水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖水質(zhì)自動監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)

1、文檔來源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持 水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖水質(zhì)自動監(jiān)測系統(tǒng) The water quality automatic monitoring system used in aquaculture 分析、概述 Analysis and Overview 就水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖現(xiàn)狀進行分析，并提出解決方案 To carry on an analysis of the aquacultural situation and to propose solutions 現(xiàn)狀分析 Status Analysis 水質(zhì)監(jiān)測是保證健康養(yǎng)殖的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，其目的是監(jiān)測養(yǎng)殖水體溫度、DO （溶解 氧）、pH

2、、深度、電導(dǎo)率（鹽度）、濁度、葉綠素、氨氮等對水產(chǎn)品生長有重大 影響的水質(zhì)參數(shù)， 根據(jù)需要進行水質(zhì)調(diào)節(jié)， 為水產(chǎn)品提供最佳的生長環(huán)境。 目前 大多數(shù)的水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)基本上仍采用人工取樣、化學(xué)分析的監(jiān)測方式，耗時費力、 精度不高、 即時性差， 并且需要專業(yè)人員進行操作。 一些企業(yè)配備了便攜式水質(zhì) 監(jiān)測儀或水質(zhì)在線監(jiān)測儀，但由于技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品不過關(guān)，價格昂貴且維護成本高。 隨著集約化、 工廠化養(yǎng)殖模式的推廣， 目前水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)迫切需要高精度、 高穩(wěn)定 性和可靠性、 低成本、適合水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖模式水質(zhì)監(jiān)測設(shè)備和遠程無線水質(zhì)自動監(jiān)測 系統(tǒng)。 Water quality monitoring is the key li

3、nk to ensure healthy aquaculture. It is intended for monitoring the water quality parameters including aquatic water temperature, DO, PH, depth, conductivity （salinity）, turbidity, chlorophyll, ammonia nitrogen and so on, which have an important influence on the growth of aquatic products, taking wa

4、ter quality regulation as needed and providing the best growing environment for the aquatic products. Until now, most of the aquaculture industries are basically still using the monitoring ways of manual sampling and chemical analysis, which is time-consuming and laboursome, lack of accuracy, bad in

5、 immediacy and also require for professionals to operate it. Some companies are equipped with portable water quality monitor or online monitor, but due to unqualified techniques and products, it s expensive and costs too much to maintain. With the promotion of intensive and factory aquaculture model

6、, the aquaculture industry cries for water quality monitoring equipment and long-distance and wireless water quality automatic monitoring system, which are high in accuracy, stability and reliability, low in cost, and suitable for aquaculture system. 系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)拓撲圖 The topological graph of system architect

7、ure 遠程無線水質(zhì)自動監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)主要由智能水質(zhì)傳感器、數(shù)據(jù)采集器(無線傳感網(wǎng))、 網(wǎng)關(guān)/控制器、軟件系統(tǒng)、視頻監(jiān)控和監(jiān)控中心組成。 The Iong-distanee and wireless water quality automatic monitoring system is composed primarily of intelligent water quality sensor, data acquisition unit (wireless sen sor n etwork), gateway/co ntroller, software system, video surveil

8、la nee and surveilla nee cen ter. 系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)拓撲圖見右圖所示 The topological graph of system architecture is show n in the picture on the right 方案實施概述 The overview of program impleme ntati on 引入先進的智能物聯(lián)網(wǎng)概念，促進水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖信息化發(fā)展 Bring in adva need in ternet of Things con cept to promote the in formatio n developme nt of aqua

9、culture 監(jiān)測指標 Mon itori ng in dex 注：方案標準部分參考中國水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖水質(zhì)標準，可根據(jù)不同的國家、行業(yè)、地方 等標準做更改 Note: The program standard part is referring to Chinese aquaculture water quality standard, and it s subject to the standards of dtfniartions, industries and areas. 說明 監(jiān)測指標 Mon itori ng In dexExpla nati on 溶解氧（DO）氧是水產(chǎn)生物的生命元素

10、。長期缺氧，水產(chǎn)動物生長減慢； DO嚴重缺氧，魚蝦會浮頭，而且水產(chǎn) H2S、NH3、NO2等得 不到氧化分解，毒性增大。保持足夠溶氧可分解轉(zhuǎn)化有毒 物質(zhì)。 水中溶解氧最低應(yīng)保持在3mg/L,般應(yīng)保持在5-8mg/L之 間。 溶氧過高會導(dǎo)致魚類患氣泡病。 O2 is the biological element to aquatic organisms. In Ion g-term hypoxia en vir onment, the aquatic orga ni sms will grow slower. In severe hypoxia environment, the fish and

11、 shrimps will be floating head, and H2S、NH3、NO2 will turn more toxic without oxidative decompositi on. Keep ing eno ugh DO could be useful for decompositi on and tran sformati on of toxic substances. DO in the water should reach a minimum of 3mg/L and be kept 5-8mg/L. Too much DO will lead to gas di

