最新精編外研版必修四module1知識(shí)與練習(xí)

1、精品文檔精品文檔n.短語(yǔ)檢測(cè)1 確切地；肯定地2自然資源3用完；耗盡4依賴；依靠5替代性能源6除掉；處理掉7免費(fèi)8履行；實(shí)施；執(zhí)行9被附在/粘在10. 小心；當(dāng)心11. 即將被淘汰；即將過(guò)時(shí)田.佳句再現(xiàn)I .單詞薈萃1.vt.預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)言 n.預(yù)測(cè)predictable adj.可預(yù)言的，可預(yù)報(bào)的2. adj.危險(xiǎn)的；冒險(xiǎn)的risk vt.&n.冒險(xiǎn)3. vi.依賴；依靠 adj.可靠的reliability n.可靠性4. load vt.裝載n.裝載量；負(fù)擔(dān) v.卸貨 v.下載5. vt.供給動(dòng)力n.動(dòng)力，能力，權(quán)力-powered adj.用動(dòng)力推動(dòng)的，有動(dòng)力 裝置的- adj.有

2、力的；有功效的6. n.失去能力；傷殘-disabled adj.殘疾的7. adv.無(wú)疑地；確定地definite adj.明確的，一定的8. adv.最后；終于eventual adj.最后的，最終的12. 作為開始；首先；第一點(diǎn)for surenatural resources run out/use up rely onalternative energyget rid offree of charge carry outbe attached to look out/be careful on the way out for a start1. No one knows , and

3、is a risky business. 誰(shuí)也說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)，并且猜測(cè)也是件冒險(xiǎn)的事。2. garbage problems, the city will huge spaceships withwaste materials and send them towards the sun, landfill andenvironmental problems.為了擺脫垃圾問(wèn)題的困擾，城市將會(huì)用巨型宇宙飛船裝載廢棄材料，朝太陽(yáng)發(fā)射，防止垃圾填埋和環(huán)境問(wèn)題。3Everyone will be given a telephone number atbirththat will never change . 每

4、個(gè)人一出生就會(huì)給予一個(gè)電話號(hào)碼，將來(lái)無(wú)論他們住在哪里，這個(gè)電話號(hào)碼都不會(huì)改變。4. Distance surgery will become as doctors fromthousands of miles away, with each city its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.隨著每個(gè)城市都擁有自己的遠(yuǎn)程手術(shù)門診部，醫(yī)生將能從數(shù)千里以外實(shí)施手術(shù)，遠(yuǎn)程手術(shù)將變得非常平常。5. Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world

5、hightech cameras their head.年長(zhǎng)的市民和殘疾人通過(guò)使 用綁在頭上的高新技術(shù)相機(jī)可以周游世界。.不要在七點(diǎn)之前給我打電6. Don ' t call me before seven. I will 話。那時(shí)我將在穿衣服。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)1 alternative adj . (available in place of sth. else; other)替換的；供選擇的n. (sth. you can choose to do or use instead of sth. else)可供選擇的事物(1) alternatively adv.二者擇一地(2) have

6、no alternative/choice but to do別無(wú)選擇只能alternative ways可供選擇的方法【易混辨析】alternative 和 choice(1) alternative意為"取舍，抉擇”，一般指從兩者中選擇一個(gè)，只限辦法、打算，而不能指具體的事物(2) choice意為“選擇”，強(qiáng)調(diào)自由的選擇，不管選擇方式及對(duì)象的多少【活學(xué)活用】1 .根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子(1) Do you have to the problem?你有沒(méi)有別的辦法來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題？(2) We Gibson.我們別無(wú)他法，只能辭退了吉布森。(3) What influenced yo

7、u most in your of career?在你選擇職業(yè)時(shí)對(duì)你影響最大的是什么？2 ,單項(xiàng)填空If you don ' t like the school lunchyou have the of bringing yourown.A. choiceB. alternativeC. rightD. preparation【解析】B 句意為：要是你不喜歡學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備的午餐，可以自己帶飯。alternative可供選擇的事物，have the alternative of 強(qiáng)調(diào)''有另外一種選擇”。choice 表示“選擇”不用于這個(gè)搭配，而且“可以有多個(gè)選擇”。 rig

8、ht 表示“權(quán)利”可以用于have the right to do sth. 有權(quán)利做某事。2 loadn ( a large quantity of sth. that is carried by a vehicle, person,etc.) 負(fù)荷；重?fù)?dān)；裝載量v. (to put a large quantity of sth. into a vehicle orcontainer) 裝 (載 )；使擔(dān)負(fù)(1) be/take a load off sb. s mind心上的石頭落地，使如釋重負(fù)(2) load into把裝進(jìn)load with 給裝上/加上be loaded with裝

