汽車專業(yè)英語詞匯(零件)

1、汽車專業(yè)英語詞匯汽車automobile拖拉機(jī)tractor鐵路機(jī)車locomotive有軌電車tram無軌電車trolley軍用車輛military vehicle蒸汽機(jī)steam engine煤氣機(jī)gas engine汽油機(jī)gasoline engine國民經(jīng)濟(jì)national economy國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP Gross Domestic Production 全拆散(CKD Completely Knock Down半拆散(SKD Semi-Knock Down改革開放reform and opening技術(shù)引進(jìn)technical import國產(chǎn)化localization支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)p

2、illar estate轎車car客車bus, coach貨車truck, lorry公路用車road vehicle非公路用車off-road vehicle發(fā)動機(jī)engine機(jī)體engine body曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)crank-connecting rod mechanism 配氣機(jī)構(gòu)valve timing mechanism供給系fuel supply system冷卻系cooling system潤滑系lubricating system點(diǎn)火系ignition system起動系starting system底盤chassis傳動系power train離合器clutch變速器gear

3、box傳動軸propeller shaft驅(qū)動橋drive axle行駛系running gear車架frame懸架suspension前軸front axle橋殼axle housing車輪wheel轉(zhuǎn)向系steering system轉(zhuǎn)向盤steering wheel轉(zhuǎn)向器steering gear轉(zhuǎn)向傳動裝置steering linkage助力裝置power assisting device制動系braking system控制裝置control device供能裝置power supply device傳動裝置transfer device制動器brake車身body車前板制件fron

4、t end panels車身殼體body shell車門door車窗window附屬裝置auxiliary device貨箱carrying platform發(fā)動機(jī)前置后輪驅(qū)動(FR front engine rear drive發(fā)動機(jī)前置前輪驅(qū)動(FF front engine front drive發(fā)動機(jī)后置后輪驅(qū)動(RR rear engine rear drive發(fā)動機(jī)中置后輪驅(qū)動(MR midship engine rear drive 全輪驅(qū)動(AWD all wheel drive驅(qū)動力tractive force阻力resistance滾動阻力rolling resistanc

5、e空氣阻力air resistance, drag上坡阻力gradient resistance附著作用adhesion附著力adhesive force附著系數(shù)coefficient of adhesion第一章發(fā)動機(jī)工作原理二沖程發(fā)動機(jī)two stroke engine四沖程發(fā)動機(jī)four stroke engine水冷發(fā)動機(jī)water cooled engine風(fēng)冷發(fā)動機(jī)air cooled engine上止點(diǎn)(UDP upper dead point下止點(diǎn)(LDP lower dead point活塞行程stroke汽缸直徑bore工作容積working volume排量swept v

6、olume, displacement進(jìn)氣行程intake stroke壓縮行程compression stroke 壓縮比compression ratio做功行程working stroke爆燃,敲缸detonation, knock 排氣行程exhaust stroke示功圖indicating diagram汽缸體cylinder block汽缸蓋cylinder head油底殼oil sump活塞piston連桿connecting rod曲軸crankshaft飛輪flywheel進(jìn)氣門intake valve排氣門exhaust valve挺柱tappet推桿push rod搖臂

7、rocker凸輪軸camshaft正時齒輪timing gear燃油箱fuel tank燃油泵fuel pump汽油濾清器gasoline filter化油器carburetor空氣濾清器air cleaner進(jìn)氣管intake manifold排氣管exhaust manifold火花塞spark plug點(diǎn)火線圈ignition coil斷電器breaker蓄電池storage battery發(fā)電機(jī)generator水泵water pump散熱器radiator風(fēng)扇fan放水閥drain valve水套water jacket分水管distributive pipe機(jī)油泵oil pump集

8、濾器suction filter限壓閥relief valve潤滑油道oil passage機(jī)油濾清器oil filter機(jī)油冷卻器oil cooler起動機(jī)starting motor有效功率effective power有效轉(zhuǎn)矩effective torque燃油消耗率specific fuel consumption發(fā)動機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速特性engine speed characteristic節(jié)氣門開度throttle percentage部分特性partial characteristic外特性outer characteristic第二章曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)汽缸套cylinder sleeve, cy

