more 55. A. remember B. stop C. start D. finish,46. A47. B48. B49. C50. D 51. A52. C53. B54. D55. C,二、做完形填空題必須具備的基本知識(shí)和

6、能力 1必須掌握基本的英語語言知識(shí) 如詞匯、語法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、詞法運(yùn)用、詞語辨析、固定搭配等知識(shí)。初中階段，根據(jù)大綱要求，須熟練掌握詞匯表(一)中的600個(gè)左右的最常用詞及200個(gè)左右的習(xí)慣用語及固定搭配。語法知識(shí)中，掌握所學(xué)單詞的形態(tài)變化以及各種句法知識(shí)。如有這樣一句子： He down again and still felt terrible. A. lainB. layC. laidD. lied lie一詞有兩層意思，作規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞時(shí)意思多為“說謊”，“欺騙”；不規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞為“平躺”，“臥”的意思，其過去式和過去分詞分別為lay, lain。根據(jù)前后文判斷出該空用“躺”的過去式l

7、ay，所以應(yīng)選B。只有真正熟練掌握這些詞的詞形變化，才能在做完形填空時(shí)運(yùn)用自如。又如： He said he would go to see her as soon as he there. A. getsB. gotC. getD. would get 這是一個(gè)賓語從句中又有時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句。因主句和從句都是過去時(shí)態(tài)，作為從句當(dāng)中的從句，應(yīng)用過去式，即B是正確的。,2要具有分析和推理的能力 完形填空短文中前后句子之間存在著內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，或?yàn)橐蚬?，或互相并列，或表示轉(zhuǎn)折，或表示讓步，或提出條件等等?？忌仨氃谑炀氄莆栈菊Z言知識(shí)的前提下，具備分析、推理、判斷的能力才能選出正確答案。 3應(yīng)

8、具備聯(lián)想的能力 即考生根據(jù)測試題所提供的信息，充分運(yùn)用自己所掌握的各種知識(shí)進(jìn)行合理的想象。,2解題技巧 （1）認(rèn)真對待短文的首句開篇所暗示的信息。通常情況下，第一句是全文意義的精髓所在。它開宗明義，提供一定的答題信息?？忌璐四芘袛辔恼碌捏w裁、形式和內(nèi)容，從而為正確的理解全文內(nèi)容創(chuàng)造條件。 （2）在通讀過程中，如遇空格，不宜操之過急或提筆就做（當(dāng)然遇到比較明顯而有把握的空格時(shí)，可先填上），可將空格看成是一個(gè)生詞，只要意思順當(dāng)，就不要停下來，以形成對文章的整體概念，以免造成“見樹不見林”的錯(cuò)誤。 （3）先易后難，邊讀邊填。完形填空是一篇信息受到較多破壞的短文。在重讀時(shí)，考生應(yīng)本著先易后難的原則，

9、邊讀邊填，把最熟悉、最有把握的空先填上。,下面就解答完形填空題的步驟與技巧舉例說明： Mr Jenkins was born in a small village. His father was too 1 to send him to school. He had to work in the fields with his parents 2 he was young and weak. But they couldnt get enough food and they were often 3 . Sometimes when he was ill, he could only be i

10、n bed. Nobody gave him any 4 . Several years later he left his family, without telling anybody. He came to the city and began to beg from door to door. Later on he saw a little girl 5 at a corner of a building. She lost her way and couldnt find her mother. The young man helped her to 6 her address a

11、nd took her home. Her father, a rich shopkeeper, told him to work in his shop. He 7 everything carefully and did better than his workmates. The shopkeeper liked him and helped him to 8 his own shop. And nearly twenty years passed, Mr Jenkins was one of the richest men in the city. Now the old man li

12、ved a happy life, he was 9 neither food nor clothes. But bad luck! He was ill and the best doctors couldnt 10 him. Of course he was afraid of death. His friends tried to comfort him. Dying, he asked, “I dont know whether the dead live happily in the Heaven or not?” “Im sure they all live happily the

13、re,” answered his friend. “Why?” “None of them would leave there!”,1.A. busy B. free C. poor D. rich 2. A. though B. because C. if D. until 3. A. full B. hungry C. tired D. thirsty 4. A. books B. water C. fruit D. medicine 5. A. laughing B. smiling C. crying D. playing 6. A. write B. loseC. forget D

14、. remember 7. A. studied B. joined C. drew D. received 8.A. sell B. open C. close D. change 9.A. interested in B. afraid of C. surprised at D. worried about 10. A. save B. use C. kill D. operate,分析： 首先，快速閱讀一下全文。目的是為了獲得全文大意，獲得對文章的總體印象。同時(shí)，也明確作者的觀點(diǎn)。這時(shí)，可以忽略文章細(xì)節(jié)，跳過空格，快速瀏覽關(guān)鍵詞句。（現(xiàn)在給大家一分鐘左右的時(shí)快速閱讀本文。）根據(jù)這一步可得

