初二上冊英語語法知識點總結(jié).doc

_新目標(biāo)八年級（上）英語復(fù)習(xí)提綱Unit 1: How often do you exercise?【語言目標(biāo)】What do you usually do on weekends? I sometimes go to the beachHow often do you eat vegetables? Every day. Most students do homework every day. 【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1. go to the movies 去看電影 2. look after = take care of 照顧 3. surf the internet 上網(wǎng) 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5. go skate boarding 去劃板 6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康 7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports鍛煉 8. eating habits 飲食習(xí)慣9. take more exercise 做更多的運動 10. the same as 與什么相同 11. be different from 不同 12. once a month一月一次13. twice a week一周兩次 14. make a difference to 對什么有影響 15. how often 多久一次 16. although = though雖然 17. most of the students=most students 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 購物19. as for至于 20. activity survey活動調(diào)查 21. do homework做家庭作業(yè) 22. do house work做家務(wù)事 23. eat less meat吃更少的肉 24. junk food垃圾食物 25. be good for 對什么有益 26. be bad for對什么有害27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事29. try to do sth 盡量做某事 30. come home from school放學(xué)回家31. of course = certainly = sure當(dāng)然 32. get good grades取得好成績 33. some advice 34. hardly=not nearly / almost not幾乎不35. keep/be in good health保持健康 36.be stressed緊張的，有壓力的37. take a vacation 去度假 48.get back 回來【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1.How often do you exercise? 你（你們）多久鍛煉一次身體？ How often + 助動詞do(does或did) + 主語 + do sth.? 疑問詞how often是問頻率(多久一次),（在這里助動詞do(does或did) 是起幫助構(gòu)成疑問的作用）與一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時連用，回答一般是用表示頻率的副詞，如：once, twice, three times, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month 等。 2. “What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.”“周末你通常做什么？”“我通常踢足球?！钡谝粋€do為助動詞, 在這起幫助構(gòu)成疑問的作用；而第二個do則是實義動詞。 3. “Whats your favorite program?” “Its Animal World.” “你最喜歡什么節(jié)目？”“動物世界?！?. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for.意思是“至于；關(guān)于”，常用于句首作狀語，其后跟名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式（即動名詞）。5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”； want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。6. She says its good for my health.be good for.表示“對有益（有好處）”;其反義為：be bad for.。（這里for 是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞）7. How many hours do you sleep every night?8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .9. My eating habits are pretty good .pretty相當(dāng)于very 。10. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week . try to do sth.表示“ 盡力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思而try doing sth.表示“（用某一辦法）試著去做某事”。11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事12. Good food and exercise help me to study better. better是well的比較級，而不是good的比較級13. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? =Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as / be different from 14. What sports do you play ? 15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy16. You must try to eat less meat .try to do sth.表示“ 盡力做某事 ” ,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比較級17. That sounds interesting.這是“主語+系動詞+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡單句。sound（聽起來），look（看起來），smell（聞起來），taste（嘗起來），feel（覺得），seem（好象），grow（變得）,get（變得）等詞在英語中可用作系動詞，后跟形容詞作表語。Unit 2 Whats the matter?【語言目標(biāo)】Whats the matter? I have a headache.You should drink some tea. The sounds like a good idea.I have a sore back. Thats too bad . I hope you feel better soon. 【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1. Have a cold 感冒 2. sore back 背痛 3. neck and neck 并駕齊驅(qū)，齊頭并進(jìn) 4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛 = I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach= My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach5. Whats the matter? 怎么了？ = Whats the trouble (with you)? = Whats your trouble?= Whats wrong (with you)? = What the matter (with you)? =What has happened to you? = Is there anything wrong (with you)? = whats up?6. sore throat 咽喉痛 7. lie down and rest 躺下休息 8. see a dentist 看牙醫(yī) 9. drink lots of water 多喝水 10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶 11.Thats a good idea 好主意12.Thats too bad 太糟糕了 13.I think so 我認(rèn)為如此14. Im not feeling well. 我覺得不太舒服 = Im not feeling fine/all right. = Im feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad. = I dont feel well.15. get some rest 多休息 16. I have no idea = I dont know 我不知道17. stressed out 筋疲力盡 18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 20. traditional Chinese doctors傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)21. a balance of yin and yang陰陽調(diào)和 22. you have too much yin.