12、sease of fishes. PH值 PH 重要PH數(shù)據(jù)：對蝦育苗：8.5；河蟹育苗：8.0-8.5；淡水 養(yǎng)殖：6.5-9.0;海水養(yǎng)殖：7.5-8.5； PH值超過8.5,水中氨的毒性增大，硫化氫毒性減小。PH 值超過9.5大多數(shù)水產(chǎn)動物不能存活。 PH值低于6,水產(chǎn)的氨無毒性，但硫化氫毒性增大。魚蝦 在PH低于6.5時易缺氧浮頭。PH值低于5時，對水產(chǎn)動 物有嚴重危險。 Importa nt PH data: Praw n seedli ngs: 8.5; River crab seedli ngs: 8.0-8.5; Freshwater aquaculture: 6.5-9.0;

13、 Sea aquaculture: 7.5-8.5; If PH is higher than 8.5, the toxicity of ammon ia will be in creased, and hydrothi on will be decreased. If PH is higher than 9.5, most of the aquatic animals can not live anym ore. If PH is lower tha n 6, the aquatic ammon ia will be non toxic, but the toxicity of hydrot

14、hi on will be in creased. The fish and shrimps are susceptible to hypoxia to be floating head. If PH is lower tha n 5, it will be severely dan gerous to the aquatic ani mals. 文檔來源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持 氨氮（NH3）非離子氨（NH3）是水產(chǎn)動物的頭號隱形殺手。 NH3 養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)將氨氮的濃度控制在 0.015ppm以下，高于 0.02ppm會引進死亡。 河蟹、對蝦育苗水質(zhì)應(yīng)控制在0.0

15、1ppm以下，超過0.01ppm 將引起死亡。 PH影響氨的毒性，PH低于7時氨幾乎無毒，高于8.5時 毒性劇增。 NH3 is the NO.1 hidden killer to the aquatic animals. In the course of producti on of farmi ng, the concen trati on of NH3 should be con trolled lower tha n 0.015ppm. If higher tha n 0.02ppm, it will cause death. For seedli ng water of river

16、crab and praw n, it should be con trolled lower tha n 0.01ppm, or will cause death. PH is in flue ntial to the toxicity of ammo nia. If PH is lower tha n 7, the ammon ia is n early non toxic. If PH is higher than 8.5, the toxicity of ammonia will be rapidly in creased. 亞硝酸鹽（NO2-） NO2 亞硝酸鹽是水產(chǎn)動物致病的根源。

17、養(yǎng)殖水質(zhì)中的亞硝酸 鹽氮應(yīng)控制在0.2pp以下，在0.5ppm時會引起死亡或患 病。高于0.8ppm會引起大批死亡。 河蟹,對蝦育苗水質(zhì)的亞硝酸鹽氮應(yīng)控制在0.1ppm以 下.0.3ppm時輕度死亡，超過0.5ppm將引起大量死亡 NO2 is the root of the aquatic ani mals diseases. The n itrite n itroge n in the farming water should be con trolled un der 0.2ppm. If goes up to 0.5ppm, it will cause death or disease

18、. If higher than 0.8ppm, it will cause catastrophic death. For seedling water of river crab and prawn, it should be con trolled lower tha n 0.1ppm. If goes up to 0.3ppm, it will cause mild death. If higher than 0.5ppm, it will cause massive death. 余氯（Cl）養(yǎng)殖池塘中的全余氯主要來自所使用的含氯消毒劑。余 文檔來源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可

19、編輯.歡迎下載支持 硫化氫（H2S） 溶解有機物（ORP） 溫度 Temperature 氯對魚蝦、藻相、菌相平衡均有嚴懲的影響。因此不要 濫用消毒劑。 養(yǎng)殖水質(zhì)中余氯應(yīng)保持在0.02ppm以下。高于0.02ppmr 的余氯可對魚蝦粘膜產(chǎn)生強烈的腐蝕作用：超過0.1ppm 會使魚蝦致死。 The Cl in the aquaculture pond is mostly coming from chlori ne-c ontaining dis in fecta nt. Cl has severely bad in flue nee to the bala nee betwee n fish a

20、nd shrimps, algal facies and bacteria phase. So the dis in fecta nt should not be used indiscriminately. The Cl in the farming water should be con trolled lower tha n 0.02ppm. If higher tha n 0.02ppm, it will have strong corrosi on effect on the mucosa of fish and shrimps. If higher tha n 0.1ppm, it

21、 will cause death. 養(yǎng)殖水質(zhì)應(yīng)控制在0.1ppm以下，0.5ppm時會引起死亡或 患病。高于0.8ppm會引起大批死亡。 河蟹、對蝦育苗水質(zhì)應(yīng)控制在 0.05ppm以下，0.3ppm時 輕度死亡：超過0.5ppm將引起大量死亡。 The H2S in the farmi ng water should be con trolled lower than 0.1ppm. If goes up to 0.5ppm, it will cause death or disease. If higher tha n 0.8ppm, it will cause massive death

