(完整word)小升初形容詞副詞

1、形容詞和副詞 一. 形容詞 1. 修飾名詞，描述其性質(zhì)、品質(zhì)、特征等的詞。一般“的”的詞都是形容詞。 女口： She is a beautiful girl.（漂亮的） 2. 在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 女口： I have an interesting book. （interesting 有趣的，修飾 book,在句中作定語(yǔ) ） We are happy today. （happy快樂的，在句中作表語(yǔ) ） Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.（clean 干凈的，tidy 整潔的，在句中都作賓 語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)） 3. 多個(gè)

2、形容詞同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)的排列順序 限定詞+外觀類+形狀+年齡+顏色+國(guó)籍+材料+名詞（簡(jiǎn)記：縣官行令色國(guó)才） 女口： a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一個(gè)17歲的高個(gè)子黑皮膚美國(guó)男孩。 the big round red wooden table.又大又圓的紅色木質(zhì)飯桌。 二. 副詞： 1. 通常修飾動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作的程度、方式等。還可修飾形容詞、副詞，有時(shí)修飾整個(gè)句子，在句中 作狀語(yǔ)。一般“地”的詞都是副詞。 女口： You must listen to the teacher carefully.（仔細(xì)地，認(rèn)真地） 2. 副詞的分類 1）時(shí)間副

3、詞:now, today等 2）頻度副詞：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, n ever 2）地點(diǎn)副詞： here, there, upstairs, downstairs 等 3）方式副詞：carefully, fast, well, politely 等 4）程度副詞:much, little, quite 等 5）疑問(wèn)副詞:how, when, where, why 等 三. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化成副詞 1. 一般在形容詞后加ly,女口： quick-quickly 2. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的形容詞，變y為i,加ly,如：happy-happil

4、y 3. 以u(píng)e結(jié)尾的形容詞，去 e加ly,女口： true-truly 注：有些詞兼有形容詞和副詞的詞性，如：fast, hard, high, late, far等，它們的詞性只有通過(guò)具體語(yǔ)境 來(lái)判斷。另外，有些以ly結(jié)尾的詞不是副詞，而是形容詞，如：friendly, lovely Ionely, lively 等。 四. 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)構(gòu)成 1. 比較級(jí)：兩者之間進(jìn)行比較時(shí)形容詞和副詞的變化形式，如tall-taller, well-better 2. 最高級(jí)：三者或三者以上進(jìn)行比較時(shí)形容詞和副詞的變化形式，如Io ng-lo ngest 3. 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則：

5、 規(guī)則變化（單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)）： a. 在詞尾直接力口 -er/est,女口： short-shorter-shortest b. 詞尾是 e,只力口 -r/st,女口： nice-nicer-nicest c. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變 y為i再加-er/est,女口： happy-happier-happiest d. 重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er/est, 女口： big-bigger-biggest e. 其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，其前加 more/most,女口： more/most delicious 不規(guī)則變化：如下表（簡(jiǎn)記為：好、壞、多、少、遠(yuǎn)）

6、 詞義 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) 好 good/well better best 壞 bad/badly/ill worse worst 多 many/much more most 少 little less least 遠(yuǎn) far farther/further farthest/furthest 五形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)用法： 1.原級(jí)的用法：用于兩者之間對(duì)比，意思為和 相同”相當(dāng)于the same as 肯定句：A+動(dòng)詞.+as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as B Tom is as honest as Jack. Jack runs as fast as Peter. 否定句：A+動(dòng)詞.+n

7、ot as/so.+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as B This tree is not as/so tall as that one. 2. 比較級(jí)的用法： 1）A+動(dòng)詞+形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+than+ B Susan is happier than Jane. Lily run faster than Mary 注：形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)前還可以用much, even, still, a little , far, a lot, a bit來(lái)修飾。 2） 數(shù)字（倍數(shù)）+形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+than I m two years older than you. Our classroom is twice

8、 bigger tha n yours. 3） 比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)，表示越來(lái)越” The earth is gett ing warmer and warmer. ,就越 4) the +比較級(jí)，the +比較級(jí)，表示越 The more, the better.越多越好。(多多益善) 3. 最高級(jí)用法： 用于三者及以上的人或事物的比較，最高級(jí)前加the,最高級(jí)前有物主代詞，序數(shù)詞和名詞所有格時(shí), 不加定冠詞，后面跟帶in或of表范圍的短語(yǔ)。 1) one of the + 最高級(jí) Shan ghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China

9、. 2) 比較級(jí)句型表達(dá)最高級(jí)意義 A+動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí)+than+any other+B(單數(shù)) 女口： The Chan gjia ng River is Ion ger tha n any other river in China. A+動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí)+than+the other+B(復(fù)數(shù)) 女口： The Chan gjia ng River is Ion ger tha n the other rivers in China. 以上兩句意思相當(dāng)于：The Chan gjia ng River is the Ion gest river in China. 隨堂演練(滿分100分) 一、

10、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)(23*1分=23分) oldyoungtalllong short strongbig small fatthin heavylight nice good beautiful low high slowfast late earlyfar well 二、 根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：(23*1分=23分) 1. My brother is two years(old)tha n me. 2. Tom is as(fat) as Jim. 3. Is your sister(young) tha n you? Yes,she is. 4. Who is(t

