英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法教學(xué)課件：形副.ppt

形容詞和副詞,考 點(diǎn) 分 析 1、形容詞和副詞的基本用法； 2、形容詞和副詞的位置； 3、形容詞和副詞的級(jí)別； 4、常見(jiàn)形容詞和副詞的用法比較。,形容詞的基本用法,1、形容詞的詞義 問(wèn)題1： - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. - Mm, it does have a _ smell. (2002北京) A. pleasant, pleased B. pleased, pleased C. pleasant, pleasant D. pleased, pleasant,D,高考中關(guān)于形容詞的詞義的題考得不少，復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)需密切關(guān)注。該句中 pleased 表示“感到滿意（高興）的”；pleasant 表示“令人滿意（高興）的”。根據(jù)句意不難發(fā)現(xiàn)答案為D。,問(wèn)題2： Their cheerful voice showed that they were having a _ discussion. (1997上海) A. noisy B. serious C. complete D. friendly 問(wèn)題3： If it is quite _ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. （05天津卷） A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable,D,該句中 cheerful 是重要的提示詞，意為“歡快的”。noisy; serious 以及 complete 顯然都與題義無(wú)關(guān)。是形容詞，意為“友好的”，只有它符合題義。,It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 該句型意為：“某人方便（適合）做某事”；一般不說(shuō)“sb. is convenient to do sth.” 其它三個(gè)詞顯然不符合句義。,A,2、后置定語(yǔ)問(wèn)題 問(wèn)題4： All the people _ at the party were his supporters. (02北京) A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important,解析：形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)，要放在名詞的前邊。但是下列情況要后置： proper (本身), present (在場(chǎng)的，出席的), involved (有關(guān)的), concerned (相關(guān)的), left (剩下的), objecting (反對(duì)的), mentioned (提及的), selected (當(dāng)選的)等。 如 the students present (出席的學(xué)生) the cost involved (所需費(fèi)用),A,f.,下列情況也要后置： a. some, any, no, every 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞的修飾語(yǔ)要后 置如： something new; nothing serious; anything interesting b. else 修飾不定代詞和疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)，要后置。如： Nobody else is so silly as you are. c. 不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，分詞短語(yǔ)，介詞短語(yǔ)做定 語(yǔ)要后置。如： Do you still remember the afternoon in the first year at college when the professor gave us a chemistry lesson? d. 以 a- 開(kāi)頭的形容詞做定語(yǔ)要后置如：alike, alive, alone, asleep, afraid, awake 如： He is the only man awake at that time.,鞏固練習(xí)： I cant get a good picture on my TV set. There must be something _ with it. A. bad B. matter C. the matter D. the wrong 2. _ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave 3. There is _ to hold the water. A. nothing big enough B. nothing enough big C. big enough nothing D. enough big nothing,C,C,A,3、以-ly 結(jié)尾的形容詞 問(wèn)題5： What he said sounds _. (1993上海) nicely B. pleasantly C. friendly D. wonderfully,解析：1） 大部分形容詞加-ly 可構(gòu)成副詞。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，manly, timely, worldly (老于世故的) 仍為形容詞。 改錯(cuò)：(錯(cuò)） She sang lovely. （對(duì)） Her singing was lovely. （錯(cuò)） He spoke to me very friendly. （對(duì)） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 結(jié)尾既為形容詞，也為副詞。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. It is published daily.,C,多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞的順序,問(wèn)題1 John Smith, a successful businessman, has a car. （04遼寧） Alarge German white Blarge white German Cwhite large German DGerman large white,多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋?限定詞-數(shù)詞-描繪詞-(大小，長(zhǎng)短，形狀，新舊，顏色) -出處-材料性質(zhì)，類別-名詞 根據(jù)這個(gè)公式，就不難排列出：大小 + 顏色 + 出處，故選擇B。,B,問(wèn)題2: This _ girl is Linds cousin. (05北京卷) A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish 問(wèn)題3：One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old,由“限定詞-數(shù)詞-描繪詞-(大小，長(zhǎng)短，形狀，新舊，顏色) -性質(zhì)-名詞”的公式可知，描繪詞 + 大小 + 出處的順序，最符合答案。,根據(jù)排列順序： 大小、形狀 +年齡+顏色+來(lái)源+質(zhì)地+用途+名詞可選擇A,A,A,常見(jiàn)形容詞的比較,1). worth - worthy - worthwhile 2) alike - like -likely 3) dead - deadly - deathly 4) historic - historical 5) live - lively - alive - living 6) possible - probable- likely 7) valueless -priceless 8) respectable (可敬的、高尚的) - respectful (表示敬意的) A respectable man is respectful to others. 