名詞性從句講解公開課

1、 noun clause名詞性從句名詞性從句Noun Clause:Functions as a NOUN in a sentence. Question: What is the function of a noun in a sentence? 名詞在句中可以充當(dāng)什么成分名詞在句中可以充當(dāng)什么成分? ?Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences: 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power .3.We Chinese are peace-loving. sub

2、jectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectsubjectappositionpredicativeWhat are noun clauses?What are noun clauses? His story is interesting. What he said is interesting. I heard his story. I heard what he said. I listen to his story. I listen to what he said. This is his story. This is what he said. The id

3、ea of going there is good. The idea that we go there is good.Subject clauseObject clauseObject clause after a prepositionPredictive clauseAppositive clause什么叫名詞性從句？什么叫名詞性從句？ 名詞性從句名詞性從句 noun clause 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句subject clause 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句object clause 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句predicative clause 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句appositive clauseWhat

4、 kind of clauses are they? What the driver of the yellow car did made me extremely angry. Why she did this is still unknown. Its hard to forget what we have learned in his classes. Please dont tell my mother when Ill give her my gift.Thats why I cant follow you.The problem is that its very hard to c

5、atch your words.The fact that he tells lies all the time makes us surprised.There is no doubt that it will rain tomorrow.Im not sure whether you would like it or not.She felt very surprised that I finished it all by myself.I have no idea where he is.Please tell us the truth how many people were drow

6、ned in the flood.The novel tells that the truth always takes the side of the majority of people.I cant explain why he behaves like that.How he finished doing that is not important.Where we will go hasnt been decided yet.名詞性從句中的名詞性從句中的連接詞連接詞有有:連詞連詞: that / whether / as if(though);連接代詞連接代詞: what / who

7、/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞連接副詞: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 連詞連詞: 引導(dǎo)從句，但在從句中不作成分 that ：無(wú)詞義，不作成分，起連接作用whether/if：“是否”不作成分，起連接作用 If只用于賓從中as if(though)：“好象”只連接表語(yǔ)從句 連接代詞：連接代詞：引導(dǎo)從句，并在從句中作成分What（ever）：（無(wú)論）什么，作主，賓，表，定語(yǔ)which（ever）：（無(wú)論）哪一個(gè)（些）作主，賓，表，定語(yǔ)

8、Who（ever） ： “（無(wú)論）誰(shuí)（主格）”作主，賓Whom（ever ）：“ （無(wú)論）誰(shuí)（賓格）”作賓 whose （ever ）：“（無(wú)論）誰(shuí)的，作定 連接副詞連接副詞: 引導(dǎo)從句，作狀語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)從句，作狀語(yǔ) When （ever） ：“什么時(shí)候” 作狀語(yǔ) where ：“什么地方” how ：怎樣 why ：為什么 從句中用陳述句序：疑問詞+陳述句語(yǔ)序Finish exercise on page 9(textbook):underline all the noun clauses you can find（1） 名詞性從句構(gòu)成有名詞性從句構(gòu)成有3種種That + 陳述句陳述句That l

9、ight travels in straight lines is known to all.b. if/whether + 陳述句陳述句No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.c. 疑問詞疑問詞+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.名詞性從句考點(diǎn)歸納名詞性從句考點(diǎn)歸納一、名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序：一、名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序：陳述語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序(1) that 和whether/if引導(dǎo)的從句 She sensed something.A tall man in a

10、 dark coat was staring at herShe sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.She wondered.Would the buses still be running?She wondered if/whether the buses would still be running.(2) 疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句也要求使用陳述句疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句也要求使用陳述句 語(yǔ)序，不能用一般疑問句（倒裝）語(yǔ)序。語(yǔ)序，不能用一般疑問句（倒裝）語(yǔ)序。他是怎么成功的仍然是個(gè)謎。他是怎么成功的仍然

11、是個(gè)謎。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live?( )FTTF1. 主語(yǔ)從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)成分主語(yǔ)從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)成分1). he will succeed is certain .2) he will go there is not known

12、 .3) he said is not true .4) he hid the money is to be found out .5) comes is welcome.6) Its certain he will succeed .7) we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 8) theyll start the project has not been decided yet.ThatWhetherWhatWhereWhoeverthatHow When由由 that 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo):1. That we shall b