11、hi n),you or Hele n? Hele n is. 5. Whose pen cil-box is(big),yours or hers? Hers is. 6. Mary s hair is as(long) as Lucy s. 7. Be n(jump)(high) tha n some of the boys in his class. 8. Nancy si ng(well) tha n Hele n? Yes, she. 9. Fa ngfang is not as(tall) as the other girls. 10. My eyes are(big) tha n

12、(she). 11. Which is (heavy),the elephant or the pig? 12. Who gets up (early),Tim or Tom? 13. the girls get up(early) than the boys?No,they. 14. Jim runs (slow). But Ben runs (slow).15.The child doesn t(write) as (fast) as the students. 三、小小翻譯家： ( 62*0.5 分 =31 分) 1、誰(shuí)比 Jim 年紀(jì)大？是你。 is than Jim ？ are. 2

13、、誰(shuí)比 David 更強(qiáng)壯？是 Gao Shan. than David? Gao Shan . 3、誰(shuí)的鉛筆更長(zhǎng)，他的還是她的？我想是她的。 pencil is ,or ？ is,I think. 4、誰(shuí)的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。 apples ,your or your ? My . 5、你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎？是的。 as as your uncle?Yes,I am. 6、他和他的朋友 Jim 一樣年輕。 He as as Jim. 7、她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎？不，她比他瘦。 as as twin ? No, than him. 8. Yang Ling 每天

14、睡得比 SuYang 晚。Yang Lingto than Su Yang every day. 9. 我跳得和 Mike 一樣遠(yuǎn)。I as as Mike. 10. Tom 比你跑得快嗎？不是的 ,他和我跑得一樣快。 Tom than you?No,he . He as as. 11. 多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，你會(huì)更強(qiáng)壯。 more exercise,you ll soon . 12. 我的科學(xué)很好，但是語(yǔ)文不好。I at Science.But I dont well in Chinese. 13. 你放風(fēng)箏比王兵放得高嗎？不，我比他放得低。 youthe kitethan Wang bing?No,I

15、it than_. 14. 我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like.All my than me. 15. 我的姐姐起得比我早。My up than me. 16. 女孩比男孩唱得好嗎？是的。the girls the boys? Yes,they . 17. 她不擅長(zhǎng)體育。但我跳得沒有她高。She doesn t in PE. But I don tthan. 18. 你足球踢得比你的同班同學(xué)好嗎？不，他們踢得和我一樣好。 _ you football than your classmates?No,theyasas me. 五、選詞填空（ 18*1 分 =18 分） 1. My

16、 sister is getting . A. fater and fater B. fatter and fatter C. more fatter and fatter D. more and more fatter 2. They are to us than before. A. friend B. friendlyC. more friendlyD. friendier 3. Jack is the boy our class. A. tallest. in B. taller. in C. most tall. of D. more tall. of 4. It is not wa

17、rm yesterday. Put on more clothes. A. so . on B. so. in C. as .at D. as. as 5. Hangzhou is one of cities I have visited. A. beautiful B. beauitifulier C. more beautifulD. the most beautiful 6. Both Andy and I drive slowly. Tom drives fast. So Tom drives of all. A. slowerB. the slowestC. faster D. th

18、e fastest 7 My sister is a girl. A goodB wellC very 8一 Is it your toy taxi? 一 No. it hiss AMay be BMayCMaybe 9 are you? I m , thank you A What ； good B How ； fine C What ； fine D How ； good 10一 Can you help me? . AYesBExcuse me C Certainly DHow 11The grass around my house is Very A. black B blueC gr

19、een 12 The sky is . The c1oud is A blue； redB red； brown C blue； white 13 The child is kind A muchB very muchCvery 14一 Could I use your pen ， please? . A NoB CertainlyC Excuse me 15 I go to School at 8 ： 00 am A very B much Coften 16. I have andoll. A . old beautiful B . beautiful old C. small old 1

20、7. Mr Wang is ateacher. A. tall old En glish B. En glish old tall C. old tall En glish 18. Oranges are. A . purple B . blue C. orange 課后練習(xí) 一、按要求寫出下列單詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 1.good 2.thin 3.heavy 4.happy 5.lo ng 6.little 7.far 8.careful 9.slow 10.well 11.low 12. beautiful 13.large 14.famous 15. delicious 16.i nter

21、est ing 17.importa nt 18.cheap 19.easy 20.high 、根據(jù)句意，用所給形容詞或副詞的正確形式填空 I. Jim works(hard), but his brother works(hard) tha n him. 2.lt s much(hot) today than yesterday. 3. Mr Smith is the(rich) man in this office. 4. This match is(excit ing) of the three. 5. My mother is the(busy) in my family. 6. Be

22、iji ng is one of the(beautiful) city in China. 7. This book is(in terest ing) tha n that book. 8. Which goes(quick), the bus or the car? 9. Look! His hands are( big ) tha n mine. 10. I think you do these things( well ) tha n your classmates. II. Whose bag is( heavy ), yours or mine? 12. Does Jim run

23、 as( slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs( slow ) tha n them. 13. I m very( thin ), but she s( thin ) than me. 14. My eyes are(big) tha n(she). 25. My brother is two years (old) than me. 三、單項(xiàng)選擇題 1. Which subject do you like, maths or English? A.good B.better C.well D.best 2. This red rose is of all flowers. A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful 3. My book is newer than. A.he B.his C.our D.we 4. He isstudent in his class. A.good B.betterC.