句子時(shí)態(tài)講解練習(xí)

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。常用的時(shí)態(tài)只有八種。 1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法 1)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征和真理句中常用 often，usually，every day等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如： He goes to school every day(經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作) He is very happy(現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài))The earth moves around the sun(真理) 2)在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)例如： If you come this afternoon，we

2、9; ll have a meeting When I graduate，Ill go to the countryside.3)有時(shí)這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，(句中都帶有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))但限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞如 begin，come，leave，go，arrive，start，stop，return，open，close等例如： The meeting begins at seven. The train starts at nine in the morning 4)表示狀態(tài)和感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，如 be，like，hate，think，remember，find，sound等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)例如：

3、I like English very much. The story sounds very interesting. 5)書報(bào)的標(biāo)題，小說(shuō)等情節(jié)介紹常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 2一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法 l)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 He saw Mr Wang yesterday. He worked in a factory in 1986 2）表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可用“used to”和“would +動(dòng)詞原形”。例如： I used to smoke. During the vacation I would swim in the sea. 注意；used to表示

4、過(guò)去常發(fā)生而現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。另外？“to be used to +名詞（動(dòng)句詞）“表示”習(xí)慣于。例如 I am used to the climate here. He is used to swimming in winter 3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法 一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其表達(dá)形式除了“ will或 shall十動(dòng)詞原形”外，還有以下幾種形式 l)“ to be going to十動(dòng)詞原形”，表示即將發(fā)生的或最近打算進(jìn)行的事例如： It is going to rain. We are going to have a meeting today 2) go，come

5、，start，move，sail，leave等可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作例如: Im leaving for Beijing. 3)“be to十動(dòng)詞原形”表示按計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的事或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)例如： Are we to go on with this work? The boy is to go to school tomorrow 4)“ be about to十動(dòng)詞原形”表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如： We are about to leave 5)某些詞，如 come，go，leave，arrive，start等的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示將來(lái). The meeting star

6、ts at five oclock. He is leaving tomorrow 4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法 1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，由“ to be十現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，另外“系動(dòng)詞十介詞或副詞”也表示進(jìn)行時(shí)的意義例如： What are you doing? The bridge is under construction 2)表示感覺(jué)，愿望和狀態(tài)的某些動(dòng)詞如 have，be，hear，see，like等詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí) 5過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法 l)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻、某一階段正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，由“ was(were)十現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成例如: In 1980 he was studyin

7、g in a university. He was reading a novel when I came in 6現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“ have十過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成其使用有兩種情況： 1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話之前已完成，而對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響句中沒(méi)有具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)例如 He has gone to Fuzhou. (說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為他不在該地) He has been to Fuzhou(說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為他在該地) 2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去常用for和 since表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)或 so far，now，today, this week( month，y

8、ear)等表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)問(wèn)在內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ)。例如: He has studied English for 5 years He has studied English since 1985 Now I have finished the work. 注意：表示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞，如 come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成時(shí)不能與for，since等表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用 3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可用在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中、表示將來(lái)某時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作例如： Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework If it has stopped snow

9、ing in the morning，well go to the park. 7過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法 l)過(guò)去完成時(shí)由“ had十過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)句中常用 by，before，until，when等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)例如： By the end of last year we had built five new houses. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. 2)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還可表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或持續(xù)下去。例如：

10、 Before he slept，he had worked for 12 hours 8過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去的某時(shí)間看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)由“ should或 would十動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。第一人稱用 should，其他人稱用 would例如： They were sure that they would succeed 9現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“ have(has)十 been十現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，表示現(xiàn)在以前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。有些詞，如 work，study、live，teach等用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)意思差不多例如： I have

11、worked here for three years I have been working here for three years. 但多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在這兩種時(shí)態(tài)中表示不同意思例如： I have written a letter(已寫完) I have been writing a letter(還在寫) 注意：表示短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，如 finish，marry，get up，come，go等不能用這種時(shí)態(tài).過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)常用于賓語(yǔ)從句和間接引語(yǔ)中。 一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是過(guò)去，即從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻看以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

12、。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成（句型如下：） 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be（was，were）going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 否定句：主語(yǔ)+be（was，were）not going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 疑問(wèn)句：Be（Was，Were）+主語(yǔ)+going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+would（should）+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 否定句：主語(yǔ)+would（should）not+動(dòng)詞原形 +其他 疑問(wèn)句：Would（Should）+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 1同一般將來(lái)時(shí)，把系動(dòng)詞be變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式，把will，shall變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式。 例句：I didn't know if he would come. =I

13、 didn't know if he was going to come. 我不知道他是否會(huì)來(lái)。 She was sixty-six. In three years，she would be sixty-nine. 她66歲了。三年后，她是69歲。 She told us that she would not go with us，if it rained. 她告訴我們，如果下雨，她就不和我們一起去了。 I didn't know how to do it. What would be their ideas？ 我不知如何去做，他們會(huì)有什么想法呢？ 2.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)常可用來(lái)表示過(guò)