13、e late is certain.2. _ is known to all. (地球是圓的地球是圓的)3. _ is a pity. (你錯(cuò)過了這次機(jī)會(huì)你錯(cuò)過了這次機(jī)會(huì)) that 無(wú)意義無(wú)意義, 后接一個(gè)完整的句子后接一個(gè)完整的句子. that 不可省不可省That the earth is roundThat you missed the chance 考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)一:主語(yǔ)從句后置主語(yǔ)從句后置! 為了避免主語(yǔ)冗長(zhǎng)免主語(yǔ)冗長(zhǎng),句子頭重腳輕句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用經(jīng)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)作形式主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)從句放在后面作真正的主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)從句放在后面作真正的主語(yǔ). 例:That we shall be lat

14、e is certain.- Its certain that we shall be late.1. That the earth is round is known to all.- 2. That you missed the chance is a pity.- 由連詞由連詞 whether 和和 if, 連接代詞連接代詞 what,who,which 和連接副詞和連接副詞 when,where,why,how 等引導(dǎo)等引導(dǎo).也也 常常后置常常后置: It is a pity that you missed the chance.Its known to all that the ea

15、rth is round. It doesnt matter if/whether he is a foreigner. It is a question whether he is willing to come. It is unknown how she has reduced her weight in such a short time.It 的用法：的用法： （形式主語(yǔ)）（形式主語(yǔ)） It possible/important/necessary/clear that很可能很可能/重要的是重要的是/必要的是必要的是/很清楚很清楚 Its said/ reported that.據(jù)說

16、據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道 Its been announced/declared that.已經(jīng)通知已經(jīng)通知/宣宣布布 It seems/appears/happens. that顯然、明顯、顯然、明顯、 碰巧碰巧. Its no wonder that并不奇怪并不奇怪/無(wú)疑無(wú)疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (眾所周知）眾所周知） / a common saying.（俗話說）（俗話說）It is well known /reported / thought/said that It is clear/ necessary/ certain/ true

17、/doubtfulthatIt is a pity/a shame/an honour/ thatIt doesnt matter whetherIt seems that It happens that 考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二 注意：主語(yǔ)從句中注意：主語(yǔ)從句中 ，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù) What引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，可根據(jù)表語(yǔ)決定引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，可根據(jù)表語(yǔ)決定 What he needs _is_ that book. What he needs _are_ some books.賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句：賓語(yǔ)從句：1.從句在句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成分（從句在句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成分（ 可以作謂語(yǔ)可以作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、介詞

18、、形容詞，不定式等非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)）動(dòng)詞、介詞、形容詞，不定式等非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)）連詞：連詞：that, whether，if （ that ?？墒÷裕┏？墒÷裕?who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how1). They know that the habit will kill them.2).It all depends on whether they will support us .3) I am afraid that he didnt call me .4).He made it clear to the pub

19、lic that he did an important and necessary job . 5).I find it necessary that we should do the homework.用用if 或或whether 填空填空 1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing.whether/ifwhetherwhether1).whether和和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓

20、語(yǔ)從句都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 a.當(dāng)當(dāng)whether后緊跟后緊跟or not時(shí)時(shí),不用不用if. eg: I dont know whether I will stay or not.b.介詞介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句不能用后面的賓語(yǔ)從句不能用if. eg: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.2.注意注意whether和和if的使用區(qū)別的使用區(qū)別 1. It depends on _ we will have enough money. 2. _ they can do it matters little to us. 3._ you are not fre

21、e tomorrow , Ill go without you.whetherWhetherIf 2).that在賓語(yǔ)從句中的省略與保留在賓語(yǔ)從句中的省略與保留a.在在主主+謂謂+it(形式賓語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ))+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)+that 從句從句(真正賓語(yǔ)真正賓語(yǔ)) 的句型中的句型中不省略不省略. eg: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. I dont think it right that you leave home without telling your parents.b.由連詞由連詞and連接的兩個(gè)由連接的兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) 的

22、賓語(yǔ)從句中的賓語(yǔ)從句中,第二個(gè)第二個(gè)that 不省略不省略.eg: He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time. 3. 時(shí)態(tài)一致（主從句中一致）時(shí)態(tài)一致（主從句中一致）1）.當(dāng)從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)，真理，自然當(dāng)從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)，真理，自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?，F(xiàn)象時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。2）在）在“命令，要求，建議命令，要求，建議”等相關(guān)詞后的名等相關(guān)詞后的名詞性從句中常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣詞性從句中常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（suggest.advise）賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)1. 如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?/p>