9) healthy (健康的) - healthful (有益于健康的) The air at seaside is healthful to us. So all of us are healthy.,鞏固練習(xí)： The World Cup in France was the biggest _ football match in the world. A. alive B. live C. lively D. living 2. Anyone who has spent time with children knows the difference in the way boys and girls respond (反應(yīng)) to the _ situation. A. likely B. same C. alike D. similar 3. Its _ to rain but not _ before evening. A. possible probable B. probable possible C. possibly probably D. probably possibly,B,D,A,副詞的基本用法,問(wèn)題1：_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. （04上海春季） A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange 問(wèn)題2： Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people? (1995 N) A. such, such B. such, so C. so, so D. so, such,A,B,副詞 enough 要放在形容詞和副詞的后面，形容詞 enough 放在名詞前后都可。,A: 基本句型：such + (a) + adj. + n. ; so + adj. + a + n. B: such 后可加各種名詞，而so后面只能加單數(shù)名詞； C: so 可加 many, much, few, little 等，而such不能。,問(wèn)題3： We dont care if a hunting dog smells _, but we really dont want him to smell _. (1995上海) A. well, well B. bad, bad C. well, badly D. badly, bad 問(wèn)題4： Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. （03全國(guó)卷） Amuch too heavy Btoo much heavy Cheavy too much Dtoo heavy much,C,A,smell 有雙重詞性，作“聞起來(lái)”解是系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)；作“嗅”解是形為動(dòng)詞，后接副詞。該題的干擾項(xiàng)是B，“smells bad” 表示聞起來(lái)很臭，不可能同時(shí)放入兩個(gè)空格。,much too 是副詞，用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞；too much 是名詞或形容詞，可單獨(dú)使用或修飾名詞。,問(wèn)題5： John is very lazy. He falls _ behind in his studies. (05(廣東卷) A. very B. far C. more D. still 問(wèn)題6： Must I turn off the gas after cooking ? Of course . You can never be careful with that . (05江西卷) Aenough Btoo Cso Dvery,B,B,副詞的修飾關(guān)系是現(xiàn)今高考的熱點(diǎn)之一，復(fù)習(xí)中應(yīng)予以足夠的重視。“far behind ”表示“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地掉在后面”。,“can never be too ”是一種固定的表達(dá)方式，意為“越就越好”,常用副詞的比較,問(wèn)題1： It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _ to her mother.( 2002北京) A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing 問(wèn)題2： We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining _. (1996 N) A. badly B. hardly C. strongly D. heavily,A,D,close to 離近，此處 close 是副詞；closely 表示“密切地”，與題意無(wú)關(guān)。,表示 “雨下得大”可用 rain hard; rain heavily 等，不用 badly 或 strongly。表示“刮大風(fēng)”可用 strong wind。hardly 是否定詞，與句意無(wú)關(guān)。,注意下面兼有兩種形式的副詞 close 與 closely close意思是“近”； closely 意思是“仔細(xì)地” He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. late 與 lately late意思是“晚”； lately 意思是“最近” You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? 3) deep 與 deeply deep意思是“深”，表示時(shí)間和空間深度；deeply時(shí)常 表示感情上的深度，“深深地“ He pushed the stick deep into the mud. He often works deep into the night. Even father was deeply moved by the film.,high 與 highly high表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當(dāng)于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. 5) wide 與 widely wide表示空間寬度；widely意思是“廣泛地”，“在許多 地方” He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. 