推薦中考專項(xiàng)--交際用語(yǔ)王香華

1、12考考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)解解讀讀：交際是一種綜合性測(cè)試題，考查學(xué)生在具體的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中正確運(yùn)用所交際是一種綜合性測(cè)試題，考查學(xué)生在具體的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中正確運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)交流思想，表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的能力。符合課標(biāo)中強(qiáng)調(diào)以交際為主學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)交流思想，表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的能力。符合課標(biāo)中強(qiáng)調(diào)以交際為主的原則，是以書面形式考查交際能力的一種形式。情景交際測(cè)試的常的原則，是以書面形式考查交際能力的一種形式。情景交際測(cè)試的常見題型是：見題型是：1單項(xiàng)選擇單項(xiàng)選擇。設(shè)置一定的情景，然后根據(jù)情景配備四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求考。設(shè)置一定的情景，然后根據(jù)情景配備四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求考生根據(jù)提供的情景選出最佳答案。生根據(jù)提供的情景選出最佳答案。2補(bǔ)全對(duì)話補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。

2、這里又分兩種題型：。這里又分兩種題型：(1)要求學(xué)生從所給選項(xiàng)中選擇句子要求學(xué)生從所給選項(xiàng)中選擇句子補(bǔ)全對(duì)話；補(bǔ)全對(duì)話；(2)填入適當(dāng)?shù)木渥?，使?duì)話完整、通順。填入適當(dāng)?shù)木渥?，使?duì)話完整、通順。情景交際的內(nèi)容包括常用社交用語(yǔ)，常見日常詢問和情感態(tài)度。主要情景交際的內(nèi)容包括常用社交用語(yǔ)，常見日常詢問和情感態(tài)度。主要涉及初中教材中的涉及初中教材中的問候、介紹、告別、打電話、感謝和應(yīng)答、祝愿、問候、介紹、告別、打電話、感謝和應(yīng)答、祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答、意愿、遺憾和同情、邀請(qǐng)和應(yīng)答、提供祝賀和應(yīng)答、意愿、遺憾和同情、邀請(qǐng)和應(yīng)答、提供(幫助等幫助等)和應(yīng)答、和應(yīng)答、請(qǐng)求允許和應(yīng)答、表示同意和不同意、談?wù)撎鞖?/p>

3、、問候和應(yīng)答、購(gòu)物、請(qǐng)求允許和應(yīng)答、表示同意和不同意、談?wù)撎鞖?、問候和?yīng)答、購(gòu)物、問時(shí)間或日期和應(yīng)答、勸告和建議、就餐、看病、求助問時(shí)間或日期和應(yīng)答、勸告和建議、就餐、看病、求助等等30多個(gè)交際多個(gè)交際功能項(xiàng)目。同學(xué)們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中，要熟讀、背誦課本中相關(guān)主題的功能項(xiàng)目。同學(xué)們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中，要熟讀、背誦課本中相關(guān)主題的對(duì)話。對(duì)話。同時(shí)，要特別注意由于同時(shí)，要特別注意由于中西文化中西文化不同，交際應(yīng)答也有很大的區(qū)別。例不同，交際應(yīng)答也有很大的區(qū)別。例如，遇到別人對(duì)你的贊揚(yáng)，你需要用如，遇到別人對(duì)你的贊揚(yáng)，你需要用“thank you.”做答，而漢語(yǔ)卻會(huì)做答，而漢語(yǔ)卻會(huì)說諸如說諸如“過獎(jiǎng)了過獎(jiǎng)了

4、”之類的話。中考中，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)之類的話。中考中，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)“貌似貌似”正確的正確的“中中國(guó)式國(guó)式”應(yīng)答的選項(xiàng)。應(yīng)答的選項(xiàng)。3情景交際情景交際單選題解單選題解“五忌五忌”4情景交際情景交際單選題解題單選題解題“五忌五忌”56 7i wonder if i could use your telephone. _. （2009上海上海27）a. i wonder how b. i dont wonder c. sorry, its out of order d. no wonder, here it is 8u顯然，掌握英漢兩種語(yǔ)言和文化顯然，掌握英漢兩種語(yǔ)言和文化之間的相同和相異之處，對(duì)于準(zhǔn)確之間的相