9、載有，負(fù)擔(dān)有【活學(xué)活用】(1)The good news has taken . 聽了這條好消息我就放心了。(2) The dockers are coal. 碼頭工人正把煤裝上船。(3) He went home honours. 他載譽(yù)回鄉(xiāng)。3 chargev. (to ask sb. for a particular amount of money for sth. you areselling) 收費(fèi)；充電；指控，指責(zé)n . (the amount of money you have to pay forgoods or services) 收費(fèi)，要價(jià)；指控；掌管(1) take ch

10、arge of負(fù)責(zé)，掌管(動(dòng)作)in charge of負(fù)責(zé)，掌管(狀態(tài) )in/under the charge of 由負(fù)責(zé)(2) free of charge( = for free) 免費(fèi) the charge for sth.某物的收費(fèi)charge sb. for sth.為某物向某人收費(fèi)(3) charge sb. with sth.因某事控告某人【易混辨析】charge, price和 cost這三個(gè)單詞雖然都與“價(jià)錢，價(jià)格”有關(guān)，但三者的真正含義和用途是不一樣的，區(qū)別如下：(1) charge 一般是賣者或提供服務(wù)者索要的“費(fèi)用”。如：All goods are deliver

11、ed free of charge.(2) price 一般指商品的售價(jià)，有時(shí)是泛指“物價(jià)”。如：What is the price of this table?Prices in this country are very high.(3) cost 則指生產(chǎn)某東西的成本，或者某服務(wù)或活動(dòng)所花的費(fèi)用。如： thecost of production精品文檔【活學(xué)活用】1. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選擇charge ， price 或 cost 的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)We were shocked by the of a cup of coffee in London.(2)What s th_e for yo

12、ur delivery?(3)The shop was not making enough money to cover its.2. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子(1)As l ong as you ve paid in advance we won _t delivery.只要你預(yù)先付款，我們就不收你送貨費(fèi)。(2)These patients are Dr. Wilson.這些病人是威爾遜醫(yī)生負(fù)責(zé)治療的。(3)Tom the government after the military took over in 1975. 1975 年軍事政變后湯姆掌管了政府。4 attachv ( fasten

13、or connect one object to another)將某物系在、縛在或附在 (另一物 )上(1) attach 由 把連/拴/裝/貼在上面be attached to sth./sb.被裝/綁/固定/粘在上；喜歡，依戀(某人)(2) attach importance/significance to重視，認(rèn)為很重要【活學(xué)活用】(1) your application form. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谇舐毐砩腺N一張最近的照片。(2)She regular exercise. 她認(rèn)為定期鍛煉很重要。短語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)1 run out (of a supply of sth.) be used up, fin

14、ished or exhausted(供應(yīng)品 ) 用完， 耗盡run out of sth. (of a person) use up or finish (a supply of sth.)( 指人 )用完， 耗盡(供應(yīng)品 )(1) use up用完；耗盡give out 分發(fā)，發(fā)布，公布；被用完，耗盡(2) run into撞上，偶然遇到；遭遇，陷入run across 偶 然遇見(jiàn)(或看到)【易錯(cuò)警示】run out 是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，其主語(yǔ)通常是時(shí)間、金錢、食物等無(wú)生命的名詞。run outof 則是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是人，后接賓語(yǔ)。use up 是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于run outof

15、；而give out是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，表示"(某物)用完了，沒(méi)有了“，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。【活學(xué)活用】1 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子(1)We petrol. 我們的汽油快用光了。(2)The project is financial difficulties. 這一項(xiàng)目遇到了財(cái)務(wù)困難。2 單項(xiàng)填空It is predicated that existing reserves of fossil fuel by 2045.A. have been run out B. are going to be run outC. will have run out D. have run out【解析】C

16、考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。run out 是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，通常以物作主語(yǔ)。再結(jié)合后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by 2045 可知應(yīng)該用將來(lái)完成時(shí)，由此可以判斷答案為C。2 rely on/upon (to trust or depend on) 依靠，信賴，指望(1) rely on sb. to do sth. 指望或依賴某人做某事rely on sb. sb. ( ' s) doing sth指望或依賴某人做某事rely on sb./sth. for sth.依靠獲得rely on it that指望相信(2) count on依靠，信賴，指望(3) depend on依靠，信賴；取

17、決于【溫馨提示】rely on后面用that從句作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，中間需要加形式賓語(yǔ)it。如：You can rely on it that it will rain this weekend. 你放心好了，本周末一定下雨?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1)You may . 你可以依靠我來(lái)幫助你的。(2)Many people now news. 現(xiàn)在很多人依賴互聯(lián)網(wǎng)獲得新聞。(3)How much is produced how hard we work. 產(chǎn)量的大小在于我們努力的程度。3 look out (for sb./sth.) (be careful; watch out)當(dāng)心， 注意；look sth

