英語人教版八年級下冊unit 8 SectionA Grammar Focus.docx

TitleUnit8:Have you read Treasure Island yet?SectionSection A（4a-4c）PeriodDesigning timeTeaching timeSignatureLearning objectives1學(xué)習(xí)掌握下列詞匯：fiction, technology, French 來源:學(xué)+科+網(wǎng)2動詞過去分詞的變化規(guī)則。來源3對現(xiàn)在完成時的用法進行歸納總結(jié)，掌握其規(guī)則。4通過練習(xí)來熟練運用現(xiàn)在完成時。Important and different points1學(xué)習(xí)掌握下列詞匯：fiction, technology, French 2. 動詞過去分詞的變化規(guī)則。3對現(xiàn)在完成時的用法進行歸納總結(jié)，掌握其規(guī)則。Learning processStep 1. Warming up Read the following sentences we have seen.Have you read Little Women yet? Yes, I have./ No, I havent. Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? Yes, she has. She thinks its fantastic.Have you decided which book to write about yet?Yes, I have. Ive already finished reading it. It was really good.Step 2 現(xiàn)在完成時用法1.表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 e.g. Have you had your lunch yet? Yes, I have. Ive just had it. (現(xiàn)在我不餓了。)2. 表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去某一時刻開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且可能還要繼續(xù)下去。 e.g. I havent seen her these days. Ive known Bob for three years. Ive been at this school for over two years. 時間狀語already, yet, just, ever, never, before構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時是由“助動詞have / has+ 動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的，規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成與過去式相同，不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞則需逐個記憶。 動詞的過去式的變化和過去分詞的變化并不完全相同。我們對它們作了一個大致的分類。 (注：例子中單詞的變化順序為：動詞原形 動詞的過去式 動詞的過去分詞)一、過去式和過去分詞的變化相同規(guī)則變化：1. 一般在動詞詞尾直接加ed。如：pick picked picked; wish wished wished; stay stayed stayed2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞后面加d。如：like liked liked; hope hoped hoped; phone phoned phoned3. 以“輔音字母 + y”結(jié)尾的動詞，變y為i，再加-ed。如：study studied studied; hurry hurried hurried; reply replied replied4. 詞尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，要雙寫輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop stopped stopped; clap clapped clapped不規(guī)則變化：5. 以不變應(yīng)萬變。如：let let let; put put put; read read read6. 若中間有雙寫e，則去掉一個e，單詞末尾再加t。如：feel felt felt; keep kept kept; sleep slept slept 7. 結(jié)尾的字母d變t。如：lend lent lent; build built built; send sent sent8. 變?yōu)橐?ought或-aught結(jié)尾。如：buy bought bought; bring brought brought; catch caught caught; teach taught taught句式1. 肯定句：主語 + have / has + 過去分詞 (+ 其他)2. 否定句：主語 + have / has + not + 過去 分詞(+ 其他)3. 一般疑問句：have/ has + 主語 + 過去分詞(+ 其他)4. 特殊疑問句：1) 特殊疑問詞 (不是句子主語) + have / has + 主語+過去分詞 (+ 其他)2) 特殊疑問詞(是句子主語)+have / has+過去分詞(+ 其他)already和yet都可以作為現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞，但它們的用法不同。already一般用于肯定句中。如：We have already cleaned up our classroom.注意：already用于疑問句中時通常表示驚奇。如：Have you finished your homework already? I cant believe it.yet一般用于疑問句和否定句中。如：Have you seen her yet?The bus hasnt come yet.活學(xué)活用Write the forms of the past tense and past participle: drink _ _ see _ _ find _ _ leave _ _ tell _ _ Why is Mr. Yang still in the teachers Office? Maybe he _ his work yet. A. doesnt finish B. hasnt finished C. havent finishedStep 3 Exercises 1. Finish 4a and check the answers. 2. Finish 4b and check the answers.3. Finish 4c and check the answers.Make conversations and complete the chart. (Follow the conversation on page 60)Step 4. Practice( ) Do you know the movie Lost in Thailand? Yes. I _ it twice. Its funny. A. saw B. see C. have seen D. will see ( ) Lunch? No, thanks. I_.