5、同和相異之處，對(duì)于準(zhǔn)確解題至關(guān)重要。解題至關(guān)重要。u我們解題失誤之一是按漢語(yǔ)的表我們解題失誤之一是按漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)方式和結(jié)構(gòu)去套英語(yǔ)，去選答案，達(dá)方式和結(jié)構(gòu)去套英語(yǔ)，去選答案，這屬于語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的這屬于語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的“負(fù)遷移負(fù)遷移”。 u與上詞下用比較，這一誤區(qū)更具與上詞下用比較，這一誤區(qū)更具迷惑力，因?yàn)闊o論按題目?jī)?nèi)容或是迷惑力，因?yàn)闊o論按題目?jī)?nèi)容或是按思維方式來考慮，都非常符合中按思維方式來考慮，都非常符合中國(guó)學(xué)生的習(xí)慣。國(guó)學(xué)生的習(xí)慣。9-do you think its going to rain over the weekend?- .a.i dont believe.b.i dont believ

6、e it.c.i believe not so.d.i believe not.d.i believe not.10-id like to invite you to dinner tomorrow.-oh, no. thats too much trouble.-thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.-please dont say so.-hi, havent seen you for ages! you look fine!-oh, no.im very sorry, butim glad you like it.thanks.

7、you look well, too.套用中國(guó)文化模式，套用中國(guó)文化模式，違背英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的思違背英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的思維方式和文化習(xí)俗維方式和文化習(xí)俗11三三 忌直接回絕忌直接回絕這主要是指在對(duì)方要求得到這主要是指在對(duì)方要求得到幫助，提出請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng)時(shí)，幫助，提出請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng)時(shí)，回答過于直接，不夠委婉，回答過于直接，不夠委婉，盡管從語(yǔ)義角度分析是沒毛盡管從語(yǔ)義角度分析是沒毛病的，但不符合英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的病的，但不符合英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的交際習(xí)慣。交際習(xí)慣。12i didnt know this was a one way street, officer. _（2000,上海，45） a. thats all right. b

8、. i dont believe you.c. how dare you say that? d. sorry, but thats no excused. sorry, but thats no excuse13 14 15一、要掌握常用的功能意念會(huì)話項(xiàng)目，特別一、要掌握常用的功能意念會(huì)話項(xiàng)目，特別是一些口語(yǔ)式的固定搭配。是一些口語(yǔ)式的固定搭配。二、要理解對(duì)話交際場(chǎng)合和交際意圖，理出二、要理解對(duì)話交際場(chǎng)合和交際意圖，理出答題思路。答題思路。-pleased to meet you.-it doesnt matter.對(duì)對(duì) 策策1617never mind“never mind”意為“沒關(guān)系”

9、 “不要緊”,常應(yīng)用于下列場(chǎng)合: 1) 回答對(duì)方的致歉回答對(duì)方的致歉im sorry. i came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.never mind. you can have ours. 2) 回答對(duì)方的求助回答對(duì)方的求助 sorry to trouble you. never mind. what can i do for you? 4）用來謝絕別人的提供，意為：不用啦；別費(fèi)事啦。）用來謝絕別人的提供，意為：不用啦；別費(fèi)事啦。can i help you with it? 要我?guī)湍阕鲞@事嗎?never mind. 別費(fèi)心啦。3) 安慰對(duì)方安慰對(duì)

10、方 did you watch the baseball match yesterday? no, i missed it. by the time i got there, it had alreadyfinished. never mind. it was a boring match. 18dont mention it1. 用來回答感謝或類似于感謝的句子，意為：不用謝；用來回答感謝或類似于感謝的句子，意為：不用謝；不客不客 氣；不要這樣說；哪里哪里。氣；不要這樣說；哪里哪里。a：thank you very much. b：dont mention it. a：the film was

11、 wonderful. thank you for inviting me.b：dont mention it. im glad you enjoyed it. 2. 用來回答道歉，意為：沒關(guān)系。用來回答道歉，意為：沒關(guān)系。 a：i apologize for what i said. b：dont mention it. 19forget (about) it1. 用來回答感謝，意為：算不了什么，不用謝了。用來回答感謝，意為：算不了什么，不用謝了。a：thanks a lot. b：forget it. 2. 用來回答道歉，意為：沒關(guān)系用來回答道歉，意為：沒關(guān)系a：im sorry for

12、what i said. b：forget it! i dont remember anyway. 3. 表示不想提及或無關(guān)緊要，意為：忘了它吧；表示不想提及或無關(guān)緊要，意為：忘了它吧；別別提了；提了； 別放在心上別放在心上a：how much do i owe you? b：forget it. 4. 表示不愿重復(fù)說過的話，意為：沒什么；別提了。表示不愿重復(fù)說過的話，意為：沒什么；別提了。a：sorry, what did you say? b：oh，forget it.5. 表示否定，意為：不行；表示否定，意為：不行； 休想；休想； 不可能；不可能； 別抱什么希望別抱什么希望a：ill t

13、ake the small truck. b：and leave me to drive the other one? forget it.20not really1. 表示輕微的否定，意為表示輕微的否定，意為“不很不很”。a：do you want to come along?b：not really. 2. 表示懷疑或不相信，意為表示懷疑或不相信，意為“不會(huì)吧不會(huì)吧”“”“不見得不見得”“”“不會(huì)是真不會(huì)是真的吧的吧”a：they got married last month. b：not really. 3. 表示語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)的否定，意為表示語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)的否定，意為“真的沒有真的沒有”“”“的確

14、沒有的確沒有”。a：did you watch the news on tv last night? b：not really. 21come on 1用來表示請(qǐng)求、鼓勵(lì)、勸說等，意為：來吧；行啦。用來表示請(qǐng)求、鼓勵(lì)、勸說等，意為：來吧；行啦。 come on, bill, you can tell me, i wont tell anybody. 2用來催促別人快走用來催促別人快走(做做)，意為：快點(diǎn)。，意為：快點(diǎn)。 come on, its getting dark. come on, mr. wang is waiting. 3.表示責(zé)備或不耐煩，意為：得啦；行啦；夠啦。表示責(zé)備或不耐煩

15、，意為：得啦；行啦；夠啦。come on, dont sit there dreaming. oh, jane, come on, for goodness sake. 4.用于挑戰(zhàn)或激怒對(duì)方，意為：來吧；好吧；試試吧。用于挑戰(zhàn)或激怒對(duì)方，意為：來吧；好吧；試試吧。come on! im not afraid of you.5.用于體育競(jìng)賽等場(chǎng)合鼓勵(lì)隊(duì)員，意為：加油。用于體育競(jìng)賽等場(chǎng)合鼓勵(lì)隊(duì)員，意為：加油。 “come on! come on! ” shouted the audience again and again. “22體體 驗(yàn)驗(yàn) 中中 考考補(bǔ)補(bǔ) 全全 對(duì)對(duì) 話話23assistan

16、t:can i help you?jane:yes,please. 1. i want a suit .assistant:may i know who it is for? maybe i can give you some help.jane:for myself. i will have a two-month holiday. i want to be in kfc as a part-time worker.assistant:i see.2. what color do you like ? jane:umi prefer light blue.assistant:therere

17、many styles of suits.3. what do you think of this one ?jane:its soft and nice. i really like it. can i try it on now?assistant:of course. its suitable for you to wear at work.jane:thanks so much.4assistant:it is made of cotton(棉棉).its cheap and nice.jane:great!5. ill takebuyget it .here is the money

18、.assistant:thanks.what color do you prefer?how do you like this one?24(eric came back home from school on friday evening)eric:hi,dad! im back.dad:hmm,eric!how was your study this week?eric:pretty good.and i have good news to tell you.do you want to know?dad:of course. i 1. ?eric:i won first prize in

19、 the english speech contest.dad:well done.2. your science?any progress?eric:yes,dad!at least i tried my best and learned a lot from my mistakes.dad:good! im sure that you can catch up with your classmates very soon.eric:thank you,dad! ive been busy these days and i feel tired. shall we3. tomorrow?da

20、d:a picnic?why not?we all need to relax ourselves.eric:great!4. ?and what time?dad:lets go to central park at 8:00 in the morning.eric:5. ?dad:the radio says its a fine day. finish your homework first and we can help mum do something for the picnic.eric:thats wonderful,dad.25a:excuse me.is there a p

21、ost office near here?b:sorry, i dont know. youd better ask the policeman over there. he may know.a:1. .b: excuse me.2. ?c:go down this street and take the first turning on the right. go across the bridge and youll find the post office on the left. its between the city library and the hospital.3. .a:

22、ok.4. .c:its about 30 minutes walk. youd better catch a bus.a:5. ?c:i think you need a number 16 bus. the bus will take you there.a:thank you very much.c:youre welcome.26a:hello,fangfang.we are looking for you everywhere.1. b:i went to school library . whats up?a:were going to help the children in hospotal. will you join us?b:of course.2. ?a:this saturday morning. well stay there for the whole day.b:thats great.