經(jīng)濟類英語專業(yè)詞匯

1、常用經(jīng)濟類詞匯：economist經(jīng)濟學(xué)家socialisteconomy社會主義經(jīng)濟capitalisteconomy資本主義經(jīng)濟collectiveeconomy集體經(jīng)濟plannedeconomy計戈U經(jīng)濟controlledeconomy管制經(jīng)濟ruraleconomics農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟liberaleconomy自由經(jīng)濟mixedeconomy混合經(jīng)濟politicaleconomy政治經(jīng)濟學(xué)protectionism保護主義autarchy閉關(guān)自守primarysector初級成分privatesector私營成分，私營部門publicsector公共部門，公共成分economiccha

2、nnels經(jīng)濟渠道economicbalance經(jīng)濟平衡economicfluctuation經(jīng)濟波動economicdepression經(jīng)濟衰退economicstability經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定economic policy經(jīng)濟政策economic recovery經(jīng)濟復(fù)原understanding約定concentration集中holdingcompany控股公司trust托拉斯cartel卡特爾rateofgrowth增長economictrend經(jīng)濟趨勢economicsituation經(jīng)濟形勢infrastructure基本建設(shè)standardofliving生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn),生活水平購買力pur

3、chasingpower,buyingpowerscarcity短缺stagnation停滯,蕭條,不景氣underdevelopment不發(fā)達underdeveloped不發(fā)達的developing發(fā)展中的initialcapital創(chuàng)辦資本frozencapital凍結(jié)資金frozenassets凍結(jié)資產(chǎn)fixedassets固定資產(chǎn)realestate不動產(chǎn),房地產(chǎn)流動資本circulatingcapital,workingcapitalavailablecapital可用資產(chǎn)capitalgoods資本貨物reserve預(yù)備金,儲備金callingupofcapital催繳資本allo

4、cationoffunds資金分配contributionoffunds資金捐獻workingcapitalfund周轉(zhuǎn)基金revolvingfund循環(huán)基金,周轉(zhuǎn)性基金contingencyfund意外開支,預(yù)備金reservefund預(yù)備金bufferfund緩沖基金,平準(zhǔn)基金sinkingfund償債基金investment投資,資產(chǎn)investor投資人self-financing自籌經(jīng)費,經(jīng)費自給bank銀行currentaccount經(jīng)常帳戶(美作:checkingaccount)current-accountholder支票帳戶(美作:checking-accountholder

5、)cheque支票(美作:check)bearercheque,chequepayabletobearer無記名支票,來人支票crossedcheque劃線支票travellerscheque旅行支票chequebook支票簿,支票本(美作:checkbook)endorsement背書devaluation （ 貨幣 ）貶值transfer轉(zhuǎn)讓,轉(zhuǎn)帳,過戶money貨幣issue發(fā)行readymoney現(xiàn)錢cash現(xiàn)金readymoneybusiness,nocreditgiven現(xiàn)金交易,概不賒欠change零錢banknote,note鈔票,紙幣（美作:bill）topay（in）cas

6、h付現(xiàn)金domesticcurrency,localcurrency本國貨幣convertibility可兌換性convertiblecurrencies可自由兌換貨幣exchangerate匯率,兌換率foreignexchange外匯floatingexchangerate浮動匯率freeexchangerates自由匯兌市場foreignexchangecertificate外匯兌換券hardcurrency硬通貨speculation投機saving儲裝,存款depreciation減價,貶值revaluation重估價runawayinflation無法控制的通貨膨脹deflatio

7、n通貨緊縮capitalflight資本外逃securitiesbusiness證券市場stockexchange股票市場stockexchangecorporation證券交易所stockexchange證券交易所,股票交易所quotation報價,牌價share股份,股票shareholder,stockholder股票持有人,股東dividend股息,紅利cashdividend現(xiàn)金配股stockinvestment股票投資investmenttrust投資信托stock-jobber股票經(jīng)紀(jì)人stockcompany,stockbrokeragefirm證券公司securities有價

8、證券share,commonstock普通股preferencestock優(yōu)先股incomegain股利收入issue發(fā)行股票parvalue股面價格,票面價格bull買手,多頭bear賣手,空頭assigned過戶openingprice開盤closingprice收盤hardtimes低潮businessrecession景氣衰退doldrums景氣停滯dull盤整ease松弛raisinglimit漲停板break暴跌bond,debenture債券WallStreet華爾街shorttermloan短期貸款longtermloan長期貸款mediumtermloan中期貸款lender

9、債權(quán)人creditor債權(quán)人debtor債務(wù)人,借方borrower借方,借款人borrowing借款interest利息rateofinterest利率discount貼現(xiàn),折扣rediscount再貼現(xiàn)annuity年金maturity到期日,償還日amortization攤銷,攤還,分期償付redemption償還insurance保險mortgage抵押allotment撥款shorttermcredit短期信貸, 長期債務(wù)consolidateddebt合并債務(wù)fundeddebtfloatingdebt流動債務(wù)drawing提款,提存aid援助allowance,grant,sub

10、sidy補貼,補助金,津貼cost成本,費用expenditure,outgoings開支,支出fixedcosts固定成本overheadcosts營業(yè)間接成本overheads雜項開支,間接成本operatingcostsoperatingexpensesrunningexpensesmiscellaneouscostsoverheadexpenses生產(chǎn)費用,營業(yè)成本營業(yè)費用日常費用,經(jīng)營費用雜項費用間接費用,治理費用維修費用 , 養(yǎng)護費用upkeepcosts,maintenancecoststransportcosts運輸費用social charges 社會負(fù)擔(dān)費用taxation

11、 征稅 ,納稅contingentexpenses,contingencies或有費用apportionmentofexpenses分?jǐn)傎M用income收入,收益earnings利潤,收益grossincome,grossearnings總收入,總收益grossprofit,grossbenefit毛利,總利潤,利益毛額netincome純收益,凈收入,收益凈額averageincome平均收入nationalincome國民收入profitability,profitearningcapacity利潤率,贏利率yield產(chǎn)量收益,收益率increaseinvalue,appreciation

12、增值,升值duty稅taxationsystem稅制fiscalcharges財務(wù)稅收progressivetaxation累進稅制graduatedtax累進稅valueaddedtax增值稅incometax所得稅landtax地租,地價稅excisetax特許權(quán)稅basisofassessment估稅標(biāo)準(zhǔn)taxableincome須納稅的收入fiscality檢查tax-free免稅的taxexemption免稅taxpayer納稅人taxcollector收稅員國民生產(chǎn)總值GNP(GrossNationalProduct)人均國民生產(chǎn)總值percapitaGNP產(chǎn)值outputvalu

13、e鼓勵giveincentiveto投入input宏觀控制exercisemacro-control優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)optimizetheeconomicstructure輸入活力bringvigorinto改善經(jīng)濟環(huán)境improveeconomicenvironment整頓經(jīng)濟秩序rectifyeconomicorder有效地控制通貨膨脹effectivelycontrolinflation非公有成分non-publicsectors主要成分dominantsector實在的tangible全體會議plenarysession解放生產(chǎn)力liberate/unshackle/releasethep

14、roductiveforces引入歧途leadonetoablindalley舉措move實事求是seektruthfromfacts引進、輸入importation和平演變peacefulevolution試一下haveago(atsth.)精華、精粹、實質(zhì)quintessence家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)責(zé)任承包制family-contractresponsibilitysystem搞活企業(yè)invigorateenterprises商品經(jīng)濟commodityeconomy基石cornerstone零售retail發(fā)電量electricenergyproduction有色金屬nonferrousmetals人

15、均收入percapitaincome使負(fù)擔(dān)besaddledwith營業(yè)發(fā)達的公司goingconcerns被兼并或擠掉annexedorforcedoutofbusiness善于接受的receptive增額、增值、增長increment發(fā)展過快excessivegrowth抽樣調(diào)查datafromthesamplesurvey扣除物價上漲部分priceincreasearededucted(excluded)實際增長率actualgrowthrate國際收支internationalbalanceofpayments流通制度circulationsystem總工資totalwages分配形式

16、formsofdistribution風(fēng)險資金riskfunds治理不善poormanagement農(nóng)業(yè)farming林業(yè)forestry畜牧業(yè)animalhusbandry副業(yè)sidelineproduction漁業(yè)fishing第一產(chǎn)業(yè)primaryindustry第二產(chǎn)業(yè)secondaryindustry第三產(chǎn)業(yè)tertiaryindustry生產(chǎn)資料meansofproduction生活資料meansoflivelihood/subsistence生產(chǎn)關(guān)系relationsofproduction生產(chǎn)力productiveforces公有制publicownership私有制priva

17、teownership全民所有制ownershipbytheentire/wholepeople社會主義集體所有制socialistcollectiveownership厲行節(jié)約，反對浪費topracticestricteconomyandcombatwaste外資企業(yè)foreign-fundedenterprise合資企業(yè)jointventure合作企業(yè)cooperativeenterprise獨資企業(yè)whollyforeignowned/fundedenterprise一個中心、兩個基本點onecentraltaskandtwobasicpoints資本主義和社會主義并不是以計劃經(jīng)濟和市場

18、的多少來劃分的。Socialismandcapitalismarenotdistinguishedbytheproportionofplannedandmarketeconomy.初步建立社會主義計劃商品經(jīng)濟新體制。toestablishatapreliminarylevelanewsystemofsocialistplannedcommodityeconomy.work/needs.經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)改革。reformineconomicstructure剩余勞動力。surpluslabor經(jīng)營機制operativemechanism發(fā)揮市場的調(diào)節(jié)作用togiveplaytotheregulatory

19、roleofthemarket經(jīng)濟和法律的杠桿economicandlegalleverages經(jīng)濟計劃和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合tocombineeconomicplanningwithmarketregulation計劃經(jīng)濟和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合的機制amechanismthatcombinesplannedeconomyandmarketregulation中國國際貿(mào)易促進委員會NationalCouncilforUS-ChinaTrade美中貿(mào)易全國理事會Japan-ChinaEconomicAssociation日中經(jīng)濟協(xié)會AssociationforthePromotionofInternatio

20、nalTrade,Japan日本國際貿(mào)易促進會BritishCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade英國國際貿(mào)易促進委員會InternationalChamberofCommerce國際商會InternationalUnionofMarineInsurance國際海洋運輸保險協(xié)會InternationalAluminaAssociation國際鋁礬土協(xié)會關(guān)稅合作理事會UniversalPostalUnion,UPU萬國郵政聯(lián)盟CustomsCo-operationCouncil,CCCUnitedNationsTradeandDevelopmentB

21、oard聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展理事會OrganizationforEconomiccooperationandDevelopment,DECD與開發(fā)組織經(jīng)濟合作EuropeanEconomicCommunity,EEC,EuropeanCommonMarket歐洲經(jīng)濟共同體EuropeanFreeTradeAssociation,EFTA歐洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟EuropeanFreeTradeArea,EFTA歐洲自由貿(mào)易區(qū)CouncilforMutualEconomicAid,CMEA經(jīng)濟互助委員會Eurogroup歐洲集團GroupofTen十國集團CommitteeofTwenty(ParisClu

22、b)二十國委員會CoordinatingCommittee,COCOM巴黎統(tǒng)籌委員會CaribbeanCommonMarket,CCM,CaribbeanFree-TradeAssociation,CARIFTA加勒比共同市場(加勒比自由貿(mào)易同盟)AndeansCommonMarket,ACM,AndeansTreatyOrganization,ATO斯共同市場安第LatinAmericanFreeTradeAssociation,LAFTA拉丁美洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟中美洲共同市場CentralAmericanCommonMarket,CACMAfricanandMalagasyCommonOrga

23、nization,OCAM非洲與馬爾加什共同組織EastAfricanCommonMarket,EACM東非共同市場CentralAfricanCustomsandEconomicUnion,CEUCA中非關(guān)稅經(jīng)濟同盟WestAfricanEconomicCommunity,WAEC西非經(jīng)濟共同體英語教學(xué)常用的句子：(1) 上課(Beginningaclass)(2) Letsstartnow./Letsbeginourclass/lesson.(3) Standup,please.(4) Sitdown,please.2.問候(Greeting)(5) Hello,boysandgirls/

24、children.(6) Goodmorning,class/everyone/everybody/children/boysandgirls.(7) Goodafternoon,class/everyone/everybody/children/boysandgirls.(8) Howareyoutoday?3.考勤(Checkingattendance)(9) Whosondutytoday?/Whoshelpingthismorning/today?(10) Iseveryone/everybodyhere/present?(11) Isanyoneaway?/Isanybodyaway?(12) Isanyoneabsent?/Isanybodyabsent?(13) Whosabsent?/Whosaway?(14) Whereishe/she?(15) Trytobeontime./Dontbelatenexttime.(16) Gobacktoyourseat,please.(17) Whatdayisittoday?(18) Whatsthedatetoda