6) free 與 freely free的意思是“免費(fèi)“；freely 的意思是“無(wú)限制地“ You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like.,另外注意下列各組副詞的用法區(qū)別 1) just - just now 2) rather - fairly 3) yet - still - already 4) hard - hardly - rarely - scarcely 5) such a + adj. + n. - so + adj. + a + n. 6) most - mostly - almost 7) especially - specially 8) every day - everyday 9) sometime - sometimes -some time,鞏固練習(xí)： Its always difficult being in a foreign country, _ if you dont speak the language. A. Extremely B. naturally C. basically D. especially 2. Would you be _ do me a favor? A. kind enough B. so kind as to C. so kind to D. kind as to 3. The guide told us that he would organize some businessmen from abroad to have a tour _ the next month. A. some time B. sometime C. some times D. sometimes 4. It is _ that his English is _ perfect. A. sure very B. right rather C. exact fairly D. certain quite,D,B,B,D,形容詞和副詞的級(jí)別,1、as as 結(jié)構(gòu) 問(wèn)題1： John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself. （05安徽卷） (B) A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as 問(wèn)題2： What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is _ it is long. （05湖北卷） Ahalf not as wide as Bwide not as half as Cnot half as wide as Das wide as not half,B,C,as tall as “高達(dá)”, five foot eight = five feet eight inches,as wide as 是比較，所以倍數(shù)詞應(yīng)放在前面。,說(shuō)明： 1）在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中可用so as。 He cannot run so/as fast as you. 2）當(dāng)as as 中間有名詞時(shí)采用以下格式。 as +形容詞+ a +單數(shù)名詞 as + many/much +名詞 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can 3）用表示倍數(shù)的詞或其他程度副詞做修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在as的 前面。 This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine.,4) 倍數(shù)+ the + n + of 倍數(shù)+ as + adj. + as This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times the length of that one. Your room is twice as large as mine. Your room is twice the size of mine. 5) 數(shù)量詞 + senior / junior + to He is seven years senior to his wife. I am three years junior to my elder sister.,、 more than 結(jié)構(gòu) 問(wèn)題1：Is your headache getting _? No, its worse. （05全國(guó)卷3） Abetter Bbad Cless Dwell 問(wèn)題2： Mr. Smith owns _ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met. （05山東卷） A. larger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large 問(wèn)題3： The number of people present at the concert was _ than expected. There were many tickets left. （04福建） Amuch smaller Bmuch more Cmuch larger Dmany more,A,B,A,問(wèn)題4： The dictionary gave me a better offer than _. (1999 上海) A. that of Dicks B. Dicks C. he gave Dick D. those of Dick 問(wèn)題5： Youre standing too near the camera. Can you move _? (2000 上海) A. a bit far B. a little farther C. a bit of farther D. a little far 問(wèn)題6： In that case, there is nothing you can do _ than wait. (2001 北京春季) A. more B. other C. better D. any,C,B,B,1）要避免重復(fù)使用比較級(jí)。 (錯(cuò)) He is more cleverer than his brother. (對(duì)) He is cleverer than his brother. 2）要避免將主語(yǔ)含在比較對(duì)象中。 (錯(cuò)) China is larger that any country in Asia. (對(duì)) China is larger than any other country in Asia. 3）要注意對(duì)應(yīng)句型，遵循前后一致的原則。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4）程度詞 a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even 等詞可修飾比較級(jí)。除 外，還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語(yǔ)。以 上詞 (除by far) 外，必須置于比較級(jí)形容詞或副詞的前 面。而 by far 一般置于比較級(jí)之后和最高級(jí)之前。,、of the two 結(jié)構(gòu) 問(wèn)題1： Of the two shirts, Id like to choose _ one. (94 上海) A. the less expensive B. the most expensive C. less expensive D. most expensive 問(wèn)題2： If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was _ choice. (95 上海) A. good B. the best C. better D. the better,說(shuō)明：在 of the two 結(jié)構(gòu)中，比較級(jí)前要加 the，但如果不在 of the two 結(jié)構(gòu)中，要注意冠詞的使用。后有名詞的時(shí)候，前面才有可能有冠詞。 比較：Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.,A,D,4、the + 最高級(jí) + 比較范圍 問(wèn)題1：David has won the first prize in singing; he is still very excited now and feels_ desire to go to bed. (05江蘇卷) A. the most B. more C. worse D. the least 問(wèn)題2： Greenland, _ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometers. (2000 上海) A. it is the largest B. that is the largest C. is the largest D. the largest,D,D,1)形容詞最高級(jí)前必須用定冠