18、. out (search for sth. and find it) 查出，找出(1) watch out (for take care be careful(2) look after look into look down on/upon look forward to look over look through look up)當(dāng)心；小心；提防當(dāng)心；小心當(dāng)心；小心照顧；照看調(diào)查；審查輕視；看不起盼望；期待查看； (仔細(xì))檢查檢查；瀏覽抬頭向上看；查找，查閱精品文檔【活學(xué)活用】用 look 短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)！ There s danger ahead!(2)A working

19、party has been set up to the problem.(3)If you want to know how a word is used, it _ in the dictionary.(4)Don _t people who ve never been to university.(5)She likes newspapers at breakfast.4 carry out (to do sth. that you have said you will do or that sb. has asked you to do) 履行， 實(shí)行，執(zhí)行perform or con

20、duct (an experiment,etc.) 進(jìn)行 (實(shí)驗(yàn)等 )carry on (with sth./doing sth.)繼續(xù)(做某事)carry on sth.進(jìn)行某事，開展某事be/get carried away失去自制力，忘乎所以【活學(xué)活用】用 carry 短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1) There is a shortage of people to research.(2) Will the government its promise to reform the law?(3) Sorry, I interrupted you. Please .(4) It was so n

21、oisy that it was hard to a conversation.(5) I just got because it was such fun.句型學(xué)習(xí)1. I m too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future!我現(xiàn)在忙于享受生活，沒(méi)時(shí)間為未來(lái)?yè)?dān)憂！【句式點(diǎn)撥】tooto太以至于不能【溫馨提示】tooto®下列情況下表示肯定含義：(1) 當(dāng) too 后是 glad ， pleased ， happy ， delighted ， satisfied ， ready， willing ， eager， anx

22、ious 等形容詞時(shí)。如：They are too anxious to leave. 他們急于離開。He is always too ready to help others. 他總是樂(lè)于助人。與這些詞連用時(shí)，too 前還常加上only， all， but， just， simply 等副詞，意思不變，因?yàn)檫@些詞加上 too 后與 very 同義。如：I m only too glad to see you. 見(jiàn)到你非常高興。They are but too pleased to hear the news. 他們聽到這則消息，非常高興。(2) 與 cannot 連用時(shí)。You cannot

23、 be too careful( = You can never be careful enough) to do your homework.你做作業(yè)越仔細(xì)越好(=無(wú)論怎樣仔細(xì)也不過(guò)分)?！净顚W(xué)活用】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(1) The room is so small that five people can t live in.=The room is five people .(2) The box is too heavy for me to carry.=This is box for me to carry.(3) I am very pleased to help you.=I am on

24、ly to help you.I .單詞拼寫1 Childhood experiences often play a big part in one s character.2 He was ( 解雇 ) on the spot.3 They ( 改變 ) the talk to a more interesting subject.4 Bankers are cautiously ( 樂(lè)觀的 ) about the country s economic future.5 It is impossible to p what will happen.n .選詞填空run out ， for a

25、 start ， carry out ， for sure ， be attached to1. I think he lives there but I couldn t_s_a_y.2. Our salt . You should buy some.3. I don t want to see him in my house., he is too noisy.4. This middle school a teachers college.5. A survey is now nationwide.田.單項(xiàng)填空1 . 2010 浙江卷The experiment shows that p

26、roper amounts of exercise , if regularly ， can improve our health.A being carried outB carrying outC carried outD to carry out【解析】C 本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。exercise 和 carry out 邏輯上構(gòu)成了被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處是省略，故用過(guò)去分詞。2 . 2010 江西卷Parents much importance to education. They will dotheir best to give their children that priceless g

27、ift.A attach B pay C link D Apply【解析】A 本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。attach importance to 是固定搭配，表示“重視；看重”。3 As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use ofenergy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.A primaryB alternativeC instantD Unique【解析】B 本題考查形容詞辨析。既然石油和煤都越

28、來(lái)越少，人們只好使用一些其他可替代這些燃料的東西。alternative 有“可選擇的，可替代的”之意，符合句意。 primary 首要的，初期的；instant 立即的，迅速的；unique 獨(dú)特的。4 Wait a minute. I'll a good book for you to read on the journey.B look intoA look aroundC look upD look out【解析】D 本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。look around 環(huán)顧； look into 調(diào)查； lookup 抬頭看，查閱；look out 查找，找出。5 Do you think we should accept that offer? Yes, we should, for we such bad luck up till now, and timeout.A have had; is runningB had; is runningC have; has been runD have had; has been run【解析】A 本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。前面有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)uptill now ，故第一空用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；后面指時(shí)間快用光了，用進(jìn)