規(guī)則動詞過去式的變化規(guī)則

1、1.規(guī)則動詞過去式的變化規(guī)則1 一般在動詞詞尾加ed。workworked,rain rained,watch watched2 如果動詞以字母e 結(jié)尾 ,變過去式時直接在詞尾加d。loveloved,live lived,changechanged3 如果動詞是以一個元音字母加上一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單詞,變過去式時 ,要雙寫這個輔音字母 ,再加 ed。stopstopped,planplanned,drop dropped4 如果動詞是以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾 ,變過去式時要變y 為 i 再加 ed。studystudied,carrycarried,trytried2.部分不規(guī)則動詞的

2、過去式let let(讓 ,putput(放,readread(讀,runran(跑comecame(來 ,becomebecame(成為 ,bringbrought(帶來 ,buybought(買gowent(去 ,think thought(想 ,catchcaught(抓住 ,teachtaught(教lendlent(給,send sent(寄,送,feelfelt( 感覺 ,keep kept(保持leaveleft( 離開 ,meet met(遇見 ,learn learnt/learned(學習sellsold(賣,tell told(告訴 ,hold held(抓住 ,get

3、got(得到hearheard(聽,makemade(制造 ,sitsat(坐 ,find found(發(fā)現(xiàn)seesaw(看 ,beginbegan(開始 ,swimswam(游泳 ,singsang(唱writewrote(寫 ,knowknew(知道 ,showshowed(出示speakspoke(講,taketook(拿走 ,eat ate(吃,givegave(給 ,find found(找1 有確定的 去 狀 ,要用 去 如:yesterday(昨天、 two days ago (兩天前 、last year (去年 、the other day (前幾天、 once up on

4、a time( 去曾 、 just now( 才、 in the old days( 去的日子里、 before liberation(解放前 、When I was 8 years old(當我八 Did you have a party the other day?前幾天 ,你 開了晚會了 ?Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷鋒是個好戰(zhàn)士。注意在談到已死去的人的情況時,多用過去時。2 表示過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動作時,要用過去時這種情況下 ,往往沒有表示過去的時間狀語,而通過上下文來表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked

5、 at the captain,and then died.那男孩把眼睛張開了一會兒,看看船長 ,然后就去世了。3 表示過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)?；蚍磸偷膭幼鞒Ｅc always,never等連用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太過去老是帶著一把傘。(只是說明她過去的動作,不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著傘。比較Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是帶著傘。(說明這是她的習慣 ,表明她現(xiàn)在仍然還習慣總帶著一把傘I never drank wine.我以前從不喝酒。(不涉及到現(xiàn)在 ,不說明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒4 如果強調(diào)已

6、經(jīng)終止的習慣時要用used to doHe used to drink.他過去喝酒。(意味著他現(xiàn)在不喝酒了。喝酒這個動作終止了I used to take a walk in the morning.我過去是在早晨散步。(意味著現(xiàn)在不在早晨散步了I took a walk in the morning.我曾經(jīng)在早晨散過步。(只是說明過去這一動作比較I took a walk in the morning .我曾經(jīng)在早晨散過步。(史是說明過去這一動作5 有些句子 ,雖然沒有表示過去確定時間的狀語,但實際上是指過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)的話 ,也要用過去時 ,這一點 ,我們中國學生往往出錯 ,要特

7、別注意 !I didnt know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。(因為在說話時 ,我已經(jīng)知道你在巴黎了。這句話指的是說話之前,所以只能用過去時表示。實際上 ,這句話暗指 :But now I know you are here.I thought you were ill.我以為你病了呢。(這句話應是在說話之前,我以為你病了。但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒病現(xiàn)在完成時的用法have(has+過去分詞 (done1.現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示現(xiàn)在之前已發(fā)生過或完成的動作或狀態(tài),但其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系 ,也就是說 ,動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在.I have lost my wa

8、llet.(含義是 :現(xiàn)在我沒有錢花了 .Jane has laid the table含.(義是 :已可以吃飯了 .Michael has been ill.(含義是 :現(xiàn)在仍然很虛弱He has returned from abroad. 含(義是 :現(xiàn)在已在此地2. 現(xiàn)在完成時可以用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時刻的 ,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情況 ,常與for,since 連用 . Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.3. 現(xiàn)在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用,如already, yet, just,befor

9、e, recently, lately等 :He has already obtained a scholarship.I havent seen much of him recently (lately.We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet4. 現(xiàn)在完成時常常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用,如often, sometimes, ever, never,twice, on several occasion等 :Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard

10、 Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman on several occasions.5. 現(xiàn)在完成時還往往可以同包括現(xiàn)在時間在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用,如 now, up tothese few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等 : Peter has w

11、ritten six papers so far.Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.There has bee too much rain in San Francisco this year.The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.Up to the present everything has been successful.6. 現(xiàn)在完成時表示現(xiàn)在之前業(yè)已完成的動作 ,雖然其效果或影響仍然存在但已不再繼續(xù) ,但是有一些現(xiàn)在完成時的句子 ,在后面加上 for+一段時間 ,則現(xiàn)在完成時的動作就表示延續(xù)性 . Thomas has studied Russian.現(xiàn)(在不再學俄語Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study