狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)

1、涉及狀語(yǔ)從句得幾種特定時(shí)態(tài) 1、“主將從現(xiàn)”原則 即若主句為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，時(shí)間與條件狀語(yǔ)從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，而不能直接 使用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。如： I ll give her the telex when she es% 她來(lái)時(shí)把電傳交給她 I ll retiim die book as soon as I have read it、這書(shū)一瞧完我就送還。 HeJl have four years at imrversity after he leaves school、她中學(xué)畢業(yè)后要上四年大 學(xué)。 2、since與完成時(shí) since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，英主句通常要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在完

2、成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如: She has had another baby since I saw her last 從上次我見(jiàn)到她以來(lái)，她又生了一個(gè) 孩子。 He has grown an inch since I saw him、我上次見(jiàn)到她以后她已長(zhǎng)髙了一英寸。 注：當(dāng)主句為“It + be + 段時(shí)間時(shí)，則通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如： Its more than three years now since I saw her last、我們已有三年多沒(méi)見(jiàn)而了。 3、特定句式得時(shí)態(tài) 由no sooner、tliaii. hardly scarcely.when引出得時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其主句通常

3、用 過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句通常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如： Hardly had he arrived when she started plaining 她剛到她就抱怨起來(lái)。 No sooner had he gone to sleep than the telephone rang、她剛睡著電話鈴就響了。 We had no sooner set out than a thunderstorm broke、我們剛出發(fā)就下起一陣?yán)妆?No sooner had she agreed to marry him than she started to have terrible doubts、 她 剛同意嫁給

4、她她就開(kāi)始產(chǎn)生可怕得疑慮。 狀語(yǔ)從句得時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn) 一般情況下，時(shí)間與條件狀語(yǔ)從句得謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”表示 “ 一般將來(lái)時(shí)”，用“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”表示“將來(lái)完成時(shí)” O例如: I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing、 我一到北京就給 您打電話。（這就是由as soon as引導(dǎo)得時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中得謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 arrive就是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)，決不可用will arrive） As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home、 我一完成 此工作，就回家。（從句中得謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用

5、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have finished,表示將來(lái) 完成時(shí)，決不可用will have finished） If he es back, please let me know、如果她回來(lái)了，請(qǐng)通知我。（從句 中得謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用es back,表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)，決不可用will e back） 狀語(yǔ)從句講解與練習(xí) 狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。通常由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng) 詞不定式、分詞與從句等擔(dān)當(dāng)。例如： 1、Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call （副詞） 2、We worked hard , from sun

6、rise to sunset、（介詞狀短語(yǔ)） 3、To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day、 （不定式） 4、Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted 、 （過(guò) 去分詞） 5、I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before、 （原因狀語(yǔ)從句） 狀語(yǔ)得位置比較靈活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作狀語(yǔ)修 飾形容詞與副詞時(shí)必須后置。 狀語(yǔ)從句主要用

7、來(lái)修飾主句或主句得謂語(yǔ)。一般可分為九大類，分別表示 時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目得、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較與方式。盡管種類較多， 但由于狀語(yǔ)從句與漢語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)與用法相似，所以理解與掌握它并不難。狀語(yǔ)從句 得關(guān)鍵就是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語(yǔ)從句得常用連接詞 與特殊得連接詞即考點(diǎn)。現(xiàn)分別列舉如下： 1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 常用弓I 導(dǎo)詞：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引 導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, the instant, im

8、mediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when I didn t realize how special my mot her was until I became an adult While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking The children ran away from the orchard（果園）the moment they saw the guard、 No sooner had I arrived home than it began to

9、 rain、 Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble 2. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞:where 特殊弓I 導(dǎo)詞:wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories Wherever you go, you should work hard 3 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 常用弓I 導(dǎo)詞：because, since, as, for 特殊引 導(dǎo)詞：seeing that, now that, in

10、 that, considering that, given that My friends dislike me because I m handsome and successful、 Now that everybody has e, let s begin our conference The higher ine tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more、 Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of

11、 1、 80 m is quite remarkable 4. 目得狀語(yǔ)從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that, in order that 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them、 The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the stude

12、nts in the back could hear more clearly% 5. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 常用引 導(dǎo)詞：so that, so that, such that, 特殊弓I 導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, He got up so early that he caught the first bus、 It s such a good chance that we must not miss it To such an degree was he excited

13、that he couldn， t sleep last night 6. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless, 特殊弓I 導(dǎo)詞：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that We * 11 start our project if the president agrees You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying、 Provided that there is n

14、o opposition, we shall hold the meeting here、 7. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 常用引 導(dǎo)詞：though, alt hough, even if, even though 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as （用在讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中必須要倒裝）,while （ 一般用在句 首）,no matter , in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever Much as I respect him, I can t agree to his propos

15、al 盡管我很尊敬她，我卻不同意她得建議。 The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind He won， t listen whatever you may say、 8. 比較狀語(yǔ)從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞:as（同級(jí)比較），than（不同程度得比較） 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more the more ；just as ，so；A is to B what /as X is to Y; no mor

16、e than; not A so much as B She is as bad-tempered as her mother The house is three times as big as ours、 The more you exercise, the heaIthier you will be、 Food is to men what oil is to machine食物之于人，猶如油之于機(jī) 器。 9. 方式狀語(yǔ)從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：as, as if, how 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the way When in Rome, do as the Roman do、 She behaved a

17、s if she were the boss、 Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us、 10、狀語(yǔ)從句得簡(jiǎn)化 全狀語(yǔ)從句得省略 狀語(yǔ)從句同時(shí)具備下列兩個(gè)條件:主句與從句得主語(yǔ)一致，或從句主語(yǔ) 為it;從句主要?jiǎng)釉~就是be得某種形式。從句中得主語(yǔ)與be動(dòng)詞?？墒?略。例如： When （ the museum is ） pleted , the museum will be open to the public next year 、 He 11 go to the seaside for his h

18、oliday if (it is ) possible 另外，比較狀語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常省略。例如： I m taller than he (is tall )、 The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is )、 就狀語(yǔ)從句而言，有時(shí)為了使語(yǔ)言言簡(jiǎn)意賅，常常將狀語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化 。狀語(yǔ)從句得簡(jiǎn)化現(xiàn)象在口語(yǔ)中較為普遍，而且在高考中得復(fù)現(xiàn)率也較高。 因此，有必要對(duì)其進(jìn)行全面、透徹得了解。 狀語(yǔ)從句得簡(jiǎn)化現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語(yǔ)從句中:由if, unless 等引導(dǎo)得條件狀語(yǔ)從句;由although, though, even if

19、 / though等引導(dǎo) 得讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；由 when, while, as, before, after, until / till 等 引導(dǎo)得時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;由as, as辻等引導(dǎo)得方式狀語(yǔ)從句;由as, than 等引導(dǎo)得比較狀語(yǔ)從句。下面針對(duì)這五種情形作一歸納。 (1) 當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句得主語(yǔ)就是it,且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就是be時(shí),it與be要完全簡(jiǎn) 化掉。例如： If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty、如I 果可能得話,她會(huì)幫您擺脫困境。 You must attend the meeting unless (it is

20、) inconvenient to you、 除非情況對(duì)您來(lái)說(shuō)不方便，否則您必須出席這次會(huì)議。 (2) 當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句得主語(yǔ)與主句得主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，從句可以將主語(yǔ)與be動(dòng)詞 簡(jiǎn)化掉。常用于以下幾種情形： a、連詞+形容詞 As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike、她小時(shí)候就學(xué) 會(huì)了騎自行車。 Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping 她有空就去逛商 店。 Work hard when (you are) young, or you* 11 regret、少壯不努力， 老人徒傷悲。 b、連詞+名詞 While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others 她在孩提時(shí)代就樂(lè)于助人。 Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director、盡管她 曾就是個(gè)農(nóng)民，而現(xiàn)在就是位著名得導(dǎo)演了。 c、連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。 Although (h