23、來(lái)時(shí)如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ) 可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時(shí)態(tài). a .他相信他的夢(mèng)想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的他相信他的夢(mèng)想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的. He believes _ . b .請(qǐng)告訴我你昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么請(qǐng)告訴我你昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么. Please tell me _.his dream will come true some daywhat you were doing at this time yesterday2. 如果主句謂語(yǔ)是過去時(shí)如果主句謂語(yǔ)是過去時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過去的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過去的 某種時(shí)態(tài)某種時(shí)態(tài),但從句表達(dá)的

24、是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然規(guī)但從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然規(guī) 律等時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。律等時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 他告訴我他正在為考試做準(zhǔn)備。他告訴我他正在為考試做準(zhǔn)備。 He told me _ . 他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。 He told me _. 老師告訴我們光是沿直線運(yùn)行的。老師告訴我們光是沿直線運(yùn)行的。 The teacher tells us _he was preparing for the examinationHe had been away from his hometown for ten yearslight travels

25、in a straight line. 1. The fact is _ she doesnt like pop music. 2. My trouble is _ I dont have enough experience. 3. The question is _ he will be present or not. 4. What troubled him was _ he could get the money. The predicative clause is also easy!thatthatwhetherwhether/where/how3. 表語(yǔ)從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)成分

26、，一般放在連表語(yǔ)從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)成分，一般放在連系動(dòng)詞之后系動(dòng)詞之后. 作用：對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解釋說明。作用：對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解釋說明。連接詞：連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though（ if 不引導(dǎo)不引導(dǎo) 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句)連接代詞：連接代詞：who / whom / whose / which / what 連接副詞：連接副詞：when / where / why / how / because The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money a

27、t that time .He looked as if he was going to cry .Thats why I was late .because, as if 也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句: 1. He is absent today. Its _ he is seriously ill. 2. It looks _ its going to rain again. True or False: Her suggestion is that we will do it by turns. Her suggestion is that we do it by turns.bec

28、auseas if4 同位語(yǔ)從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)成分，其一般跟同位語(yǔ)從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名詞（在一些抽象名詞（ idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ； problem ；news 等）后面，對(duì)名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說明等）后面，對(duì)名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說明.同位語(yǔ)從句常用同位語(yǔ)從句常用 that 引導(dǎo)或用連接副詞引導(dǎo)或用連接副詞when / where/why / how / whether 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people .2)

29、Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them .3).Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.三、同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)和辨別三、同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)和辨別1.同位語(yǔ)從句的格式：同位語(yǔ)從句的格式：n.+ 連接詞連接詞 + 從句從句2.能接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有：能接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belie

30、f, suggestion, advice等等3.連接詞通常是連接詞通常是that,也可根據(jù)含義選用也可根據(jù)含義選用 whether, what, when, where 等來(lái)引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。等來(lái)引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will wi

31、n.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.that/ whether / where/ howwherehowthatthatwhether1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night._ The fact that two thi

32、rds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion i

33、s welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view._Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online._There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible._

34、The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.引導(dǎo)名詞從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞。引導(dǎo)名詞從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞。分析下列賓語(yǔ)從句中的連詞分析下列賓語(yǔ)從句中的連詞I dont doubt （that ）you will succeed.I dont know whether/if he will come tonight.I doubt if /whether you will keep your promise.3個(gè)句子

35、中的連詞個(gè)句子中的連詞that, whether, if （是否）在名詞性從句（是否）在名詞性從句中只起連接作用，中只起連接作用，在句中不擔(dān)任成分在句中不擔(dān)任成分,被稱為連接詞被稱為連接詞注意：注意：a. that 本身無(wú)意義，在賓語(yǔ)從句中可以省略，但在本身無(wú)意義，在賓語(yǔ)從句中可以省略，但在別的三種名詞性從句中不可以省略。別的三種名詞性從句中不可以省略。 B. whether 和和if有有是否的意義，在賓語(yǔ)從句中二者通?？梢曰Q。但是否的意義，在賓語(yǔ)從句中二者通?？梢曰Q。但whether 可以用于所有的四種名詞性從句，而可以用于所有的四種名詞性從句，而if 僅可以用僅可以用于賓語(yǔ)從句。于賓語(yǔ)