你陰氣太盛23. to eat a balance diet飲食平衡 24. healthy food 健康食品25. stay healthy 保持健康 = keep healthy = keep in good health = keep fit 26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself反身代詞) 玩得高興，過得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time = have fun27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名詞)喜歡某物, enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事=like dong sth practice doing sth.練習(xí)做某事， mind doing sth. 介意做某事， finish doing sth.完成某事， give up doing sth.放棄做某事， cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事，keep ding sth. 堅持做某事. （keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. ） be busy doing sth. 忙著做某事 be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事make a contribution to doing sth.為.做貢獻(xiàn) go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事forget doing sth.忘記做某事 remember doing sth. 記得做某事spend.(in) doing sth. 花（時間）來做某事prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起（做.）來更愿意（做.） 28. at the moment = now 此刻 29. Host family 東道家庭 30. Conversation practice會話練習(xí) 31. Im sorry to hear that.聽到此事我很難過【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1 Whats the matter? I have a bad cold. 2Maybe you should see a dentist. 3I hope you feel better soon. 4Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 5Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this. 6People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.7Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and its important to eat a balanced diet. 8When you are tired, you shouldnt go out at night. 9I believe him, but I cant believe in him.10I am not feeling very well at the moment. Im tired and I have a lot of headaches. 11Im stressed out because my Mandarin isnt improving. 12I practice playing the piano every day. 13She had finished writing the letter when I went in. 14The doctor asked him to give up smoking. 15Do you mind closing the window? 16Mary couldnt help laughing at his jokes. 17They kept working though it was raining. Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?【語言目標(biāo)】 What are you doing for vacation? Im spending time with my friends. When are you going? Im going next week.How long are you staying? Were staying for two weeks.【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1. babysit ones sister 照顧妹妹 2. visit ones grandmother 看望奶奶 3. spend time with friends 和朋友們一起度過時光 4. visit cousins 看望表弟等 5. go to sports camp 去運動野營 6. o to the beach 去海灘 7. go camping 去野營 8. Go shopping 去買東西 9. go swimming 去游泳 10. go boating去劃船 11. go skating 去溜冰 12. go walking去散步 13. go climbing 去登山 14. go dancing去跳舞 15. go hiking 去徒步遠(yuǎn)足 16. go sightseeing 去觀光 17. go house-hunting 去找房子 18. o on a hike 徒步旅行， go bike riding 騎自行車旅行， go fishing 去釣魚 19. do some shopping 買東西 20. do some washing 洗衣服 21. do some cooking 作飯 22. do some reading 讀書 23. do some speaking訓(xùn)練口語 24. do some sewing 做縫紉活25. that sounds nice 那好極了 26. at home 在家27. how about=what about 怎么樣？ 28. how long 多長時間 29. how far 多遠(yuǎn) 30. how often 多長時間一次31. how much, how many 多少 32. have a good time =have fun= have a wonderful time= enjoy oneself 玩得高興，過得愉快 33. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.出示某物給某人看 give me the book=give the book to me 給我書，pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子遞給我，sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子賣給我 buy me a book =buy a book for me 給我買書，make me a cake = make a cake for me給我做蛋糕 34. get back=come back回來 35. rent videos租借影碟 36. take walks=go for a walk散步 37. think about 考慮 38. decide on= decide upon決定一個計劃 39. something different 不同的事情40a great vacation 一個愉快的假期 41. I cant wait 我等不及了42. the famous movie star 著名的影星 43. an exciting vacation 激動人心的假期 44. Ask her about her plans 向她詢問她的計劃 ask sb. about sth.向某人詢問某事45. forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事 【應(yīng)該掌握的句子】1What are you doing for vacation? Im babysitting my sister.2Who are you going with? Im going with my parents.3When is he going camping? He is going on the 12th of February, 2005.4Im going to Tibet for a week. 5What are you doing there? Im going hiking in the mountains.6Show me your photos when we get back to school. 7Where are you going for vacation? Im going to Hawaii for vacation. 8What is it like there? 11. He thought about going to Greece or Spain, but decided on Canada. 12. He is leaving the first week in June and staying until September. 13. Please dont forget to close the door when you leave.14She couldnt wait to get home to see he parents.Unit 4 How do you get to school?【語言目標(biāo)】How do you get to school? I take the bus.How long does it take? It takes 20 minutes.How far is it? Its 10 miles. 【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1. get to school 到校 2. get home 到家 3. how about=what about .怎么樣？ 4. take the subway 乘地鐵 5. ride a bike 騎自行車 6. take the bus乘公共汽車7. take the train乘火車 8. take a taxi乘坐出租車 9. go in a parents car 坐父母的車10. by bike, bike bus, by subway, by taxi, by car, by train (乘坐車，放在句尾)11. have a quick breakfast 迅速吃早飯 12. the early bus 早班車 13. how far多遠(yuǎn) 14. take sb. to sp.