畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯-信息管理系統(tǒng)

1、外文資料:information management systemwiliam k.thomson u.s.aabstract:an information storage, searching and retrieval system for large (gigabytes) domains of archived textual dam. the system includes multiple query generation processes, a search process, and a presentation of search results that is sorte

2、d by category or type and that may be customized based on the professional discipline(or analogous personal characteristic of the user), thereby reducing the amount of time and cost required to retrieve relevant results.keyword:information management retrieval system object-orientedl.intruductionthi

3、s invention relates to an information storage, searching and retrieval system that incorporates a novel organization for presentation of search results from large (gigabytes) domains of archived textual data.2.backgroudn of the inventiononline information retrieval systems are utilized for searching

4、 and retrieving many kinds of information. most systems used today work in essentially the same manner; that is, users log on (through a computer terminal or personal microcomputer, and typically from a remote location), select a source of information (ie, a particular database) which is usually som

5、ething less than the complete domain, formulate a query, launch the search, and then review the search results displayed on the terminal or microcomputer, typically with documents (or summaries of documents) displayed in reverse chronological order. this process must be repeated each time another so

6、urce (database) or group of sources is selected (which is frequently necessary in order to insure all relevant documents have been found).additionally, this process places on the user the burden of organizing and assimilating the multiple results generated from the launch of the same query in each o

7、f the multiple sources (databases) that the user needs (or wants) to search. present systems that allow searching of large domains require persons seeking information in these domains to attempt to modify their queries to reduce the search results to a size that the user can assimilate by browsing t

8、hrough them (thus, potentially eliminating relevant results).in many cases end users have been forced to use an intermediary (i.e., a professional searcher) because the current collections of sources are both complex and extensive, and effective search strategies often vary significantly from one so

9、urce to another. even with such guidance, potential relevant answers are missed because all potentially relevant databases or information sources are not searched on every query. much effort has been expended on refining and improving source selection by grouping sources or database files together.

10、significant effort has also been expended on query formulation through the use of knowledge bases and natural language processing. however, as the groupings of sources become larger, and the responses to more comprehensive search queries become more complete, the person seeking information is often

11、faced with the daunting task of sifting through large unorganized answer sets in an attempt to find the most relevant documents or information.3-summary of the inventionthe invention provides an information storage, searching and retrieval system for a large domain of archived data of various types,

12、 in which the results of a search are organized into discrete types of documents and groups of document types so that users may easily identify relevant information more efficiently and more conveniently than systems currently in use. the system of the invention includes means for storing a large do

13、main of data contained in multiple source records, at least some of the source records being comprised of individual documents of multiple document types; means for searching substantially all of the domain with a single search query to identify documents responsive to the query; and means for categ

14、orizing documents responsive to the query based on document type, including means for generating a summary of the number of documents responsive to the query which fall within various predetermined categories of document types.the query generation process may contain a knowledge base including a the

15、saurus that has predetermined and embedded complex search queries, or use natural language processing, or fuzzy logic, or tree structures, or hierarchical relationship or a set of commands that allow persons seeking information to formulate their queries.the search process can utilize any index and

16、search engine techniques including boolean, vector, and probabilistic as long as a substantial portion of the entire domain of archived textual data is searched for each query and all documents found are returned to the organizing process.the sorting/categorization process prepares the search result

17、s for presentation by assembling the various document types retrieved by the search engine and then arranging these basic document types into sometimes broader categories that are readily understood by and relevant to the user.the search results are then presented to the user and arranged by categor

18、y along with an indication as to the number of relevant documents found in each category. the user may then examine search results in multiple formats, allowing the user to view as much of the document as the user deems necessary.4.brief description of the drawingsfig. 1 is a block diagram illustrat

19、ing an information retrieval system of the invention;fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a query formulation and search process utilized in the invention;figue 3user.user.efnursaidsaidsu0 selectsur< selects concept to seirctcse 1conceptto seirctcse 1fxtcuttd by $mf(h proc«$ngfxtcuttd by $mf(h p

20、roc«$ngrauitt as presented 壞 c*tegory:ust hxmat ts pretecneduser selects c*w»v vi ilsvsekxu addtmnai ftxmau (otmaiiadbtfc shokl rmxamwgeda cdmuftf) r.2m 1”4akubw"2 jj0f mi*fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a sorting process for organizing and presenting search results. pt 9 j】1iiibbl.沖

