外文翻譯--倉儲管理.doc

英文原文From the perspective of modern logistics systems, storage is an important part of logistics is the logistics system, distribution center, hoping for effective logistics warehouse here, scientific management and control, so that the logistics system more smoothly, more reasonable to run. In this paper, the importance of starting from the warehouse, combining theory and practice, through an enterprise storage and logistics activities in the space and cargo space to analyze how the activities in the warehouse through the space and cargo space management to improve storage efficiency, reduce storage costs. Case Background: Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. of a storage management. A Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. located in Guangdong Huizhou Jinyuan Industrial Zone, which was established in 1998, is a professional lighting devices and electrical equipment manufacturers, it is the industrys leading enterprises. With excellent product quality, excellent service, the access to the customers extensive approval and praise. In order to adapt to the new form of strategic development needs, the Companys existing network of integrated customer relationship, across the country set up the 35 operations centers, improve the companys supply chain, logistics, warehousing and distribution systems and customer service system. The company is headquartered Total finished goods warehouse 3, namely a set of finished products warehouse, finished products and finished second group of three storage warehouses. They are based on different types of products in different product sub-warehouses: one product a warehouse on the first floor is to facilitate the shipment into, so it is relatively types of goods stored there are more point, such as lamp, lamp panel and so on. And all of the export goods are stored in a group. Finished second group is mainly warehouse track lights, metal halide lamp, T4 lamp, T5 lamp and light. The companys several light sources are stored in the warehouse two groups finished. Three major stored product warehouse specific grid lamps, ceiling lamps, track lights, and some other companies products. 1 An analysis of warehouse storage space Warehouse storage systems main elements include storage space, goods, personnel and equipment and other factors. Storage is the storage of the core functions and key links, storage area plan is reasonable or not directly affect the operational efficiency of warehouse and storage capacity. Therefore, the effective use of storage space as warehouse management is one important factor of good or bad. The companys products sell well. Frequency of a large warehouse storage, goods flow also great. The companys warehouse space layout is stored on the shelves of goods, three-dimensional space utilization is not high, so hes warehouse is not very high degree of mechanization, storage, only forklifts, including hand trucks and electric forklift. Warehouse operation methods, generally with a forklift, rarely manpower for the receipt of goods, which are materials used to send and receive cards, every time shipping and receiving cards will be done in the send and receive registration materials, so we usually check very convenient goods such as some of the follow-up results from the present work seems to still relatively high efficiency, operation is quite easy. So the whole way of operating the companys warehouse is quite reasonable. The warehouse usually because the storage space is often not enough and the goods stored in the work space position. Particularly in the sales season, the warehouse storage products especially crowded, working up inside people feel a little depressed feeling. So not very reasonable storage operating environment. The warehouse, data storage costs a statistical look fairly reasonable, because it costs very little equipment, fixed storage cost is not very high, while the storage cost is the cost of the class structure, so storage costs are therefore not very high. Storage warehouse for storage of goods that is as functional space. Storage space = potential use of physical space + space + space + operations useless space. Physical space, which means the goods were in fact occupied the space. The companys warehouse, its physical space accounted for 75% of the warehouse; the potential use of space accounted for 10%; work space and accounts for about 10% as the companys warehouse mechanization is not high, so a small point of space does not work What effect, its security is also essential to meet the requirements intermittent; his useless space accounted for about 5%. On the whole, the warehouse space utilization is high, there is a little crowded phenomenon. Analysis: the relative reduction should be the use of some physical space to increase the number of intermittent operations such as space, safety of space use. In addition, space and vertical space from the plane of view, the level of space has been put to good use, but the use of vertical space is not high, it can be considered top shelf, or high-level automatic three-dimensional shelf, to make better use of vertical space. 2 rack management analysis Rack management refers to the goods into warehouse, on the goods handling, how to put, place, etc. where a reasonable and effective planning and management. The disposal of goods, how to place, mainly by the strategic decision taken by the storage of goods of a specific storage location, will have to combine the principles of location assignment related to the decision. The companys warehouse storage rack management approach is used in positioning guidelines to follow. Positioning refers to each type of storage or storage of goods are fixed for each cargo space, cargo space of goods can not be interoperable. Therefore, when planning cargo space, cargo space for each volume of goods shall not be less than the possible maximum amount in the bank. However, in actual operation, the positioning of different storage conditions generally done in accordance with appropriate adjustments, it will make changes based on the actual situation. Cargo space in the warehouse management in the work by the staff of the company, combining theory with practice, carried out positioning, fixed-point, quantitative management principles, therefore, Ta cargo-bit capability is not Quanbu Anzhaozuida conducted in the library volume positioning, as the companys products belong to relatively large seasonal variations in the product, if the maximum amount set in the library space utilization will fall to the warehouse, so wastage of resources. - As all the libraries in the digital warehouse are stored with the principles of positioning, in accordance with the current situation of the companys warehouse, all use the principle of positioning is not very reasonable storage should be in accordance with the different characteristics of products and storage requirements, the product classification For important product, a small number of products used variety store positioning. And because almost all of the companys products feature the same features they are not mutually exclusive, this product features from the point of view is they could be put together randomly. In addition, the companys warehouse management, distribution of cargo spaces You are also a number of principles: (1) FIFO principle, Ji is the ancestor of goods, first-out library library principles, the principles generally applicable to a short life cycle of goods. (2) the principle of facing channel, referring to the goods of the mark, name the face of passageways so that the operator can easily simple identification, it allows the retention of goods, access to easy and efficient manner, which is to the warehouse to be fluent in the basic principles of operation. (3) weight characteristics of the principle, meaning that according to the weight of different goods to determine the level of goods in the storage location of places. In general, the weight should be kept on the ground or the lower shelf position, light goods were kept in the upper shelf location. In the case of manual handling operations carried out when the people of waist height for the custody of heavy or large items, while above the waist height of the light used to keep the goods or small items. This principle, the use of the safety and shelf manual handling operations have great significance. According to this principle, the companys warehouse stocking on the use of the fruit picking type. In this way, the storage requirements of the companys present situation is very reasonable, but also for staff is also very convenient. In the specific cargo space management process, we can see that the above description: they still use more modern management methods and principles. These methods and principles. For most of the more traditional business management for storage or a more scientific and reasonable. Of course, in the management of the process there will be issues, such as operation in practice, some operators do not pay attention, not careful, careless also makes some of the principles of our implementation is not good enough. In the companys product sales, and warehouse management appears cargo space confusion, some products will be stored in the operating channel and the secure channel, so that is not conducive to our operations, warehouse operations particularly affect the safety of personnel, there are security risks. Because these problems often are especially prominent when the season, so these problems, the author suggested that some of the goods stored in the open yard, but the time to do well in the storage protection. 