36、從句。連接詞連接詞注注 意：意：在表語(yǔ)從句中，表在表語(yǔ)從句中，表“是否是否” 時(shí)，只能用時(shí)，只能用 “whether”不能用不能用“If”。一般情況下，一般情況下，“that”不能省。引導(dǎo)多個(gè)并列賓語(yǔ)不能省。引導(dǎo)多個(gè)并列賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)第一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)第一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句“that”可以省可以省 It is /was because . 這是因?yàn)檫@是因?yàn)?It is /was why. 這就是為什么這就是為什么3. The reason (why/for)is /was that.4 The reason is because /whythat .填空填空:1.The reason _ w

37、e didnt trust him is _ he has often lied2.The reason _ he gave for his absent is _ he was ill.reason 后面的后面的表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句只能用只能用that 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), 不能不能用用why 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), 但但reason后面的定語(yǔ)從句可以用后面的定語(yǔ)從句可以用why 或者或者that 引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。綜合運(yùn)用：綜合運(yùn)用：The earth is round, _ is known to everybody.as/which2. _ is known to everybody, the earth is ro

38、und.As3. _ the earth is round is known to everybody.That4. _ is known to everybody that the earth is round.It5. Everybody knows _ the earth is round.that6. _ surprised us very much that our teacher left without a word.It7. _ surprised us very much was that our teacher left without a word.What Choose

39、 the correct sentence from each pair:He said (that) he couldnt tell you right away and that you wouldnt understand.He said (that) he couldnt tell you right away and you wouldnt understand.Just then I noticed, for the first time, our master was wearing his fine green coat.Just then I noticed, for the

40、 first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat.I must never tell anyone that I could not see the cloth.I must never tell anyone I could not see the cloth.We think it important that we study hard.We think it important we study hard.Whether he will accept your offer, I dont know.If he wi

41、ll accept your offer, I dont know.I think that he will not appear.I dont think that he will appear. Whether she comes or not doesnt concern me. If she comes or not doesnt concern me. When and where we will go are still not known. When and where we will go is still not known.I wish I saw you yesterda

42、y.I wish I had seen you yesterday.The doctor suggested that she rests for a few days.The doctor suggested that she rest for a few days.考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二: 虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣 subjunctive mood. Its high/about time that I leave. Its high/about time that I left. It is demanded that he (should) leave at once. It is demanded t

43、hat he left at once.1.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for2._he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter3.All finished, we sat down to enjoy _ we thought the most delicious dinner.A. that B. which C. what D.

44、it歷屆高考題歷屆高考題4.Mr Mike didnt understand _ made his wife so upset this morning. what was it B. why it was this C. how that was D. what it was that5.I wonder_. who of them should I elect B. who of them I should elect C. which of them should I electD. which of them I should elect 6.It was not until dark

45、 _ he found _ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem. that; what B. that; that C. when; what D. when; that7.Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and _ more than10,000 years ago.A. this is Alaska B. Alaska is now C. is now Alaska

46、D. what is now Alaska8.-Is this factory _ the false wine was made? -Yes. And also the one _ used to sell forged cigarettes. the one; where B. that; that C. what; which D. where; that 9._Do you think _ we should do to improve our English?A./;what B. What; that C. What ;/ D. How; that10.The argument r

47、emained extremely heated_ there are necessary conditions of existence such as water on the Mars.A. that B. whether C. if D. about which11.Youd better give the task to _ you think can succeed in carrying it out ahead of time. A. whomever B. no matter who C. anyone D. whoever12._turn color and fall to

48、 the ground is a sign of winter. A. That leaf B. That leaves C. Those leaf D. Those leaves13.Your shoes are_. A. where they were B. the place you put C. in the corner that you put D. there they are14.The boy dived into the water and after_ seemed to be a long time, he came up again.A. that B. what C

49、. it D. which15.When Christopher Columbus reached _is now the USA, he called the people of the new world “Indians”. which B. what C. where D. the place where16._he was ill, I was expected to take his place greatly surprised me for I didnt have much experience.A. If B. If that C. That D. That if17. M

50、ary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game. why B. what C. who D. that 18. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. whichever B. howeverC. whatever D. whenever19. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or smooth.A. / B. whethe

51、r C. how D. what 20. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. What is required B. What requiresC. It is required D. It requires21. Great changes have taken place in that school is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. wha

52、t; when B. that; whichC. what; which D. which; that 22. The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. which; where B. at which; whichC. at which; where D. which; in which23. Mum is coming . What present _ for your birthday? you expect she has got

53、B. you expect has she gotC. do you expect shes got D. do you expect has she got24. -Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? - I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 25. D

54、o you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A. that B. what C. as D. which26. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A. which B. that C. what D. whether27. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. why B. where C. what D. how 28. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland te