高考的英語(yǔ)句子成分分析報(bào)告05063

1、word 文案大全part1 英語(yǔ)句子成分一、詞類英語(yǔ)詞類分十種：名詞、形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、感嘆詞。1、名詞 (n.) ： 表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的名稱。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代詞 (pron.)： 主要用來(lái)代替名詞。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容詞 (adj.)：表示人或事物的性質(zhì)或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、數(shù)詞 (num.) ： 表示數(shù)目或事物的順序。如：one, two, three, first, second, th

2、ird, fourth. 5、動(dòng)詞 (v.)： 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副詞 (adv.)： 修飾動(dòng)詞、 形容詞或其他副詞, 說(shuō)明時(shí)間、 地點(diǎn)、程度等。 如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠詞 (art.)：用在名詞前 , 幫助說(shuō)明名詞。如：a, an, the. 8、介詞 (prep.)： 表示它后面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關(guān)系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、連詞 (conj.)： 用來(lái)連接詞、短語(yǔ)或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感嘆

3、詞 (interj.)表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 二、句子成分1. 主語(yǔ)：一般由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句或名詞化形容詞等充當(dāng)。如：the car is running fast. / the girl can sing many english songs.(名詞 ) we are students. / this is my pen . yours is on the desk.(代詞 ) one of my classmates is from shanghai. / two and three is five.(數(shù)詞 ) the

4、blind need more help.(名詞化的形容詞) its bad manners to spit in public. (不定式 ) eating too much is bad for your health.(動(dòng)名詞 ) 【注意】 假如不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)， 而把真正的主語(yǔ)( 不定式短語(yǔ) )放在句后。2. 謂語(yǔ)： 一般由動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)。動(dòng)詞分為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞單word 文案大全獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，連系動(dòng)詞與表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與省略to 的不定式構(gòu)成合成謂語(yǔ)，助動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞原形共同構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)局部。如：由單一動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)：we are chinese

5、. / he has an english- chinese dictionary. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加主要?jiǎng)釉~：we can play the piano. / you must see the doctor. 助動(dòng)詞加主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)：she is talking with her sister. / i have seen this man before. 【注意】謂語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)在人稱與數(shù)方面要相互照應(yīng)。：一般由名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、分詞等充當(dāng)。常用的連系動(dòng)詞有：be，look ，get ，sound( 聽(tīng)起來(lái) ) ，feel ，bee， smell ，turn ，taste(嘗起來(lái) ) 等。如：th

6、ey are workers.(名詞 ) two and three is five.(數(shù)詞 ) the story is very interesting.(形容詞 ) m y job is teaching english.(動(dòng)名詞 ) she is at home.(介詞短語(yǔ) ) i feel terrible.(形容詞 ) the dish tastes delicious.(形容詞 ) he is here (副詞 ) it s getting dark. / he got very angry. / the hill has turned green. (形容詞 ) be動(dòng)詞 am

7、，is ，are, was, were表保持 keep, stay系動(dòng)詞表改變 get ， bee ， turn 感官動(dòng)詞 feel ，sound，seem/look ，taste ，smell 4. 賓語(yǔ)： 是與物動(dòng)詞所涉與的對(duì)象，是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者。一般由名詞、代詞、不定式與動(dòng)名詞等充當(dāng)。如：he is doing his homework. / i saw a plane in the sky just now. (名詞 ) they did nothing this morning. / i met him on my way home.(代詞 ) i want three./ pl

8、ease pass me the first. (數(shù)詞 ) word 文案大全she wants to go home.(不定式 ) we enjoy playing football.(動(dòng)名詞 ) 【注意】 有的動(dòng)詞可接雙賓語(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)指人， 直接賓語(yǔ)指物。 這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：give ，buy，lend ， pass， tell，leave 等。如：he bought me a book. pass me the ball，will you？( 間賓直賓 ) 直接賓語(yǔ)一般放在間接賓語(yǔ)之后，但假如把直接賓語(yǔ)放在前面，如此要在間接賓語(yǔ)前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~如to 或 for等。如：han chen l

