一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法 介紹：一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功 能：（一）表示經(jīng)常性發(fā)生 或反復(fù)發(fā)生習(xí)慣性的 動(dòng)作；這種用法中經(jīng)常用到： often 經(jīng)常,usually 通 常,always 總是， every 每 個(gè) , sometimes 有時(shí)， at在幾點(diǎn)鐘，等做時(shí) 間狀語(yǔ)，也可以說(shuō)，這是 一個(gè)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)語(yǔ)法 的特征。如：I usually get up at six.（表示經(jīng)常性的事 情。）He often has dinner at home.（經(jīng)常性事情）They always go to school on foot.他們 總是步行去上學(xué)。（“總 是”表示經(jīng)常性的事 情）（二）表示事物或人物 （

2、主語(yǔ)）的現(xiàn)在的特征、狀態(tài)，這種情形下， 通常不帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：She likes bread, but she doesn t like pizza .Doyou speakEnglish?The sky is blue.天空 是藍(lán)色的。He works in a big company. 他在一家大 公司工作。（三）表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)、 客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)、格言等； 如：The earth goes around the sun.地球 繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。There are four seasons in a year.The sun always rises in the east.Walls have

3、 ears.隔 墻有耳。（四）表示將來(lái)。如：1 .表示按時(shí)間表擬定的 或安排好的到了時(shí)間 就會(huì)發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng) 作：The train arrives at 10:30 .There is still plenty of time.火車10:30才會(huì)到達(dá)， 還有足夠多的時(shí)間。She comes back next week .她下周就會(huì)回來(lái)的。2 .在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中 和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中代 替一般將來(lái)時(shí).I will give you some candy when we meet next week.If he arrives ,please give me a phone call .二、一般現(xiàn)

4、在時(shí)構(gòu)成： （一）含有be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；This is a red skirt.This is a T-shirt. Its red .These are trousers.Theyre black.The trousers and theT-shirt are nice.This is the way I read a book, on a Tuesday Morning .小貼士：1. Be動(dòng)詞：也就是：am is are2. am 用在第一人 稱：“ I ”后面；3. is的用法：(1 ) is 用在 he she it 等第三人 稱單數(shù)的主語(yǔ)后面；(三單：“不是你，不 是我，只有一

5、個(gè)！” 一 般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)才變化) 比如：He、 she、 it、 LiMing 、Xiao Hong 、 this、that 以及 this、that修飾的部分后面等等，但是 Li Ming and Xiao Hong 這就不是 第三人稱單數(shù)了，而是復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)該用：are(2)不可數(shù)的名詞做成分用到be動(dòng)詞時(shí)也 要用：is3. are的用法：(1)第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)：we ；(2 )第二人稱即： you(單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)的后 面)；(3)第三人稱復(fù)數(shù) they 后面、 以及 these , those或 these , those 修 飾的部分等，表示復(fù)數(shù) 的地方也就是說(shuō)：記住am is應(yīng)該用的地方就可以 了，

6、別的地方都是用的are。This is a dress.This is這是These are socks.These are 這些是These are new shorts.This is a new dress.These are his shoes?This is her skirt.The trousers are nice.The trousers and the T-shirt are nice.（二） 不含有be動(dòng) 詞，即含有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的 一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)；這里只有一個(gè)需要記 住的地方：就是第三人 稱單數(shù)的后面，動(dòng)詞要加“ -s” 或“ -es ”，別的地方 就只用動(dòng)詞原形就可 以了。（

7、三單：“不是你，不 是我，只有一個(gè)！” 二 般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)才變化） 舉例：I like the shirt and the skirt.In the evening, I do my homework.In the evening, he does his homework.In the evening, she does her homework.In the evening, they do their homework.In the evening, Su Hai and Su Yang do their homework.In the evening, Su Yang do his hom

8、ework.In the evening, the girls/ the boys do their homework. 二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句子的 變化：否定句、疑問(wèn)句, 特殊疑問(wèn)句，其中特殊疑問(wèn)句放在后面介紹。否定句：簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)，就是表示否定的句子。一般疑問(wèn)句：一般疑問(wèn)句是疑問(wèn)句的一種。它 是只用yes （是）或no （否）來(lái)回答的句子。特殊疑問(wèn)句：以特殊疑 問(wèn)詞開(kāi)頭，對(duì)句中某一成分提問(wèn)的句子叫特 殊疑問(wèn)句。常用的疑問(wèn)詞有：what、who、whose 、 which 、when 、 where 、 how 、why 等。（一） 含有be動(dòng)詞 的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的 變化（含有情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞）。情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞：c

9、an1）否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be 動(dòng)詞（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞） + not +其它。如： He is a worker.He is not a worker.I can show you. I can t show you .2） 一般疑問(wèn)句：將be動(dòng)詞（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）提到 句子前面即可，即：Be （情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）+ 主語(yǔ)+ 其它。He is a worker.He is not a worker.Is he not a worker?Yes , he is. No , he isn t.I can show you. I can t show you .Can you show me ?Yes ,I can. No

10、 , I can t.I am a student . I am not a student .Are you a student? 肯定回答：Yes, I am./否定回答：No, Im not.These are my friends . They are not my friends.Are they your friends ?Yes , they are . No ,they aren t.(二)含有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的 句子1 .否定句：主語(yǔ)+ dont( doesnt ) + 壯 語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它、 時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)壯語(yǔ))。這里需要記住幾點(diǎn)：(1)主語(yǔ)“三單”時(shí), 要用助動(dòng)詞 doesnt

11、;(2)主 語(yǔ) + dont( doesnt) 后面要加動(dòng)詞原形，即：去掉三單時(shí)動(dòng)詞后 面的(s或es)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單 數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesnt構(gòu) 成否定句。主語(yǔ) +doesnt/ I dont+動(dòng)詞原形(動(dòng)詞 原來(lái)形狀) 如：He doesnt often play.I dont like bread.2 . 一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) + 主語(yǔ) + 壯語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其 它。這里的 “ Do( Does ) ”只是為了幫助形成一般疑問(wèn)句，沒(méi)有實(shí)際意 思！這里需要注意幾點(diǎn)： (1)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用 does替換do構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。(2)主語(yǔ)三單時(shí)，句 子中的動(dòng)詞要變 為動(dòng)

12、詞原形。如：-Do you often play football?肯定形式：Yes, I do.否定形式：No, Idont.如：-Does she go to work by bike?肯定形式回答：Yes, she does. 否定回答：No, she doesnt.3 .小貼士：(這里是平 時(shí)我們注意積累的地 方，可以把我們平時(shí)的 積累、感悟記在這里！)(1) “含有be動(dòng)詞的 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”這里句 型的變化上邊已經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，但是并不局限于一 般現(xiàn)在時(shí)！更為準(zhǔn)確的 表達(dá)是：含有be (am、 is、 are、 was、 were )動(dòng)詞的句子，將 其提到句首，句末打上 問(wèn)號(hào)即可；(2) 一般

13、疑問(wèn)句的回 答，開(kāi)頭往往是yes或no 。也就是說(shuō)，只要能看出 是一般疑問(wèn)句，那么它 的回答開(kāi)頭往往就是 yes 或 no ;(3)如遇第一人稱， 最好將其變成第二人 稱；舉例：I am a teacher.否定句： I am not a teacher.一般疑問(wèn)句：Are you a teacher?肯定回答：Yes , I am . 否定回答：No ,I m not .My father is a teacher.否定句：My father is not a teacher. 一般 疑問(wèn)句：Is your father a teacher?肯定回答：Yes ,he is . 否定回答：No

14、 ,he isn t(4)在一般疑問(wèn)句和 否定句中，要表達(dá)“一 些”時(shí)，some f any ; 但是，如果這個(gè)問(wèn)句是 用來(lái)表達(dá)“建議、請(qǐng) 求、邀請(qǐng)”等交際功能 時(shí)，而且希望聽(tīng)到肯 定回答時(shí)，應(yīng)該用some.Is there any tea in the cup?Do you have any children?May I have some fish?Would you like some tea?Shall we buy some vegetables?Can I borrow some money from you?Why not have some bread?How about so

15、me orange juice?（三）特殊疑問(wèn)句： 構(gòu)成：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑 問(wèn)句，同時(shí)注意去掉劃 線部分。如：Where is my bike?How does your father go to work?I usually play football on Friday afternoon.When do you usually play football ?I usually play football on Friday afternoon.What do you usually do on Friday afternoon?Who is singing?Who often helps

16、your mother?（四）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中,動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則即： 動(dòng)詞三單的變化規(guī)律：（三單：“不是你，不 是我、只有一個(gè)！” 一 般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)才變化） 動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)詞 尾變化有三種形式。1 .一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加-s , -s在清輔音后讀/s/,在濁輔音或元音 后讀/z/。如：help helps know knows get getsread reads2 .以字母 s, x, ch, sh 或有些以字母o結(jié)尾的 動(dòng)詞加-es ,guess guesses?fixf fixes teach fteaches wash f washes brush-brushes注意：go goes?dod

