高中英語狀語從句講解和練習

狀語從句講解和練習狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。通常由副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、分詞和從句等擔當。例如：1.Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副詞)2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介詞狀短語)3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式)4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (過去分詞)5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因狀語從句）狀語的位置比較靈活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作狀語修飾形容詞和副詞時必須后置。狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。一般可分為九大類，分別表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。盡管種類較多，但由于狀語從句與漢語結構和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不難。狀語從句的關鍵是要掌握引導不同狀語從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考點?，F(xiàn)分別列舉如下:1 時間狀語從句常用引導詞：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until特殊引導詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely whenI didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果園) the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2 地點狀語從句常用引導詞：where特殊引導詞：wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3 原因狀語從句常用引導詞：because, since, as, since特殊引導詞：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, lets begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4 目的狀語從句常用引導詞：so that, in order that特殊引導詞：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5 結果狀語從句常用引導詞：so that, so that, such that,特殊引導詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.Its such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldnt sleep last night.6 條件狀語從句常用引導詞：if, unless, 特殊引導詞：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that Well start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7 讓步狀語從句常用引導詞：though, although, even if, even though特殊引導詞： as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter ， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal. 盡管我很尊敬他， 我卻不同意他的建議。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He wont listen whatever you may say.8 比較狀語從句常用引導詞：as(同級比較), than(不同程度的比較)特殊引導詞：the more the more ; just as ， so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，猶如油之于機器。9 方式狀語從句常用引導詞：as, as if, how特殊引導詞：the wayWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.10. 狀語從句的簡化狀語從句的省略狀語從句同時具備下列兩個條件:主句和從句的主語一致，或從句主語為it；從句主要動詞是be的某種形式。從句中的主語和be動詞常可省略。例如：When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year . Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.另外，比較狀語從句經常省略。例如：Im taller than he (is tall ). The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ). 就狀語從句而言,有時為了使語言言簡意賅,常常將狀語從句進行簡化。狀語從句的簡化現(xiàn)象在口語中較為普遍,而且在高考中的復現(xiàn)率也較高。因此,有必要對其進行全面、透徹的了解。狀語從句的簡化現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語從句中:由if, unless等引導的條件狀語從句;由although, though, even if / though等引導的讓步狀語從句;由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引導的時間狀語從句;由as, as if等引導的方式狀語從句;由as, than等引導的比較狀語從句。下面針對這五種情形作一歸納。(1)當狀語從句的主語是it,且謂語動詞是be時,it和be要完全簡化掉。例如:If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的話,他會幫你擺脫困境。You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情況對你來說不方便,否則你必須出席這次會議。(2)當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時,從句可以將主語和be動詞簡化掉。常用于以下幾種情形:a.連詞+形容詞As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小時候就學會了騎自行車。Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret.少壯不努力,老大徒傷悲。b.連詞+名詞While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提時代就樂于助人。Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director.盡管他曾是個農民,而現(xiàn)在是位著名的導演了。c.連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.盡管近來他一直在學數學,但他仍然沒有取得好成績。d.連詞+過去分詞He wont go there with us unless (he is) invited.除非受到邀請,否則他不會和我們一道去那里。The concert was a great success than (it was) expected.這場音樂會出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。e.連詞+不定式He stood up as if (he were) to say something.當時他站起來好像要說什么。He wouldnt solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.即使他來負責,他也解決不了這個問題。f. 連詞+介詞短語She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻煩。He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the USA.他到美國之前就懂英語了。注意:當從句主語和主句主語不一致時,從句部分要么用完全形式,要么用獨立主格結構來表達。例如:When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.當會議結束時,人們都走出了會議室。(=The meeting over, 鞏固練習1. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.A. which B. when C. so that D. as if2. I would appreciate it _you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment.A. until B. if C. when D. that3. As far as I am concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，_.A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you areC. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life4.After the war，a new school building was put up _there had once been a theatre.A. that B. where C. which D. when5. Is Mr. Smith in the office?Yes，_ he is in charge of the office，he must be there.A. since B. however C. whether D. for6. As your good friend, I will do _help you.A. that I can to B. what I can to C. all that I can D. what I can7.John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out _he phones.A. as long as B. in order to C. in case D. so that8.Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up _I could answer the phone.A. as B. since C. until D. before9. Dont look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.Oh, yes. _others are weak, he is strong.A. If B. When C. Where D. Though10.It is ten years _he smoked.A. that B. when C. since D. while11.We must hurry up _catch up with the last train.A. that B. so that to C. in order that D. in order to12.No matter _hard it may be，I will carry it out.A. what B. whatever C. how D. however13._ you may do，you must do it well.A. Which B. Whenever C. Whatever D. When14. Are you thinking about going to New York for the holiday?No. But if I _the time，I would definitely go.A. have B. had C. have had D. would have15._ you are so weak，youd better stay at home.A. Since B. For C. Because D. Though16.English and French are taught here. You can choose _you like.A. no matter which B. whichever C. which D. whatever17.I saw Mr. Smith last Sunday. We had not seen each other _I left London.A. as B. before C. since D. till18.Ill be back before you _.A. will leave B. will have left C. leave D. would leave19.The problem wont be settled until we _a chance to discuss it thoroughly.A. have had B. will have C. will have had D. would have20.If you _this experiment，you will understand the theory better.A. will be doing B. have done C. will have done D. would do21.They went on working _it was late at night.A. even if B. as if C. however D. as though22.I hurried _I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless23.The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining24._ you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others.A. At times B. Some time C. By the time D. Every time25.Although he is considered a great writer，_.A. however his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely readC. his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read26.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she _.A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. arrives D. is arriving27.We should finish the important job，_.A. long it takes howeverB. it takes however longC. long however it takes D. however long it takes28._he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A. That B. Why C. What D. How29._comes to the party will receive a gift.A. Which B. Who C. Which one D. Whoever30.She is willing to help you, _busy she is.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever31.I dont care whether he stays _goes.A. nor B. then C. or D. otherwise32.No matter _hard it may be，Ill carry it out.A. what B. whatever C. how D. however33.Why do you want to find a new job _youve got such a good one already?A. that B. where C. which D. when34._he is, he will be thinking of you.A. Wherever B. Where C. Now that D. As soon as35.You should make it a rule to leave things _you can find them again.A. when B. where C. then D. there36.He got excited at the news，_ I was calm.A. when B. while C. because D. after37.Shall Brown come and play computer games?No，_ he has finished his homework.A. when B. if C. unless D. once38._ you try，you will never succeed.A. If B. Until C. SinceD. Unless39.Hardly had he arrived in Hongkong _she rang me up.A. when B. than C. that D. and40._ they heard the shout for help，they rushed out.A. Immediately B. The moment C. The while D. All the above41._，he never seems able to do the work beautifully.A. Try as he does B. as he tries C. Try as does he D. As he does try42.The air is full of smoke and people are coughing.It will get worse _the government does something about the pollution.A. but B. unless C. except D. if43.If _，I would have gone with him.A. had he told me B. he had told me C. he has told me D. he would tell me44.Alice is moving to her new apartment next Saturday.Ill be glad to help her，_ need some help.A. should she B. if she will C. if she D. if she might45.I came _I heard the news.A. until B. as soon as C. immediately D.B and C46.What we have seen_.A. from what we heard B. all what we heardC. to what we have heard D. from what we have heard47.We will never give in _they might do or say about our plan.A. no matter how B. how C. whatever D. although48.If you go to Xian，you will find the places there more magnificent than commonly _.A. supposing B. supposed C. to suppose D. suppose49._ he comes，we would not be able to go.A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even50.Its no wonder youve got a headac