21、jif1jj11cmi4hiiii.eeujoasmdu 一25.best mode for carrying out the inventionas is illustrated in the block diagram of fig. 1 、 the information retrieval system of the invention includes an input/output process ,a query generation process, a search process that involves a large domain of textual data (t

22、ypically in the multiple gigabyte range), an organizing process, presentation of the information to the user, and a process to identify and characterize the types of documents contained in the large domain of data.turning now to fig. 2, the query generation process preferably includes a knowledge ba

23、se containing a thesaurus and a note pad, and preferably utilizes embedded predefined complex boolean strategies. such a system allows the user to enter their description of the information needed using simple words/phrases made up of nnaturalh language and to rely on the system to assist in generat

24、ing the full search query, which would include, e.g.,. synonyms and alternate phraseology. the user can then request, by a command such as "vi co r to view the complete document selected from the list, giving, in this case, complete information about the identity and credentials of the expert.f

25、ig. 3 illustrates how five typical sources of information (i.e., source records) can be sorted into many document types and then subsequently into categories. for example, a typical trade magazine may contain several types of information such as editorials, regular columns, feature articles, news, p

26、roduct announcements, and a calendar of events. th叫 the trade magazine (ie, the source record) may be sorted into these various document types, and these document types in turn may be categorized or grouped into categories contained in one or more sets of categories; each document type typically wil

27、l be sorted into one category within a set of categories, but the individual categories within each set will vary from one set to another. for example, one set of categories may be established for a first characteristic type of user, and a different set of categories may be established for a second

28、characteristic type of user. when a user corresponding to type #1 executes a search, the system automatically utilizes the categories of set #1, corresponding to that particular type of user, in organizing the results of the search for review by the user. when a user from type #2 executes a search,

29、however, the system automatically utilizes the categories of set #2 in presenting the search results to the user.the information storage, searching and retrieval system of the invention resolves the common difficulties in typical on-line information retrieval systems that operate on large (e.g., 2 g

30、igabytes or more) domains of textual data, query generation, source selection, and organizing search results. the information base with the thesaurus and embedded search strategies allows users to generate expert search queries in their own unaturaln language. source (i.e., database) selection is no

31、t an issue because the search engines are capable of searching substantially the entire domain on every query. moreover, the unique presentation of search results by category set substantially reduces the time and cost of performing repetitive searches in multiple databases and therefore of efficien

32、tly retrieving relevant search results.while a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described, it should be understood that various changes, adaptations and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.屮文譯

33、文：信息管理系統(tǒng)wiliam k.thomson u.s.a摘要：一個(gè)信息存儲(chǔ)，查詢(xún)和檢索系統(tǒng)主要應(yīng)用于大（千兆字節(jié)）的需要存檔的文字領(lǐng)域。該 系統(tǒng)包括多個(gè)查詢(xún)產(chǎn)生過(guò)程和一個(gè)搜索過(guò)程。而查詢(xún)的結(jié)果i般是按類(lèi)別和類(lèi)型進(jìn)行排序 的，檢索字段是由個(gè)人決定的，在查詢(xún)的過(guò)程中，可能基于這個(gè)搜索結(jié)果查看到多個(gè)相關(guān) 的信息（或類(lèi)似的用戶個(gè)人特點(diǎn)介紹），從而減少了搜索結(jié)果是所需的吋間和費(fèi)用。 關(guān)鍵詞：信息管理；檢索系統(tǒng)；面向?qū)ο?. 簡(jiǎn)介信息的存儲(chǔ)，查詢(xún)和檢索系統(tǒng)，主要應(yīng)用原文檔數(shù)據(jù)比較大的文檔，利用搜索條件和 索引字段可以快速查詢(xún)結(jié)果。2. 開(kāi)發(fā)背景網(wǎng)上查詢(xún)系統(tǒng)主要用于查詢(xún)和檢索在線的各種各樣的信息。今天所

34、使用的多數(shù)系統(tǒng)實(shí) 際上采用的是同一方式。也就是說(shuō)，用戶登錄（通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)終端或個(gè)人微機(jī)，或者是遠(yuǎn)程 登錄），選擇一個(gè)信息源（比如一個(gè)特定的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)），通常是一些不完整的檢索條件，開(kāi)始 查詢(xún)，啟動(dòng)搜索，然后查詢(xún)結(jié)果將顯示在計(jì)算機(jī)終端或個(gè)人微機(jī)上，且查詢(xún)結(jié)果一般按照 時(shí)間的順序顯示。在查詢(xún)過(guò)程中，會(huì)不斷的重復(fù)查詢(xún)每一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源或一組數(shù)據(jù)源，為了 確保搜索出所有相關(guān)的文件，這個(gè)重復(fù)是非常必要的。另外，這個(gè)查詢(xún)過(guò)程也給用戶帶來(lái) 一定的負(fù)擔(dān)，他要根據(jù)從同一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)源查詢(xún)出的多個(gè)結(jié)果，進(jìn)行歸納和總結(jié)。而目前的系 統(tǒng)可以搜尋大的數(shù)據(jù)，在這過(guò)程中要求人們尋求信息或試圖修改他們的查詢(xún)條件，以減少 不必要的搜索結(jié)果（消

35、滅潛在的相關(guān)結(jié)果），使用戶查詢(xún)到真正要查的數(shù)據(jù)。在許多情況 下，用戶被迫使用中介（例如專(zhuān)業(yè)的搜索引擎），因?yàn)楫?dāng)前收藏的來(lái)源是復(fù)雜和廣泛的, 并且有效的搜索策略經(jīng)常從一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源變化到另一個(gè)。即使你按照這樣操作，也有可能 錯(cuò)過(guò)相關(guān)的答案，因?yàn)樗锌赡芟嚓P(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)或信息來(lái)源并不在每一次搜索查詢(xún)中。所以 就要付出很大的努力改善和提高數(shù)據(jù)源的選擇，更大的努力在操作查詢(xún)時(shí)所制定的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 語(yǔ)言。然而，當(dāng)面對(duì)變得更大來(lái)源分組或需要更加全面的查詢(xún)結(jié)果時(shí)，這個(gè)問(wèn)題就更加明 顯，人們尋找的信息經(jīng)常面對(duì)大量未組織的結(jié)果集合，這樣就需要增加過(guò)濾查詢(xún)的重要任 務(wù)。3. 系統(tǒng)概要該系統(tǒng)主要應(yīng)用于對(duì)大量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行信息存儲(chǔ)，查

36、詢(xún)和檢索，查詢(xún)的結(jié)果將被導(dǎo)出成文 件類(lèi)型，比f(wàn)i前的系統(tǒng)更方面，容易的找到用戶想要查詢(xún)的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。該系統(tǒng)不僅包括存 儲(chǔ)廣泛數(shù)據(jù)領(lǐng)域的復(fù)合數(shù)據(jù)源記錄，還包括多個(gè)文件類(lèi)型的某些原始記錄。該方式提供了搜索大數(shù)據(jù)領(lǐng)域所進(jìn)行的一次唯一辨認(rèn)文件的重要查詢(xún)部分；還提供了文件重要部分的查 詢(xún)，以及包括對(duì)文件數(shù)量的統(tǒng)計(jì)和屬于各種各樣的預(yù)先確定類(lèi)別的文件查詢(xún)。查詢(xún)創(chuàng)建過(guò)程包含一個(gè)知識(shí)庫(kù)，該知識(shí)庫(kù)包括被預(yù)先確定和嵌入復(fù)雜查詢(xún)的分類(lèi)詞典, 或者是自然語(yǔ)言的處理，或者模糊邏輯，或者樹(shù)型結(jié)構(gòu)，或者等級(jí)關(guān)系，或者是一套尋求 信息的公式化查詢(xún)命令。搜索的過(guò)程可能利用到所有的索引和搜索引擎技術(shù)，包括布爾，傳播媒介，機(jī)率查詢(xún)。

37、只要每次查詢(xún)到一個(gè)原文歸檔數(shù)據(jù)的固有部分，所有建立的文檔就能返回到其組織過(guò)程。排序或分類(lèi)的過(guò)程是通過(guò)調(diào)用搜索引擎檢索查詢(xún)的結(jié)果，從而為引入各種各樣的基本 文件類(lèi)里做準(zhǔn)備，然后組織安排這些容易被理解且與用戶密切相關(guān)的基本文件類(lèi)型。然后 提供給相對(duì)于用戶相關(guān)查詢(xún)的結(jié)果與在該查詢(xún)結(jié)果中的每個(gè)類(lèi)別相關(guān)文檔數(shù)量的統(tǒng)計(jì)。用 戶可以以多種形式來(lái)檢查查詢(xún)的結(jié)果，并且用戶可以根據(jù)自己的需要來(lái)查看相關(guān)的文件。4. 圖例簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明圖1是信息查詢(xún)系統(tǒng)總流程圖;oxene xtcjrcr tm< wtnlumr wtecti(rc mor 7 x0eftpctsotqtion to umr a category s

38、etoiimy gtrtribon proctwsearchstarchprocessinqco<npl«xprocessinqco<npl«xresets search orgatd iftfo groups of documtm typeslaqe domain (exwmdita stored mtoctronic formpi ocass s kum wfy4oc4jmc<xemimcsxtru圖2是系統(tǒng)制定查詢(xún)和搜索過(guò)程圖;屯§oe uvea fiisuwqm<00 iau13ww3 <qsw5u5 0h$15 -n8038

39、3總resold右吾ebps gsmuj 55-asn-asn一 一 一 一document typng processimcumo o)mdu|*wrj wmt屮1 ff 兀wj*nlf y叫- *nwrt i .*二*mvw«li 恤f>«<s.*-*w tm>»w*yknrg m i 4s.ztttdxiiumunxooxsqa proemnr咪壻二、昭昵礫一?f®h>s屈劃毆"羽5. 該系統(tǒng)的最佳模式正如圖1所說(shuō)明的那樣，信息檢索系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)包括一個(gè)輸入、輸出過(guò)程，一個(gè)查詢(xún)創(chuàng) 建過(guò)程，一個(gè)大量數(shù)據(jù)范圍的查詢(xún)過(guò)程（典

40、型地在多個(gè)千兆字節(jié)范圍），一個(gè)用戶信息的組 織過(guò)程，以及一個(gè)辨認(rèn)和描繪在大數(shù)據(jù)領(lǐng)域中文件的類(lèi)型。如圖2,查詢(xún)生成過(guò)程包括分類(lèi)詞詞典和筆記的一個(gè)知識(shí)庫(kù)和運(yùn)用嵌入被定定義的復(fù) 雜戰(zhàn)略。這樣系統(tǒng)允許用戶輸入簡(jiǎn)單的詞或詞組，并且需要的他們的信息的描述由“自然” 語(yǔ)言組成和依靠系統(tǒng)協(xié)助引起充分的查詢(xún)，將包括同義詞和供選擇文詞。用戶發(fā)出一個(gè)命 令然后請(qǐng)求，例如“vi co 1”，查驗(yàn)從名單挑選的完全文件，在這種情況下，給關(guān)于身 分專(zhuān)家的完全信息和證件。圖3說(shuō)明了五種一般的信息源（即原始記錄）可以被寫(xiě)入多數(shù)類(lèi)型的文檔，隨后被寫(xiě)入 類(lèi)。例如，一本典型的商業(yè)雜志也許包含信息的兒個(gè)類(lèi)型，例如社論、規(guī)則專(zhuān)欄、特寫(xiě)、

41、 新聞、產(chǎn)品公告和事件日歷。因此，商業(yè)雜志（即原始記錄）也許被排序入各種各樣的文件 類(lèi)型和這些文件類(lèi)型也許反過(guò)來(lái)被分類(lèi)或被編組入一個(gè)或更多套包含的類(lèi)別，每個(gè)文件 類(lèi)型在一套將典型地被排序入一個(gè)類(lèi)別之內(nèi)，但各自的類(lèi)別在每個(gè)集合之內(nèi)從一個(gè)集合將 變化到另一個(gè)。例如，一套類(lèi)別為用戶的第一個(gè)典型類(lèi)型建立，并且不同的套類(lèi)別也許為 用戶的第二個(gè)典型類(lèi)型建立。當(dāng)對(duì)應(yīng)類(lèi)型#1的用戶執(zhí)行一次查詢(xún)時(shí)，系統(tǒng)為回顧自動(dòng)地運(yùn) 用集合#1類(lèi)別，對(duì)應(yīng)于用戶的那個(gè)特殊類(lèi)型，在由用戶組織查詢(xún)的結(jié)果。當(dāng)一名用戶從類(lèi) 型#2執(zhí)行一次查詢(xún)時(shí)，系統(tǒng)提出查詢(xún)結(jié)果自動(dòng)地運(yùn)用集合#2類(lèi)別對(duì)用戶。信息存儲(chǔ)、搜索和檢索系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)解決了原文數(shù)據(jù)、

42、查詢(xún)方案、資源選擇和組織查詢(xún) 結(jié)果等大容量數(shù)據(jù)范圍（即二十億字節(jié)或更多）的在線信息檢索系統(tǒng)的基本難題。基于分 類(lèi)詞典和嵌入搜索策略的信息庫(kù)，允許用戶使用“自然”語(yǔ)言來(lái)進(jìn)行專(zhuān)業(yè)的信息查詢(xún)。數(shù) 據(jù)來(lái)源（如數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)）的選擇已不再是個(gè)問(wèn)題，因?yàn)樗阉饕婺軌蛟诿看嗡阉鲿r(shí)可以搜索到整 個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)域。查詢(xún)結(jié)果的獨(dú)特類(lèi)設(shè)置介紹不但極大地減少了反復(fù)查詢(xún)多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)所付出的時(shí) 間和費(fèi)用，并且可以做到高效率檢索相關(guān)的查詢(xún)結(jié)果。當(dāng)現(xiàn)有開(kāi)發(fā)系統(tǒng)被具體化描述時(shí)，應(yīng)該不能摒棄該開(kāi)發(fā)系統(tǒng)的精髓和附加規(guī)范，便可 以了解到所開(kāi)發(fā)的系統(tǒng)中各式各樣的變化、適應(yīng)和改動(dòng)。五分鐘搞定5000字畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯，你想要的工具都在這里!在科研過(guò)程中閱

43、讀翻譯外文文獻(xiàn)是一個(gè)非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)，許多領(lǐng) 域高水平的文獻(xiàn)都是外文文獻(xiàn)，借鑒一些外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是非常 必要的。由于特殊原因我翻譯外文文獻(xiàn)的機(jī)會(huì)比較多，慢慢地就發(fā)現(xiàn) 了外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯過(guò)程中的三大利器：google“翻譯,瀕道、金山詞霸（完 整版本）和cnki“翻譯助手”。具體操作過(guò)程如下：1 先打開(kāi)金山詞霸自動(dòng)取詞功能，然后閱讀文獻(xiàn)；2遇到無(wú)法理解的長(zhǎng)句時(shí)，可以交給google處理，處理后的結(jié) 果猛一看，不堪入目，可是經(jīng)過(guò)大腦的再處理后句子的意思基本就明tt;3如果通過(guò)google仍然無(wú)法理解，感覺(jué)就是不同，那肯定是對(duì) 其中某個(gè)“常用單詞”理解有誤，因?yàn)槟承﹩卧~看似很簡(jiǎn)單，但是在文 獻(xiàn)中有特殊的意思，這時(shí)就可以通過(guò)cnki的“翻譯助手”來(lái)查詢(xún)相關(guān) 單詞的意思，由于cnki的單詞意思都是來(lái)源與大量的文獻(xiàn)，所以它 的吻合率很高。另外，在翻譯過(guò)程中最好以“段落，'或者“長(zhǎng)句”作為翻譯的基本單 位,這樣才不會(huì)造成“只見(jiàn)樹(shù)木，不見(jiàn)森林叩勺誤導(dǎo)。四大工具：1、google 翻譯: toolsgoogle,眾所周知，谷歌里面的英文文獻(xiàn)和資料還算是比較詳實(shí) 的。我利用它是這樣的。一方面可以用它查詢(xún)英文論文，當(dāng)然這方面 的帖子很多，大家可以搜索，在此不贅述。回到我自己說(shuō)的翻譯