17、oes3 .以字母y結(jié)尾的動(dòng) 詞，有兩種情形：1）以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾 的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i, 再加-es ,carry carries , fly f flies2）字母y前為元音字 母，第三人稱單數(shù)形式 直接在動(dòng)i后面加-s。play plays say 7 says舉例說(shuō)明：1. They are my parents. 他們是我 的父母；否定句： They are not my parents. 他們不是我的父母。一般疑問(wèn)句：Are they your parents ? 他們是你的父母嗎？肯定回答：Yes , they are .否定回答：No ,they _, J.aren t .2.

18、 They are playing basketball over there.他們正在那邊玩足球；否定句： They are not playing basketball over there.一般疑問(wèn)句：Are they playing basketball over there.肯定回答：Yes ,they are .否定回答： No ,they aren t .3. The boy is drawing a picturenow.否定句： The boy is not drawing a picture now.一般疑問(wèn)句：Is the boy drawing a picture no

19、w.肯定回答：Yes ,he is . 否定回答：No ,he isn t.4. I am going to do my homework .否定句：I am not going to do my homework .一般疑問(wèn)句：Are you going to do your homework ?肯定回答：Yes ,I am .否定回答：No , I m not .5. There is a bike behind the tree.否定句： There isnt a bike behind the tree. 一般疑問(wèn)句:Is there a bike behind the tree.Ye

20、s ,there is No ,there isn t .6. There are some pencils in my pencil box.否定句:There are not any pencils in my pencil box.一般疑問(wèn)句：Are there any pencils in your pencil box.肯定回答：Yes ,there are .否定回答： No ,there aren t .7. There are some fish in the water.（這里的fish是魚(yú)的意 思是可數(shù)名詞所以用 are ,只不過(guò)是名詞的 單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同而已。） 否定句：T

21、here are not any fish in the water.一般疑問(wèn)句：Are there any fish in the water?肯定回答：Yes, there are .否定回答：No, there arent .8. There is some water on Mars.（英 m a?z）火星 否定句：There is not any water on Mars. 一般疑問(wèn)句:Is there any water on Mars? （這里的water是不可 數(shù)名詞，所以用is .） 肯定回答：Yes, there is.否定回答：No, there isnt.9. Jen

22、ny can speak Enlish?珍妮會(huì)說(shuō) 英語(yǔ)。否定句：Jenny can t speak English?Can Jenny speak English? o 肯定回答：Yes ,she can . /Yes , Jenny can .否定回答：No ,she can t ./No Jenny can t .10. I like English. He likes English.否定句：I don t like English.He doesn t likes English.Do you like English? Does he like English? 肯定回答：Yes,

23、I do.否定回答：No, I don tYes, he does. No, he doesn t.11. I do my homework every day.這里的單詞 do是行 為、實(shí)意動(dòng)詞是“做什 么”的意思。否定句：I don t my homework every day.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do you do your homework every day.“你每天做作業(yè)嗎？ ” 這里的前面的“Do”是 助動(dòng)詞，后邊的“ do” 是行為動(dòng)詞，是干什 么，做什么的意思。就像：“What do you usually do on sundays ”Yes, I do . No, I don

24、t .12. Li Ming usually waters the flowers every day.Li Ming doesnt usually water the flowers every day.Does Li Ming usually water the flowers everyday ?Yes, he does . No, he doesn t.Li Ming usually waters the flowers every day.Where does Li Ming water the flowers ?Li Ming usually waters the flowers

25、every day.What does Li Ming do everyday ?（將 Ling Ming 換成：I、 We 、 They、She、 He、Tom、LingMing smother 、 Ling Ming s parents 、 Xiao Hong and Ling Ming 逐一做一遍練 習(xí)）13. Is this your cap, Danny?No! Its Kims cap.14. Are these yourgloves?No. Theyre Li Taos gloves.15. Are these your gloves?Yes, they are. No, the

26、y arent.16. This is a dress.These are socks.Are these her shorts?Is this her dress?Yes, it is. No, it isnt.17. These are new shorts.Arethese her shorts?Yes, they are. No, they arent.Are these his shorts?Yes, they are. No, they arent.18. Is this her dress? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.Is this his cap? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.Are these his shoes?Yes, they are. No, they arent 。Is this her skirt ?Yes, it is. No, it isnt.Are these her trousers ?Yes, they are. No, they arent.19. Whatishe/she wearin