9、ent some money to tom.(直賓間賓 ) lucy bought a dictionary for tom.(直賓間賓 ) 有的動(dòng)詞常用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，而不能用動(dòng)名詞。 這類動(dòng)詞有： want ， wish ， hope ， promise ，decide ，agree ， choose ，care 等。如：i hope to see you again. 有的動(dòng)詞一般只用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，而不用不定式。這類動(dòng)詞有：enjoy ，finish，mind，practise，miss ， suggest ，keep(on) 等。如：do you mind my opening the

10、window？有的動(dòng)詞后接不定式與動(dòng)名詞含義不同。a)forget to do表示“未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，forget doing表示“已完成的動(dòng)作。如：dont forget to e here earlier tomorrow.(還沒(méi)來(lái) ) i forgot returning the book to him.(書(shū)已還給他了) b)stop to do( 不定式為狀語(yǔ) ) 表示“停下原來(lái)的事，去做另一件事，stop doing 表示“停止做某事。如：i stopped to talk with him.(我停下來(lái)與他談話。) the students stopped talking when th

11、e teacher came in.(教師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)學(xué)生們停止談話。注意：英語(yǔ)中帶有賓語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞叫與物動(dòng)詞，不帶賓語(yǔ)的叫不與物動(dòng)詞。與物動(dòng)詞后必須跟上賓語(yǔ)意義才完整，不與物動(dòng)詞本身意義已完整，后面不跟賓語(yǔ)。you may use my pen. / do you like fish? ( 與物 ) dick swims very well. / the sun rises in the east. (不與物 ) 不與物動(dòng)詞可加介詞再加賓語(yǔ)we are listening to the music. word 文案大全they are talking to each other. 既可以作與物動(dòng)詞

12、又可以作不與物動(dòng)詞的詞：we are growing tomatoes. / tomatoes grow well in our garden. they left shanghai yesterday. / they left yesterday. my mother teaches in this school. / she teaches english. we are studying. / we study english. we began our lesson at nine. / the lecture began at nine. 5. 直接賓語(yǔ)與間接賓語(yǔ)。有些與物動(dòng)詞可帶有

13、兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，其中一個(gè)指物直接賓語(yǔ)，另一個(gè)指人間接賓語(yǔ)。我們稱為雙賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞 +間接賓語(yǔ)人+直接賓語(yǔ)物he lent me a book. / he bought me a pen. / i have taught myself english for ten years. 動(dòng)詞 +直接賓語(yǔ)物+to,for+間接賓語(yǔ)人he gave his son some advice. = he gave some advice to his son. father bought me a puter. = father bought a puter for me. 6. 定語(yǔ)：用于修飾名詞或代詞，一般由形容

14、詞、名詞、數(shù)詞、不定式等充當(dāng)。如：what a beautiful kite it is！/ they have a clever son.(形容詞 ) she is a chemistry teacher. / it is a color film.(名詞 ) there are two students in the classroom.(數(shù)詞 ) this song is better than that one. (代詞 ) do you know the young man over there? (副詞 ) we have something to do tomorrow.(不定式

15、 ) the man in blue is my brother.(介詞短語(yǔ) ) 單個(gè)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在它所修飾的名詞之前。說(shuō)明1：當(dāng)定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞：nothing, anything, everything, something等時(shí)，定語(yǔ)在不定代詞后面。如： i tell him something interesting. 形容詞interesting作不定代詞something的后置定語(yǔ)he has something to do. to do為不定式作后置定語(yǔ)說(shuō)明 2：短語(yǔ)或從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，也放在被修飾的名詞之后。word 文案大全如： the boys in the room ar

16、e in class four. in the room是介詞短語(yǔ)作the boys的后置定語(yǔ)。 7. 狀語(yǔ)：用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，一般由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)或從句充當(dāng)。單個(gè)副詞作狀語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾詞之前，短語(yǔ)或從句放在句首或句末。如：thank you very much.(副詞表示程度 ) the old man is walking slowly. (副詞表示方式 ) he usually gets up at six.(副詞表示時(shí)間) we all work here. (副詞表示地點(diǎn)) i get up at five in the morning.(介詞短語(yǔ)表示時(shí)