帶某人到某處 15. doing sth. takes sb. Some time/ money=It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.=sb. spends some time/money (on sth.)=sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth.=sth. costs sb. some time/money=sb. pay some money for sth.花費某人多少時間/金錢做某事/某人花費多少金錢/時間做某事16. bus stop公共汽車站 ，train station火車站， subway station地鐵站， bus station客運站 17. want to do sth.想做某事 18. walk to school 步行上學(xué) 19. in North America 在北美 20. in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地區(qū) 21. depend on=depend upon 依靠，靠決定 22. not all 不是所有的 23. need to do sth.需要做某事 24. number of students學(xué)生數(shù) 25. a number of=many 許多 number前可用large, great, small修飾其謂語是復(fù)數(shù)26. the number of.的數(shù)量，謂語是單數(shù) 27. dont worry(about sth./sb.)別著急(為某人/事?lián)?8. around the world= all over the world世界各地，全世界【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1. How do you get to school? I walk to school.你是怎樣到校的？我步行。 2. How about the white shirt? 這件白襯衫怎么樣？ 3. I usually walk but sometimes I take the bus.我通常步行，但有時坐公共汽車。 4. How long does it take you to get to school? It takes about 10 minutes to walk and 15 minutes by bus.你需要多長時間到校？步行大約10分鐘，乘汽車15分鐘。 5. How far is it from his home to school? About 10 kilometers. 從他家到學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)？大約10公里。 6. Lin Feis home is about 10 kilometers from school.林飛的家離學(xué)校大約10公里 7. He leaves for school at around six-thirty. 他大約在6點30分動身去學(xué)校。 8. Then the early bus takes him to school.然后，他乘坐早班車到學(xué)校。 9. Thomas wants to know where Nina lives.托馬斯想要知道尼娜住在哪里。 10. In Japan, most students take trains to school, although others also walk or ride their bikes. 在日本，大部分學(xué)生乘坐火車上學(xué)，盡管其他人也步行或騎自行車。 11. A small number of students take the subway to school. 小部分學(xué)生乘坐地鐵上學(xué) 12. What do you think of the transportation in your town? 你對你們鎮(zhèn)的交通認(rèn)為怎么樣？ 13. She is dead but her memory still lives on.她雖然死了，但人們?nèi)匀粦涯钏?。Unit 5 Can you come to my party?【語言目標(biāo)】Can you come to my birthday party? Yes, Id love to. /Sorry, I cant .I have to study for a test.Im sorry. Im playing soccer on Saturday.When is the party? Its at seven-thirty.【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1. come to ones party 參加某人的聚會 2. on Saturday afternoon 在星期六的下午 3. Id love to 我非常樂意 4. Im sorry 對不起5. study for a test為測驗而學(xué)習(xí) 6. go to the doctor 去看醫(yī)生 7. visit ones aunt 看望某人的姑姑 8. have a piano lesson 上一堂鋼琴課 10. too much homework 太多家庭作業(yè) 11. much too interesting 有趣得多 12. maybe another time 也許下一次吧 13.Thanks for asking（inviting）謝謝邀請 14. go to the baseball game 參加棒球比賽 15. Birthday Party 生日聚會 16. go to the mall 去購物中心 17. soccer practice 足球練習(xí) 18. look for 尋找 19. find out 找到，弄清楚，查明 20. study for the math test 為數(shù)學(xué)考試而學(xué)習(xí) 21. play tennis with me 和我一起打網(wǎng)球 22. I have a really busy week 我一周很忙 23. football match足球比賽 24. my cousins birthday party 我表弟的生日聚會 25. write soon 盡快回信 26. study for my science test 為科學(xué)考試而學(xué)習(xí)27. 給某人打電話的幾種說法：call sb. up, call sb. phone sb., phone to sb. telephone sb. telephone to sb.phone sb. up,ring sb. give sb. a ring, give sb. a phonemake a telephone call to sb.28. on Thursday night 星期四晚上 29. be (go) on vacation 度假 30. next week下周 31. join sb.加入某人一起32. Please keep quiet! 請保持安靜, keep+形容詞表示“保持某種狀態(tài)”， keep+(sb.)+doing 表示“（使某人）不停地做某事”， keep sth. 保存某物34. culture club 文化俱樂部 35. try to do sth. 努力（企圖）做某事,try doing sth.試著做某事,try one best to do sth. 盡力做某事 【應(yīng)掌握的句子】1. Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon? Sure, Id love to. 2. May I ask you some questions? Sure. / Of course. /Certainly. 3. I would love to go to your party. 4. She isnt very well these days and has to stay home. 5. We can learn what we did not know. 6. Thank you for inviting me. =Thanks for asking (having, inviting) 7. Maybe another time. 8. Can she go to the movies? No, she cant. Shes playing soccer. 9. Read these dialogues and find out about another kind of football. 10. She and I are both studentsUnit 6 Im more outgoing than my sister.【語言目標(biāo)】Is that Sam? No, thats Tom, He has shorter hair than Sam. Hes calmer than Sam.【應(yīng)掌握的詞組】1. long hair 長頭發(fā) 2. How are you? 你身體好嗎？3. How old 多大年紀(jì) 4. how tall 多高 5. how long ago多久前（的事） 6.more outgoing 比較外向7. want/plan to do sth. 意欲，企圖 8. here are photos of me 這是我的照片9. as you can see 正如你所看到的 10. in some ways在某些地方 11. we look the same我們看起來一樣， They look different他們看起來不同 12. the same to 多是一樣的 13. quite the same 完全一樣 14. all the same 還是， 同樣應(yīng) 15. look like 看起來像.一樣，而look same 看起來很像16. go to lots of parties經(jīng)常參加聚會=often go to the party 17. a little taller 高一點 18. take sth. from sth. 從某處拿/取出某物 19. put sth. in sth. 將某物放入某物中 20. make a list of 列出清單 21. has cool clothes 有漂亮的衣服 22. is popular in school 在學(xué)校受歡迎 23. is good at sports 擅長體育 24. make me laugh 使我發(fā)笑25. thats not very important for me 那對我來說并不重要 ( be impo