15、知本文的大意為： Mr Jenkins從小家境貧困，后到城市乞討為生，因?yàn)閹椭艘粋€(gè)迷路的小女孩而得到小女孩父親的重用并幫他創(chuàng)辦了自己的商店，使他終于過上了富裕的生活。在他臨死的時(shí)候，他的朋友安慰他，人們都在天堂里高興地生活著。 其次，開始細(xì)讀，試著填空，邊填空邊在上下文中尋找信息。注意前面講過的解題技巧。下面請同學(xué)們自己做一下。（5分鐘左右后進(jìn)行講解） 1他的父親因?yàn)楦F不能送他上學(xué)，所以選C。 2盡管他又小又弱也得幫助他父母在地里干活。though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。所以應(yīng) 選A。 3選擇形容詞，前句說他們得不到足夠的食物，所以應(yīng)是hungry，選B。 4前句說他生病在床，應(yīng)是沒有人給med

16、icine，選D。 5在后文中表明小女孩迷了路，故應(yīng)是crying，選C。 6Mr Jenkins幫助小女孩記起了地址，即remember，選D。 7四個(gè)動(dòng)詞選項(xiàng)的時(shí)態(tài)都正確，只是意思不同。要把對照，studied符合全文的意思， 故選A。 8四個(gè)動(dòng)詞中只有open合適，即小女孩的父親幫他開了自己的商店，選B。 9老人過著幸福的生活，不愁吃穿，即worried about，選D。 10醫(yī)生也救不了他。save正確，選A。 最后，將答案放入原文中，從頭到尾再讀一遍，檢查文章意思是否通暢，是否存在語法錯(cuò)誤等。,四、完形填空常見解題失誤 1詞匯掌握不牢 對一些單詞的詞義、詞性或用法掌握得不夠詳細(xì)，導(dǎo)

17、致在選擇選項(xiàng)時(shí)無所適從。例如： (1) Some students may why there are two“英國”in English, England and Britain? A. wantB. wonderC. knowD. wish 做此題首先應(yīng)清楚四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義：A為“想要”，B為“納悶”、“想知道”，C為“知道”，D為“希望”。然后根據(jù)空白后面的問句確定答案為B。全句意為“有的同學(xué)可能納悶，在英語里為何有兩個(gè)英國，England和Britain?”,(2) He told the doctor that he couldnt sleep _at night. A. good B

18、. wellC. fineD. nice 做此題的關(guān)鍵在于了解選項(xiàng)的詞性。選項(xiàng)A、C、D都是形容詞，選項(xiàng)B多做副詞，做形容詞時(shí)多為“身體好的”。由此判斷答案為B。副詞well在句中作狀語修飾動(dòng)詞sleep。 (3) When they there, it was already dark. A. arrived at B. got C. went toD. to 做此題的關(guān)鍵是要清楚在英語中，介詞后面是不能接副詞的。題中there意為“在那兒”，是副詞；at, to都是介詞，所以排除A、C、D。答案選B。 從以上例題可以看出，對詞義、詞性以及詞的用法的了解不詳都會(huì)影響做題效果。,2忽視文章整體

19、內(nèi)容 不注意從上下文內(nèi)容獲取有用信息，而是只根據(jù)某一句或某個(gè)詞語搭配來判斷選項(xiàng)。完形填空中的正確答案，有時(shí)具有很大的隱蔽性，若不瞻前顧后，很難選擇。例如： Mike walked into a bookstore for .The shop-owner told him that he was unable to help him, as he said later, Mike was too young to be an assistant. A. food B. a bookC. some medicine D. a job 做此題時(shí)不可想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為Mike走進(jìn)一家書店就是為了買書。從后文

20、“店老板不想讓Mike做一名assistant，因?yàn)镸ike太年輕了”可知，Mike是想在一家書店里謀職。所以答案是D。,又如： “Why! Thats the easiest 1 in the world. One and one is two. Anybody knows that. I have two groups of sheep.” Ah Fanti laughed and said, “You are 2 , master. Two groups of sheep put together is 3 one group. Thats the easiest question in

21、 the world”. 1. A. answerB. questionC. fool D. way 2. A. kindB. honestC. right D. wrong 3. A. alsoB. tooC. still D. same 第一題根據(jù)該文最后一句話中的question，可判斷答案為B。 第二題根據(jù)Ah Fanti的話推斷出他正在糾正“master”的說話，可判斷答案為D。 第三題選C，句義為“兩群羊加在一起仍然是一群羊”。,3忽視習(xí)慣搭配與固定句式 例如： (1) Young girls usually much time going to shops for beautiful clothes. A. use B. need C. takeD. spend 若只從含義上考慮，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)似乎都正確。但從習(xí)慣搭配來看，只能用D項(xiàng)。spend(in)doing sth.表示“花時(shí)間做某事”。,(2)