22、. For seedling water of river crab and prawn, it should be con trolled lower tha n 0.05ppm. If goes up to 0.3ppm, it will cause mild death. If higher than 0.5ppm, it will cause massive death. 溶解有機氣體壓力高會導(dǎo)致魚類患致命的氣泡病，即所 謂栓塞。 The high dissolved organic air pressure will cause gas disease of fishes, whic

23、h is the so called embolism. 水溫也是漁業(yè)水質(zhì)的控制指標。氯素等會引起水溫變化 The water temperature is also a con troll ing in dex for fishery water. Factors like Chlorine will lead to changes in water temperature. ?6路帶隔離的 RS-232接口，波特率范圍：1200-115200,支持Modbus協(xié)議， 已內(nèi)置多種儀表協(xié)議 6 isolated RS-232 in terface, Baud rate ran ge: 1200

24、-115200, supportive for Modbus protocol, built-in a variety of in strume nt protocol ?1路帶隔離的RS-485接口，波特率范圍：1200-115200,支持Modbus協(xié)議， 已內(nèi)置多種儀表協(xié)議 1 isolated RS-485 in terface, baud rate ran ge: 1200-115200, supportive for Modbus protocol, built-in a variety of in strume nt protocol ? 8路模擬量輸入通道，16位分辨率，支持4

25、-20mA電流信號，0-5V電壓信號， 可配置為輸入4路4-20mA差分電流信號，或者4路0-5V差分電壓信號 8 an alog in put cha nn els, 16 bit resoluti on, supportive for 4-20mA curre nt sig nal, 0-5V voltage sig nal, can be con figured to in put 4 4-20mA differe ntial curre nt signal, or 4 0-5V differential current signal ? 8路帶隔離的開關(guān)量輸入通道，輸入電壓范圍：0-5

26、VDC，可接受最高30VDC 的電壓輸入 8 isolated digital in put cha nn el, i nput voltage ran ge: 0-5VDC, 30VDC is acceptable as the highest in put voltage ?2路繼電器輸出，負載能力為24VDC/1A 2 relay output, load power is 24VDA/1A ?內(nèi)置以太網(wǎng)接口 Built-in Ether net in terface ? 內(nèi)置GPRS通信模塊(可選配CDMA) Built-in GPRS commu nication module (O

27、ptio nal CDMA) ?320 X 240點陣的LCD，配16個觸摸按鍵的薄膜鍵盤 320 X 240 dot matrix LCD, equipped with membrane keyboard with 16 touch keys ?內(nèi)置存儲器可以保存一年的歷史數(shù)據(jù)，掉電不丟失 The internal memory can save historical data for one year, without losing when 文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持 lost power. ? 內(nèi)置可充電鋰電池，保證斷電情況下最少正常運行6 小

28、時 The internal rechargeablelithium battery can run normally for at least 6 hours under the situation of interruption of power supply ? 選用工業(yè)級的部件，高可靠性、高穩(wěn)定性 Select the industry-grade components, which is high in reliability and stability ? 設(shè)備代碼(固件)可以遠程升級 The device code (firmware) can be remote upgrade

29、d ? 支持斷電續(xù)傳，支持多個中心 Supportive for continue transferring from breakpoint and multiple center 儀器設(shè)備 Instrument and equipment 國際知名品牌 International Brand QH-2000J數(shù)據(jù)采集儀傳輸儀 QH-2000J data acquisition and transmission instrument 網(wǎng)關(guān) /控制器 Gateway/Controller 網(wǎng)關(guān)/控制器由 RTU8400 測控終端和電控箱等組成， 是實現(xiàn)水質(zhì)調(diào)節(jié) (主要是增 氧控制)的執(zhí)行設(shè)備，

30、它可以驅(qū)動葉輪式、 水車式或微孔曝氣空壓機等多種增氧 設(shè)備。此外測控終端兼具網(wǎng)關(guān)功能， 可以根據(jù)需要配置成無線數(shù)據(jù)采集節(jié)點及無 線控制節(jié)點。 Gateway/Controller is composed of RTU8400 controlling terminal and electric control panel. It thse actuating equipment to achieve water quality adjustment (to control Oxygenation primarily) and it can drive the oxygenation equipm

31、ents like impeller type, waterwheel type or micro porous aeration air compressor. Furthermore the controlling terminal could also be used as gateway. It can be configured into wireless data collection node or wireless controlling node as needed. 視頻監(jiān)控 Video monitoring 根據(jù)用戶需求和現(xiàn)場條件，可以安裝有線視頻系統(tǒng)或無線視頻系統(tǒng)， 對養(yǎng)殖場環(huán) 境進行實時監(jiān)控。應(yīng)用無線視頻系統(tǒng)，用戶使用手機或 PC 遠程登錄到 G3 視頻 監(jiān)控終端，可以收看攝像機相應(yīng)區(qū)域的實時視頻畫面。 Accor