第2課時(shí)—主謂一致

1、主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致 The crowd in the stands isis cheering loudly as the home team takes the field. Smith and his two sons areare to arrive on the evening flight.單個(gè)的名詞單個(gè)的名詞從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；如果用 and and 或或 both and both and 連接兩個(gè)以連接兩個(gè)以上的成分上的成分作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。但是，1、當(dāng) and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞是指同一個(gè)人、同一件事，即and 后面的名詞前又無(wú)冠詞(如：My friend and ro

2、ommate)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用單數(shù)；2、如果后面那個(gè)名詞前面加上了冠詞，主語(yǔ)則變成了復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)。如：My friend and the classmate Jane；3、如果 and 后面的名詞前加了 not，主語(yǔ)又變成單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式，如 The farmer，and not the city dweller，is hurt when food price falls判斷主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù) Singular Singular Subjects Subjects Plural Subjects Plural Subjects It It depends depends 單數(shù)名詞 有附加短語(yǔ)的

3、單數(shù)名詞 集合名詞 大部分的不定代詞 用 each 和 every 修飾 的名詞 the number of . 短語(yǔ)或從句做主語(yǔ) and連接的復(fù)合主語(yǔ) A number of . or 或者nor 連接Not onlybut also some, any , none, all, more/most 其他表示數(shù)量的短語(yǔ)幾種特殊的形式 A with B/ A, including B/ A as well as B/ A, together with B/ A, along with B 等形式作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要保持和A一致，不受B的影響。 Part of/ all of/ some of/ m

4、ajority of/ minority of/ 百分?jǐn)?shù) of等形式作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)of后面的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)來決定。 A body of/ a collection of/ an array of/ a group of 等形式作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。 若是“名詞或代詞+each”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式與 each 之前名詞的形式保持一 致，不受 each 的影響，如：The students each havehave a book The average of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)（.的平均數(shù)），謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。An average of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)（平均），謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)

5、。 專有名詞，表示時(shí)間、距離、度量的名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。 Joe, as well as his friends, is going to the beach. Each child, teenager, and adult was wearing a seat belt on the bus. The number of hardworking students in this class is quite large. The majority of the students in this class are hard workers. There is a group of mon

6、keys in the innermost depths of the forest.GMAT中主謂一致的考察方式Japans abundant rainfall and the typically mild temperatures throughout most of the country have produced a lush vegetation cover and, despite the mountainous terrain and generally poor soils, has made it possible to raise a variety of crops.J

7、apansJapans abundant rainfall and the typically mild temperatures abundant rainfall and the typically mild temperatures throughout most of the country have produced have produced a lush vegetation cover andand, despite the mountainous terrain and generally poor soils, has made has made it possible t

8、o raise a variety of crops.The number The number of car accidents involving deer, up seventeen percent form ten years ago and continuing to rise throughout the country, have decreased have decreased in Michigans Upper Peninsula due to the increased use of car-mounted deer whistles by residents. Erne

9、st Hemingway and his contemporariesErnest Hemingway and his contemporaries, all of whom were authors born at the turn of century, waswas revered for describing the sense of aimlessness felt by their generation.倒裝句中的主謂一致問題1. There be 句型Wrong: There is a young man and an older woman at the bus stop.Fl

10、ip it: A young man and an older woman are there at the bus stop.Right: There are a young man and an older woman at the bus stop.“there bethere be”句型中句型中 be be 用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，由后面的真正主語(yǔ)而定用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，由后面的真正主語(yǔ)而定。2.倒裝句It was Mary who _ the job wellIt was Mary who _ the job well倒裝句倒裝句的謂語(yǔ)與后面的后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致；在強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)

11、時(shí)，記住 who 后 的謂語(yǔ)的單、復(fù)數(shù)要與 who who 前面的前面的真正主語(yǔ)真正主語(yǔ)保持一致，如：It was Mary who does the job well(does 對(duì)應(yīng) Mary)。定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致 (1) 在“nof nthat 定語(yǔ)從句”中，that 從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。 一般來說，of 之前的名詞是先行詞，但有時(shí) of 之后的名詞也可作 that 從句的先行詞(這需從 邏輯上判斷)。 (2) 在“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that(who)從句”中，從句中的動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，因?yàn)榇藭r(shí) that 的先行詞是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，而在“the only one(the

12、 first one)of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that(who)從句”中，從 句中的動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)，因?yàn)榇藭r(shí) that 的先行詞是單數(shù)名詞 one。 注意插入語(yǔ)對(duì)于主謂一致的影響。 注意劃線和未劃線部分的一致的問題。主謂一致考點(diǎn)檢測(cè)The period when the great painted caves at Lascaux and Altamira were occupied by Upper Paleolithic peoples has been established by carbon dating, but what is much more difficult to determi

13、ne are the use to which primitive peoples put the caves, the reason for their decoration, and the meaning of the magnificently depicted animals.A. has been established by carbon dating, but what is much more difficult to determine areB. have been established by carbon dating, but what is much more d

14、ifficult to determine areC. have been established by carbon dating, but that which is much more difficult to determine isD. has been established by carbon dating, but what is much more difficult to determine is E. are established by carbon dating, but that which is much more difficult to determine i

15、sNot one of the potential investors is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreement is signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were not to be concluded.A. is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreement is signe

16、d that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were B. is expected to make an offer for buying First Interstate Bank until they sign a merger agreement including a provision for penalties if the deal wasC. is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreement be s

17、igned by them with a provision for penalties if the deal wereD. are expected to make an offer for buying First Interstate Bank until it signs a merger agreement with a provision for penalties included if the deal wasE. are expected to be making an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until they sign a

18、 merger agreement including a provision for penalties if the deal wereBiologists believe that they have found one of the substances that tell individual genes both when to become active and when to remain quiescent in the earliest phases of an embryos development.(A) tell individual genes both when

19、to become active and when to remain (B) tell individual genes both at which time they should become active or should remain(C) tells individual genes both when to become active or remain(D) tells individual genes both when to become active or when to remain(E) will tell an individual gene both about

20、 when it should become active and remainSince 1981, when the farm depression began, the number of acres overseen by professional farm-management companies have grown from 48 million to nearly 59 million, an area that is about Colorados size.A. have grown from 48 million to nearly 59 million, an area

21、 that is about Colorados sizeB. have grown from 48 million to nearly 59 million, about the size of ColoradoC. has grown from 48 million to nearly 59 million, an area about the size of Colorado D. has grown from 48 million up to nearly 59 million, an area about the size of ColoradosE. has grown from

22、48 million up to nearly 59 million, about Colorados sizeEach of Hemingways wives-Hadley Richardson. Pauline Pfeiffer. Martha Gelhom. and Mary Welsh -were strong and interesting women, very different from the often pallid women who populate his novels.A. Each of Hemingways wives-Hadley Richardson, Pa

23、uline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhom, and Mary Welsh-were strong and interesting women,B. Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh-each of them Hemingways wives-were strong and, interesting women,C. Hemingways wives-Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhom, and Mary Welsh-were all strong and interesting women,D. Strong and interesting womenHadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhom, and Mary Welsh-each a wife of Hemingway, wasE. Strong and interesting womenHadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhom, a