高中英語必修1第一單元Friendship閱讀課教學(xué)案例分析

1、高中英語必修1第一單元friendship閱讀課教學(xué)案例分析曾都一中英語教研組 胡小花一、學(xué)生分析教學(xué)對(duì)象為剛剛進(jìn)入高中的一年級(jí)學(xué)生，其理解能力，積累的詞匯比初中階段有了進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展，漸漸形成用英語獲取信息、處理信息、分析問題和解決問題的能力，因此在教學(xué)中特別注重提高學(xué)生用英語進(jìn)行思維和表達(dá)的能力。課堂上做到以學(xué)生為主體，教師引導(dǎo)。學(xué)生已經(jīng)完成了高中英語銜接教材的學(xué)習(xí)，在上銜接教材時(shí)我通過任務(wù)型課堂活動(dòng)，使學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)自主性得到加強(qiáng)，不再認(rèn)為英語的課堂學(xué)習(xí)很枯燥，主動(dòng)參與到活動(dòng)中去，成為課堂的主體，同時(shí)也加強(qiáng)了與他人交流合作的能力。本班是理科小班，綜合素質(zhì)是本年級(jí)最高的。盡管如此，學(xué)生的英語水平

2、也是參差不齊，因此在教學(xué)過程中，布置的任務(wù)要兼顧各個(gè)層次的學(xué)生，充分考慮學(xué)生的個(gè)體差異，使他們每個(gè)人在本節(jié)課上都有所收獲。二、教材分析本節(jié)課教材涉及“熱身(warming up)”， “讀前(pre-reading)” ，“閱讀(reading)”， “理解(comprehending)”等四個(gè)部分?！盁嵘?warming up)”部分設(shè)計(jì)了一份調(diào)查問卷，共五個(gè)問題，都是日常生活中經(jīng)常發(fā)生的真實(shí)問題，每個(gè)問題后的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是解決這些問題的常用的方法，要求學(xué)生做過之后計(jì)算出自己的得分。該部分的目的是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解日常生活中朋友之間發(fā)生的真實(shí)問題以及解決這些問題的方法，從而激發(fā)他們的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，激活其

3、已有的背景知識(shí)，使其能運(yùn)用自己已有的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)思考該單元的中心話題，以探索者的姿態(tài)投入該單元的學(xué)習(xí)，去獲取新的信息，掌握新的知識(shí)，并豐富自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提高分析問題和解決問題的能力?！白x前(pre-reading)”部分提出了三個(gè)問題：人為什么需要朋友？朋友必須是人嗎？其他東西會(huì)成為朋友嗎？這些問題不僅與單元主題有關(guān)，而且與下一部分的閱讀材料內(nèi)容緊密聯(lián)系。因此，它們不僅可以啟發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)“友誼”和“朋友”進(jìn)行思考，使學(xué)生明確不僅人與人之間可以做朋友，日記也可以成為人們的朋友，而且也可以啟發(fā)學(xué)生預(yù)測(cè)課文的內(nèi)容，展開簡(jiǎn)短的討論，以便通過閱讀驗(yàn)證自己的推測(cè)。討論時(shí)，要鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生獨(dú)立思考，闡述不同的看法?！伴喿x

4、(reading)”部分摘自安妮日記，標(biāo)題是annes best friend，講述了猶太女孩安妮把日記作為朋友，傾訴自己內(nèi)心感受的一段故事：二戰(zhàn)中為躲避納粹的迫害，她和家人不得不藏身于荷蘭阿姆斯特丹的一個(gè)小閣樓里，不能與外界接觸，周圍又沒有可以推心置腹、與之深談的朋友。孤獨(dú)之中她將日記作為朋友傾訴衷腸，在寫日記的過程中尋求解決問題的方法。教材的設(shè)計(jì)目的，不僅僅是對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行閱讀理解的訓(xùn)練，更重要的是通過閱讀幫助學(xué)生對(duì)“朋友”和“友誼”有進(jìn)一步的理解。因此，教師應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生了解納粹迫害猶太人的那段歷史，使學(xué)生在感受外國(guó)文化的同時(shí)自然而然地習(xí)得語言。只有了解當(dāng)時(shí)的歷史背景，才能深刻理解安妮當(dāng)時(shí)的心境

