外文翻譯--EFI燃油系統(tǒng)

附 錄 附錄 A 英文文獻(xiàn)與中文參考翻譯 In the 1970s introduced electronic controls fuel injection system with high performance, it can meet the modern automobile to except the strict request discharge, saving, increase in power, to improve performance and many other aspects accelerating its advantages, gradually replacing carburetor and extensive use, is the inevitable trend of the future. In EFI system, a fuel common faults mainly has: the ignition switch, pump, oil pump does not turn the oil pipeline, not too high or too low, hydraulic injection fuel nozzle nozzle, no oil leakage or drops of oil, fuel nozzle and tubing connection or the intake manifold junction leakage, and cold start-up nozzle doesnt work, etc. The following simple introduction of these faults and eliminate. (1) oil pump oil or not The ignition switch, pump can turn or pump oil, the main causes of the following: (1) if the engine running, because the air flow has not moved, and the impeller of it is not connected to pump switches to L (EFI system), or distributor in speed signal transmission to the electronic controller (ECU) (EFI system for D) : 2) pump drive circuit relay or main contactor relays disconnect circuit breakers, or coil ablation, 3) pump power input, or the power plug contact undesirable conductor disconnected, 4) pump brush, brush spring break or wear loses elasticity: 5) of the armature winding burning oil: 6) pump wheels stuck. For this failure, should press following method for checking and removing: check whether the oil pump, electric in through the ignition switch engine running, not after the press the pump drive circuit switch, such as oil pump check and its driving circuit itself without fault, pump should be able to turn and oil pump. If pump, should first turn not check whether the power plug pump, or loose wires connecting the disconnect, this is the most common causes of malfunction, also more easily. Further, including driving circuit can check to the failure of the ignition switch, fuse is, the relay, power supplies, and such as relays disconnect the plug and wires connecting them. The relay contacts ablation, electromagnetic winding drive circuit broken will affect the burn, pump can rotate. If contact ablation is not serious, can repair, or by burnish should replacement parts. F inal inspection pump itself, can use digital multimeter measurement of the oil pump motor armature, normally its resistance to 12 15n, if the measurement result is somewhat larger, probably due to plug, attachment areas such as poor contact, or brush wear. If the measured value is infinite, you must have been burned armature winding is broken. Because of the pump is whole package, cannot open repair, so should be replaced. After the examination, and in different parts of the normal circumstance, still appear likely engine running, dont turn pump is due to the air flow pump switches have caused by fault, switch contact undesirable, can cause failure attachment breakers. Through the inspection pump switches, easily find fault. (2) pump rotation but not pump oil Pump rotation but not pump oil, mainly composed of the following reasons: 1) the pump pressure valves, or stuck roof-floor valve spring break, make discharging pressure valves, pumps have often open the oil pump flow back, but only to the tank can pump pressure pipe in fuel, 2) of the oil pump fitting stuck out of oil pump, not by pressing pressure oil pressure valves only by return tank, 3) the pump JinYou blocked, or JinYou mesh seere blockages, make the pump suction resistance due to too much and cannot pump out fuel, 4) pump impeller and pump shell with serious wear, mutual exist great gap, cannot be fuel pump. To avoid this problem, should strictly in accordance with the requirements of operation and maintenance, cleaning, cleaning tank on screen, avo id jam phenomenon. To check or discharging pressure valves, slight delay card can use the method to eliminate keystrokes and vibration. If you have severe worn or damaged parts of the situation, it should be replaced pump. (3) fuel pressure low From the oil pump output to fuel pressure should be 0.27-0.30 MPa. Low pressure will seriously affect the fuel injection quantity measurement, to reduce power down, causing difficulty, starting to engine performance. Low pressure caused by the reasons for oil pump, valve, pressure from 0 - or - to valve leakage, JinYou filter clogging pump impeller and, wear, and fuel filters in oil, are the factors should be taken into consideration. Another to consider is the regulator, if the voltage regulator, the diaphragm spring is damaged, soft, seating damage caused by oil pressure will be low. If the above situation, should replace the regulator. (4) fuel pressure is too high Pressure regulator is caused by excessive stiffness spring is the main reason for the high pressure difference, if the standard with excessive, will make the injection quantity, causing the mixture, now should replace pressure regulator. In addition, pressure regulator and the intake manifold connection pipe leakage, make its cannot feel intake manifold vacuum, will cause the compensating mixture too thick. Through the careful installation of connection lines and often check, can avoid such failure. (5) cold start-up nozzles.such work Check whether the cold start nozzle can work normally, it should be removed from the inlet connection, with the special tools to coiled tubing connection with the cold start nozzle together, reoccupy interconnects socket and special tools to both the battery. Note battery anode, positive line only even in my hand, and in a very short time point of contact battery anode piles, if the cold start nozzle is good, it will be a brief jet fuel. Otherwise, shall check the cold start nozzle, main is to check whether the magnetic coil. Using a multimeter to check the magnetic coil, the resistance should be in 3-5 , if the resistance, that the magnetic coil is burning. If the cold start nozzle is good, but do not spray, should check whether the normal temperature switches. Using the multimeter to test its two ends, wiring resistance should be 20-50 , if reach 50-60 that its internal contacts have closed loop, nozzle coil current, cause not spray. Note that if the environment temperature over 40 C, the temperature of the time switch contacts open attribute normal phenomenon. 參考譯文： 20 世紀(jì) 70 年代推出的電子 控制燃料噴射系統(tǒng)具有優(yōu)良的性能，它除了可以滿足現(xiàn)代汽車對排放 、 節(jié)油的嚴(yán)格要求外 ， 還在增大功率 、 改善加速性能等許多方面具有優(yōu)勢 ， 其逐步取代化油器而廣泛使用 ， 是今后的必然趨勢 。 在 EFI 燃油系統(tǒng)中 ， 較常見的故障主要有 ： 點火開關(guān)接通后 ， 油泵不轉(zhuǎn)動 、油泵不泵油 、 管路中的油壓過高或過低 、 燃油噴嘴不噴油 、 燃油噴嘴滲油或滴油、燃油噴嘴與油管連接處或進(jìn)氣歧管連接處漏油 ， 以及冷起動噴嘴不工作等 。 下面簡單介紹這些故障的分析及排除 。 （ 1）油泵不轉(zhuǎn)或不泵油 點火開關(guān)接通后，油泵不能轉(zhuǎn)動或不泵油，主要由下列原因造成： 1)若發(fā)動機(jī)尚 未運行，因空氣流量計葉輪未動，使與它聯(lián)動的油泵開關(guān)未被接通 (對 L 型EFI 系統(tǒng) )，或分電器中無轉(zhuǎn)速信號輸送到電子控制器 (ECU)中去 (對 D 型 EFI 系統(tǒng) )： 2)油泵驅(qū)動電路主繼電器或電路斷開繼電器的觸頭燒蝕，或線圈斷路； 3)油泵的電源輸入插頭接觸不良，或電源導(dǎo)線斷開； 4)油泵的電刷磨損，電刷彈簧斷裂或失去彈性： 5)油泵的電樞線圈燒斷； 6)泵輪卡住。對于這一故障，應(yīng)按如下方法進(jìn)行檢查和排除：為了檢查電動油泵是否良好，在接通點火開關(guān)后發(fā)動機(jī)尚未運行時，按下油泵驅(qū)動電路中的油泵檢查開關(guān)，如油泵本身和它的驅(qū)動電路沒有故 障，油泵應(yīng)能轉(zhuǎn)動和泵油。如果油泵不轉(zhuǎn)，應(yīng)首先檢查油泵的電源插頭是否松動，連接導(dǎo)線有無斷開之處，這是最為常見的故障根源，排除也比較容易。進(jìn)一步可檢查驅(qū)動電路，其中易發(fā)生故障的是點火開關(guān)、熔斷絲、主繼電器、電源斷開繼電器等部件，以及連接它們的插頭和導(dǎo)線。繼電器的觸頭燒蝕、電磁線圈燒斷都會影響驅(qū)動回路，使油泵不能轉(zhuǎn)動。若觸點燒蝕不嚴(yán)重，可以通過打磨進(jìn)行修復(fù)，否則應(yīng)更換部件。最后檢查油泵本身，可使用數(shù)字萬用表測量油泵電機(jī)的電樞，正常情況下它的電阻為 12 15n，如果測量結(jié)果略大一些，可能是由于插頭、連線等部位接觸不 良，或電刷磨損所致。若測量值為無窮大，則必然是電樞線圈已被燒斷。由于油泵是整體封裝的形式，無法拆開修理，因此應(yīng)予更換。經(jīng)上述檢查后，在各部分均正常的情況下，仍有可能出現(xiàn)發(fā)動機(jī)運行時油泵不轉(zhuǎn)的情況，這是由于空氣流量計中的油泵開關(guān)有故障所致，開關(guān)接觸不良，連線斷路等都會造成故障。通過檢查油泵開關(guān)連線，可以比較容易地發(fā)現(xiàn)故障。 （ 2）油泵轉(zhuǎn)動但不泵油 油泵轉(zhuǎn)動但是不泵油，主要由如下原因造成： 1)油泵的卸壓閥被卡住，或卸壓閥彈簧折斷，使卸壓閥常開，油泵所泵的油只是流回到油箱，而不能泵壓到燃油管道中； 2)油泵出油口的 單向閥被卡住不能出油，通過泵輪被加壓的壓力油只能經(jīng)卸壓閥流回油箱； 3)油泵的進(jìn)油口堵塞，或進(jìn)油濾網(wǎng)嚴(yán)重堵塞，使油泵由于吸入阻力太大而不能泵出燃油； 4)油泵的葉輪和泵殼由于嚴(yán)重的磨損，相互間存在著很大的間隙，無