3 proposed ABC Classified Management Applications To conduct an effective inventory management and control, we must first sort of inventory, only then can we better manage the goods and control. Therefore, I analyzed that in the original storage facilities under the same conditions, using ABC classification of goods for the implementation and management. This can effectively use the original storage space and cargo space. Through the analysis of goods to identify the primary and secondary, classification queue. According to Barrett curve reveals the critical few and minor majority rule should be applied in the management. Therefore, in accordance with product value, sales, shortage cost, or order in advance of other indicators to classify the product. A class of products which are the highest value of inventory, general inventory of its total inventory of 15%, while the value of it is accounted for 70% 80%; B products are middle of the stock value of these species 30% of the total inventory value of the total value of 15% to 25%; while the C class product is the value of the bottom of the inventory, its value is only 5% of the total value, but it accounts for the total inventory stocks 55%. Storage can be classified by goods and different products for each type of different management strategies developed to implement different control measures. In the management process, the products for A to require warehousing products are all everyday to inspect and inventory, the operation should be careful, can significantly embodiment up such products other products Butong between, were the focus of management; on B products, managed by sub-key can be 2 to 3 days to inspect and inventory. At the same time, do not neglect the management of products on the C, C products every week to conduct an inspection and inventory. We know from the analysis, storage operations, space, cargo space and its scientific and rational management is an important part of warehouse management, warehousing costs also affect the cost of important factors. Through practical examples of some of the storage management problem analysis and research, through analysis and study of these issues, so we have deeper storage management to understand, storage has its own management principles, we should abide by and seriously the implementation of these principles. When in use the combination of theory and practice, so that our warehouse and our theory more in tune with the actual operation. Only the combination of theory and practice to our knowledge to the limits. 中文譯文從現(xiàn)代物流系統(tǒng)觀點來看,倉儲是物流的一個重要環(huán)節(jié),是物流系統(tǒng)的調(diào)運中心,希望在倉儲這里對物流進(jìn)行有效、科學(xué)地管理與控制,使物流系統(tǒng)更順暢、更合理地運行。本文主要從倉儲的重要性出發(fā),將理論與實際相結(jié)合,通過對一個企業(yè)物流公司倉儲活動中的“空間”和“貨位”進(jìn)行分析,如何在倉儲活動中通過“空間”和“貨位”的管理達(dá)到提高倉儲效率、降低倉儲成本的目的。案例背景:某光電科技有限公司的倉儲管理。某光電科技有限公司位于廣東惠州金源工業(yè)區(qū),它成立于1998年,是一家專業(yè)照明器與電氣裝置產(chǎn)品制造商,它是行業(yè)的龍頭企業(yè)。憑借優(yōu)異的產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)、卓越的服務(wù)精神,獲得了客戶的廣泛認(rèn)可與贊譽。為了適應(yīng)新形式下的戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展需要,公司對現(xiàn)有的客戶關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行了整合,在全國各地成立了35個運營中心,完善了公司供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)、物流倉儲與配送系統(tǒng)以及客戶服務(wù)系統(tǒng)。該公司總部共有成品倉庫3個,分別是成品一組倉庫、成品二組倉庫和成品三組倉庫。他們是按產(chǎn)品的型號不同而將產(chǎn)品分放在不同的倉庫:其中成品一組倉庫位于一樓,目的是方便進(jìn)出貨,所以它那里存放的貨物相對種類比較多一點,如筒燈、燈盤等。并且所有的外銷品也存放在一組。成品二組倉庫儲存的主要是路軌燈、金鹵燈、T4燈、T5燈以及光源。公司的幾大光源都存放在成品二組倉庫。成品三組倉庫主要存放特定的格柵燈、吸頂燈、導(dǎo)軌燈以及別的公司的一些產(chǎn)品。1倉庫儲存空間分析倉庫倉儲系統(tǒng)的主要構(gòu)成要素包括儲存空間、貨品、人員及設(shè)備等要素。儲存是倉庫的核心功能和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié),儲存區(qū)域規(guī)劃合理與否直接影響到倉庫的作業(yè)效率和儲存能力。因此,儲存空間的有效利用成為倉庫管理好壞的重要影響因素之一。該公司的產(chǎn)品銷量很好。倉庫的出入庫頻率大,貨品流量也就很大。該公司的倉庫空間布局是上貨架存放貨物,立體的空間利用率不高,所以他的倉庫機械化程度也不是很高,倉庫內(nèi)只有叉車,包括手動叉車和電動叉車。倉庫的作業(yè)方法,一般都用叉車,很少用人力的,對于貨物的收發(fā),它們用的是物資收發(fā)卡,每一次的收發(fā)貨都會在物資收發(fā)卡上做登記,這樣就很方便我們平時查貨等的一些后續(xù)工作,從目前的工作結(jié)果看來效率還是比較高,作業(yè)還是比較方便的。所以整體上看該公司倉庫的作業(yè)方法還是比較合理的。而倉庫平時經(jīng)常會因為儲存空間不夠用而將貨物存放在作業(yè)空間的位置上。特別是在產(chǎn)品的銷售旺季時,倉庫產(chǎn)品存放特別擁擠,在里面工作起來讓人覺得有一點壓抑的感覺。所以倉庫的作業(yè)環(huán)境不怎么合理。該公司倉庫的儲存成本具統(tǒng)計的數(shù)據(jù)來看還算合理的,因為它的設(shè)備費用很少,固定保管費用也不是很高,而儲存成本就是由該類費用構(gòu)成,所以儲存成本也就不是很高了。儲存空間即倉庫中以保管商品為功能的空間。儲存空間=物理空間+潛在利用空間+作業(yè)空間+無用空間。物理空間即是指貨品實際上占有的空間。該公司倉庫中,它的物理空間占了整個倉庫的75%以上;潛在利用空間占10%左右;作業(yè)空間占10%左右,因為該公司的倉庫機械化并不高,所以作業(yè)空間小點并沒有什么影響,它的安全間歇還基本符合要求;他的無用空間占5%左右。從整體上看該倉庫的空間利用率很高,還有一點擁擠的現(xiàn)象。分析認(rèn)為:應(yīng)該相對的減少一些物理空間的使用,增加一些作業(yè)空間中安全間歇等空間的使用。另外,從平面空間和垂直空間看,水平空間有了很好的利用,但垂直空間的利用不高,因此可考慮采用高層貨架或高層自動立體貨架,以更好的利用垂直空間。2貨位管理的分析貨位管理就是指貨品進(jìn)入倉庫之后,對貨品如何處理、如何放置、放置在何處等進(jìn)行合理有效的規(guī)劃和管理。而貨品如何處置,如何放置,主要由所采取的儲存策略決定,貨品的具體的存放位置,則要結(jié)合相關(guān)的貨位分配原則來決定。該公司的倉庫貨位管理的儲存方式是采用的定位儲存原則。定位儲存是指每一類或每一個儲存貨品都有固定貨位,貨品不能互用貨位。所以,在規(guī)劃貨位時,每一項貨品的貨位容量不得小于其可能的最大在庫量。但在實際的操作中,定位儲存一般會按照情況不同而做適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整,它會根據(jù)實際情況而做改變。在該倉庫的貨位管理中,經(jīng)該公司有關(guān)工作人員研究,把理論與實際相結(jié)合,實行了定位、定點、定量管理的原則,因此,它的貨位容量不是全部按照最大在庫量進(jìn)行定位的,因為該公司的產(chǎn)品是屬于季節(jié)性差異比較大的產(chǎn)品,如果按照最大在庫量設(shè)定就會使倉庫的空間利用率下降,從而出現(xiàn)浪費資源的情況。 由于該公司倉庫的所有庫位都是用的定