5、和為什么將日記視為自己的朋友。在此基礎(chǔ)上，教師可引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)該文章進(jìn)行全面整體理解，也可以給學(xué)生設(shè)置情景，引發(fā)他們的思考。例如：“如果你是安妮，你會(huì)怎么做？”、“如果你三天不許出門，呆在一個(gè)幾平方米的小閣樓上，你會(huì)做什么？”，這樣可以使學(xué)生通過體驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)，感悟語境，以達(dá)到強(qiáng)化學(xué)生語言意識(shí)，積累語言經(jīng)驗(yàn)的目的?！袄斫?comprehending)”部分提供了四個(gè)練習(xí)。通過連句、問答題、填表格等的形式幫助學(xué)生對(duì)課文內(nèi)容、細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行更深入地理解。問題的設(shè)計(jì)由淺到深，由課內(nèi)到結(jié)合自己的實(shí)際，使學(xué)生逐步加深對(duì)“朋友”和“友誼”的理解。這階段要盡量挖掘?qū)W生的學(xué)習(xí)潛能，注意給他們提供充分的思維時(shí)間和空間。讓學(xué)生做

6、學(xué)習(xí)的主人，學(xué)會(huì)自己解決問題。三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)1. 語言知識(shí)目標(biāo)重點(diǎn)單詞：addpointupsetignorecalmconcernloosecheatreasonlistsharefeelingnetherlandsgermanoutdoorscrazynaturepurposedarethunderentirelypoweraccordingtrustindoorssufferteenager重點(diǎn)短語：add upcalm downhave got tobe concerned about walk the doggo throughhide awayset downa series o

7、fon purposein order toin ones powerface to faceaccording toget along withfall in lovejoin in2. 語言能力目標(biāo)：(1). 能運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言講述朋友間發(fā)生的事情以及朋友間的友誼和友情。(2). 掌握理解本單元關(guān)于友誼、友情的內(nèi)容和基本的閱讀技巧。(3). 學(xué)會(huì)用英語交流談?wù)撚颜x、友情和朋友方面的話題，并學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度等的表達(dá)方法。3情感目標(biāo)：通過學(xué)習(xí)討論本單元的內(nèi)容，使學(xué)生加深對(duì)友誼、友情、朋友的理解，學(xué)會(huì)如何正確交友處友，正確對(duì)待友誼友情，恰當(dāng)處理朋友間發(fā)生的問題等。四、教學(xué)策略設(shè)計(jì) 以任務(wù)型教學(xué)為

8、主體，按照由淺入深，由整體到局部設(shè)計(jì)四個(gè)任務(wù)，讓學(xué)生在弄懂文章結(jié)構(gòu)的同時(shí)，理解文章意思以及背后的更深層次的寓意，受到心靈的洗禮碰撞。五、教學(xué)過程設(shè)計(jì)step. lead-in （5 min）enjoy the song thats what friends are for with the students. ask the students to find out what it is about.設(shè)計(jì)說明：通過本環(huán)節(jié)讓學(xué)生開始思考課文主題“友誼”。step 2. pre-reading （8 min）ask the students the following questions so a

9、s to begin to focus students attention on the main topic of the reading passage.1. why do you need friends? make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.2. what do you think a good friend should be like? list the good qualities a good friend should have.3. does a friend always have to be

10、a person? what else can be your friend?4. have you ever considered making friends with animals, plants or even an object? why or why not?(the teacher can also tell students some background before starting to read. this is a true story. it took place in amsterdam, holland in the early 1940s after ger