17、間) he is studying hard so as to catch up with others.(不定式短語(yǔ) ) we were having breakfast when the telephone rang.(從句 ) 【注意】 enough 作狀語(yǔ)只能放在被修飾詞之后。如：he is old enough to go to school. 8. 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：用于補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作，一般位于賓語(yǔ)之后，賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。需接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：tell，let ，help ，teach ， ask ，see，have，order ，make等。 “賓補(bǔ)一般由不定式短語(yǔ)

18、、分詞、名詞、形容詞等充當(dāng)。如：we elected him monitor. / (名詞 ) i found it difficult to learn english well. / the sun keeps us warm./ we find the story very interestingh. (形容詞 ) i found her in the room.(介詞短語(yǔ) ) please let him in. / i saw him out with tom. (副詞 ) the doctor told me to do more exercise.(不定式短語(yǔ) ) he is g

19、oing to have his hair cut.(過(guò)去分詞 ) they saw a bird flying in the sky.(現(xiàn)在分詞 ) 綜合練習(xí)一、寫(xiě)出劃線局部的句子成分。word 文案大全 1. lilyis cleaningthe desknow. 2. her garden is the best in our town. 3. liu ming is thirteen years old. 4. i likethis bookvery much. 5. the girl on the blue bike is janes sister. 6. she didnt e t

20、o my party because she was ill. 7. wang ping doeshis homeworkcarefully. 8. we will go to the childrens palace once a week. 9. they are in the classroom. 10. it sounds good. 11. his name is paul. 12. we always go to school early. part2 英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句的五大根本句型一、簡(jiǎn)單句的五種根本句型。根本句型一：s +vi 主謂根本句型二：s +lv+ p主系表根本句型三：s +

21、vt+ o 主謂賓根本句型四：s +v t+io+ do 主謂間賓直賓根本句型五： s +vt+ o c 主謂賓賓補(bǔ)二、句型實(shí)例。句型一： s v主謂主語(yǔ)+不與物動(dòng)詞 +狀語(yǔ)此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)，即句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做不與物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等。the sun was shining. word 文案大全the moon rose. we all breathe, eat, and drink. who cares? 管它呢？what he said does not matter. 他所講的沒(méi)有什么關(guān)系。they talked for h

22、alf an hour. 他們談了半個(gè)小時(shí)。the pen writes smoothly.這支筆書(shū)寫(xiě)流利。句型二： s lv p 主謂表主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞 +表語(yǔ)此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同的特點(diǎn)：句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)明確主語(yǔ)身份或狀態(tài)的表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)詞。系動(dòng)詞分兩類 :be, look, keep, seem等屬一類 , 表示情況 ;get, grow, bee, turn等屬另一類, 表示變化。this is an english-chinese dictionary. 這是本英漢辭典。the dinner smells go

23、od. 午餐的氣味很好。he fell in love. 他墮入了情網(wǎng)。everything looks different. 一切看來(lái)都不同了。he is growing tall and strong. 他長(zhǎng)得又高又壯。the trouble is that they are short of money. 麻煩的是他們?nèi)鄙馘X(qián)。our well has gone dry. 我們的井枯槁了。his face turned red. 他的臉紅了。句型三： s vt o 主謂賓主語(yǔ)+與物動(dòng)詞 +賓語(yǔ)此句型句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義，都是主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟有一個(gè)

24、賓語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動(dòng)詞叫做與物動(dòng)詞。who knows the answer? 誰(shuí)知道答案？he has refused to help them. 他拒絕幫他們的忙。he enjoys reading. 他喜歡看書(shū)。they ate what was left over. 他們吃了剩飯。he said good morning. 他說(shuō)： 早上好！ i want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。he admits that he was mistaken. 他承認(rèn)犯了錯(cuò)誤。句型四： s vt io do 主謂間賓直賓主語(yǔ)+與物動(dòng)詞 +賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)此

25、句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。通常這一間接承受者用一個(gè)介詞來(lái)連接，當(dāng)動(dòng)作的間接承受者在動(dòng)作的直接承受者之前時(shí)，這一介詞往往被省略。間接賓語(yǔ)前需要加to 的常用動(dòng)詞有：allow, bring, deny， give , hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, refuse, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。間接賓語(yǔ)前需要加for 的常用動(dòng)詞有：bring, buy, cash, choose, get, leave, make,