14、去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。此時(shí)，不管什么人稱，一律用would。 This door wouldn't open. . 這扇門老是打不開(kāi)。 Whenever he had time，he would do some reading. 他一有時(shí)間，總是看書。 I would play with him when I was a child. 當(dāng)我還是孩童時(shí)，總是和他一起玩。如: ou know I would come. 你知道我會(huì)來(lái)的。 e never imagined that John would become a doctor. 我們從未想過(guò)約翰會(huì)成為一個(gè)醫(yī)生。 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)有時(shí)可帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

15、。如: He said he would come back the next day. 他說(shuō)他第二天回來(lái)。 1"was/were going to + 動(dòng)詞原形"或"was/were +動(dòng)詞不定式完成式"可表示未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作。 Last Sunday we were going to visit the Great Wall, but it rained. 上星期天我們本想去游覽長(zhǎng)城的，但卻下雨了。（沒(méi)有去成） I was to have helped with the performance, but I got flu the day

16、 before. 我是打算幫忙演出的，但前天我感冒了。（沒(méi)有幫上忙） 2.was/were about to do "was/were about to do"表示說(shuō)話的瞬間就會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 I felt something terrible was about to happen. 我覺(jué)得有可怕的事要發(fā)生了。 3was/were on the point of doing Im glad you have come. I was on the point of calling you, but youve saved me the trouble now. 很高興你來(lái)了。

17、我正準(zhǔn)備給你打電話，現(xiàn)在你省去我這個(gè)麻煩了。 "be ablet to do" 和 "be on the point of doing"結(jié)構(gòu)一般不與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但后面可以接when引導(dǎo)的分句。 I was about to start when it suddenly began to rain. (   ) 1.  There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going toB. will going to be C. is going to be

18、D. will go to be(   ) 2.  Charlie _ here next month.         A. isnt working                 B. doesnt working   C. isnt going to working   

19、     D. wont work(   ) 3.  He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; is  B. is; is  C. will be; will be   D. is; will be(   ) 4.  There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. was   B. is going to

20、 have  C. will have  D. is going to be(   ) 5.  _ you _ free tomorrow?        No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.      A. Are; going to; will            B. Are

21、; going to be; wil   C. Are; going to; will be         D. Are; going to be; will be(   ) 6.  Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will gives  B. will give     C. gives     

22、           D. give(   ) 7.  Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?_. （不，不要。）A. No, you wont.B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont.  D. No, please.(   ) 8.  _ a concert next Saturday?A. There will be  B. Will there be

23、 C. There can be  D. There are(   ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting.      A. have      B. will have      C. had           D. would have(   ) 11. He _

24、 her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. gives   B. gave C. will giving  D. is going to giving(   ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there.A. writes  B. has written  C. will write   D. wrote(   ) 13. He _ in three days.A. coming back 

25、B. came back  C. will come back  D. is going to coming back(   ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain   D. doesnt fine(   ) 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow?   

26、0;    No, _ （不去）A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. they dont. (   ) 17. We _ the work this way next time.  A. do  B. will do C. going to do  D. will doing(   ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in th

27、e park.          A. will fly; will go               B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes      D. flies; will go(   ) 19. The day after tomo

28、rrow they _ a volleyball match.A. will watching B. watches  C. is watching D. is going to watch(   ) 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday.A. shall be  B. will be  C. shall going to be   D. will going to be(   ) 21. They _ an English evening next Sunda

29、y.A. are havingB. are going to haveC. will having D. is going to have(   ) 22. _ you _ free next Sunday?A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be  D. Are; be(   ) 23. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning.A. will B. is  C. will be  D. be(   ) 24. _ your brother _ a

30、 magazine from the library?A. Are; going to borrow            B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows                   D. Are; going to borrows( 

31、0; ) 25. Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?        _ （好的）.A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you wont.(   ) 26. It _ the year of the horse next year.A. is going to beB. is going to  C. will be D. will is(   ) 27. _ o

32、pen the window?A. Will you pleaseB. Please will youC. You pleaseD. Do you (   ) 28. Lets go out to play football, shall we?        OK. I _.A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming(   ) 29. It _ us a long time to learn English well

33、.A. takes  B. will take C. spends D. will spend(   ) 30. The train _ at 11.A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving1- The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasn't arrived yet.- Well, he said he _here on time.A came B would come C can be D will be2 As so

34、on as the baby saw her mother, she _.A was going to cry   B cryed   C began to cry   D was crying3 Li Ming said he _happy if Brian_to China next month.A as; come   B was; would come   C would be; came   D will be; come4Jenny said she _her holiday in China.A spent B would spent C was going to spent   D would spend 二、填空1 She said the bus _(leave) at five the next morning.2 I wasn't sure whether he _(lend) me his book the next morning.3 He was fifty-s