11、man nazis had occupied most of europe. they killed many jews. to avoid being killed, some jewish families went into hiding, often with the help of non-jewish friends. this is what annes family did. )設(shè)計(jì)說明：通過本環(huán)節(jié)縮小話題范圍，將學(xué)生的思維引向課文。step 3. reading tasks （17 min）task 1. get the students to try to guess wh

12、at annes friend was and what the passage is about by reading the title and having a quick look at the pictures in this passage without reading it.task 2. get the students to skim the first two paragraphs to confirm their guessing.task 3. have the class to read the passage silently and then ask them

13、to answer the following questions.1) what was annes best friend? why did she make friends with it?2) did she have any other true friends then? why?3) what is the difference between annes diary and those of most people?4) do you keep a diary? what do you think most people set down in their diaries?5)

14、 we are going to read one of annes diaries, but before reading, can you tell me what the diary is about with the help of one key sentence in the second paragraph?task 4. reading annes diary1) while reading, guess the meanings of “spellbound”, “hold me entirely in their power” from the discourse.2) a

15、fter reading, ask the students how anne felt in the hiding place and get them to give the two examples to show her feelings then.3) choose the best answer according to the diary.(1)anne made friends with her diary because_.a. she didnt like her other friendsb. she was a shy girlc. she trusted nobody

16、d. she didnt have a chance to communicate with her friends(2)from the diary we can infer that_.a. anne was a girl who loves natureb. anne was good at writing diariesc. anne was longing for a normal life and she especially missed going outside and enjoying natured. anne had good observation in her da

17、ily life(3)why did anne and her family have to hide?a. because they were not germans.b. because they were asked to do so.c. because they did something bad.d. because they were jewish.(4)what is the authors attitude towards anne in this passage?a. angry. b. happy. c. sorry. d. disappointed.(5)what is

18、 annes tone from her diary?a. sad. b. hopeful. c. disappointed d. angry.(6)what made anne crazy about nature?a. her interest in nature.b. she had no friends.c. she couldnt get outdoors for a long time.d. she could do nothing but watch nature.suggested answers:(1)d(2)c(3)d(4)c(5)a(6)c4)ask the studen

19、ts to read the diary again and try to retell it. the retelling must include the information required below:sample retelling:the diary by anne, a jewish girl, gave a glimpse of her life during her familys shelter in amsterdam from the german nazis killing in the second world war. she treated the diar

20、y as her best friend, and in it she revealed her longing for a normal life and close contact with nature, which helped her get through the days. 設(shè)計(jì)說明：通過本環(huán)節(jié)四個(gè)閱讀任務(wù)讓學(xué)生從不同角度理解課文。step 4 post-reading （12 min）1. get the students to do the exercises in the part comprehending.this part helps students further

21、 understand the text by doing multiple choices, questions and answers, and matching.2. group workthink about and work in groups to discuss the following questions.1) what would you do if your family were going to be killed just because they did something the emperor did not like?2) where would you p

22、lan to hide?3) how would you arrange to get food given to you every day?4) what would you do to pass the time?設(shè)計(jì)說明：通過本環(huán)節(jié)討論讓學(xué)生操練運(yùn)用友誼相關(guān)詞匯，并形成對(duì)友誼的共識(shí)。step 5 consolidation （8 min）1. books shut. get the students to tell something about anne.2. books open. get the students to discover useful words and expr

23、essions from the part reading to complete the following sentences.show the exercises on the screen or give out exercise papers.1) she has grown_ about computer games.2) was it an accident or did david do it on_?3) from the beginning, paul made it clear that he would be_(完全地) in control.4) he used to

24、 work_ even in the middle of winter.5) _ get her boyfriend to find her, she_ for many years.6) _ what he said, we can draw a conclusion that he just told_ white lies.7) born in a poor family, the president_ lots of hardships in his childhood.8) a diary is often kept to_ what happens in peoples daily lives.9) when they met with each other on a quiet evening at the end of the street, they said nothing _.first get the students to do the exercises. then the answers are given. the teacher can give them explanations where neces