9、linder liner發(fā)動機(jī)支承engine mounting活塞頂piston top活塞頭部piston head活塞裙piston skirt開槽slot活塞環(huán)piston ring氣環(huán)compression ring油環(huán)oil ring環(huán)槽groove活塞銷piston pin主軸承main bearing主軸承蓋main bearing cap主軸瓦main shell連桿軸承big end bearing連桿蓋big end cap起動爪cranking claw帶輪pulley平衡重counter weight發(fā)火順序firing order扭振減振器torsional vib

10、ration damper第三章配氣機(jī)構(gòu)頂置氣門(OHV Over Head Valve頂置凸輪軸(OHC Over Head Camshaft單頂置凸輪軸(SOHC Single Over Head Camshaft 雙頂置凸輪軸(DOHC Dual Over Head Camshaft 多氣門發(fā)動機(jī)multi-valve engine氣門間隙valve clearance配氣相位timing phase氣門桿valve stem氣門座valve seat氣門導(dǎo)管valve guide氣門彈簧valve spring第四章汽油機(jī)供給系可燃混合氣combustion mixture消聲器sil

11、encer, muffler汽油gasoline, petrol分餾distil蒸發(fā)性evaporating property熱值heat value抗爆性anti-knock property辛烷值(RON Research Octane Number 過量空氣系數(shù)coefficient of excessive air 理論混合氣theoretical mixture稀混合氣thin mixture濃混合氣thick mixture主供油系統(tǒng)main supply system怠速系統(tǒng)idle system加濃系統(tǒng)thickening system加速系統(tǒng)accelerating syst

12、em浮子float浮子室float chamber針閥needle valve量孔metering jet阻風(fēng)門choke濾芯filter cartridge沉淀杯sediment cup泵膜pump diaphragm油浴式oil bath type石棉墊a*estos pad預(yù)熱pre-heating汽油直接噴射gasoline direct injection 電控electronic control多點(diǎn)噴射muti-point injection單點(diǎn)噴射single point injection電路控制circuit control分電器信號distributor signal空氣流

13、量信號airflow signal冷卻水溫信號water temperature signal 第五章柴油機(jī)供給系輸油泵transfer pump噴油泵fuel injection pump高壓油管high pressure fuel pipe發(fā)火性ignition property黏度viscosity凝點(diǎn)condensing point備燃期pri-combustion period速燃期rapid combustion period緩燃期slow combustion period燃燒室combustion chamber統(tǒng)一燃燒室united chamber球形燃燒室ball shap

14、e chamber渦流室turbulence chamber預(yù)燃室pri-combustion chamber噴油器injector精密偶件precise couple柱塞plunger出油閥delivery valve調(diào)速器governor兩速調(diào)速器two speed governor全速調(diào)速器full speed governor定速調(diào)速器fixed speed governor綜合調(diào)速器combined governor氣動調(diào)速器pneumatic governor機(jī)械離心式調(diào)速器mechanical centrifugal governor 復(fù)合式調(diào)速器complex governor

15、噴油提前角調(diào)節(jié)裝置advancer飛塊flyweight聯(lián)軸節(jié)coupling粗濾清器primary filter細(xì)濾清器secondary filter渦輪增壓器turbocharger中間冷卻器intermediate cooler第七章冷卻系節(jié)溫器thermostat防凍液anti-freezing liquid補(bǔ)償水桶compensation reservoirV-帶V belt百葉窗shutter大循環(huán)big circulation小循環(huán)small circulation散熱翅片fins第八章潤滑系潤滑劑lubricant壓力潤滑pressure lubrication飛濺潤滑spl

16、ash lubrication潤滑脂grease機(jī)油壓力傳感器oil pressure sensor油封oil seal旁通閥bypass valve機(jī)油散熱器oil cooler機(jī)油尺dip stick加機(jī)油口oil filler曲軸箱通風(fēng)crankcase ventilation第九章點(diǎn)火系一次繞組primary winding二次繞組secondary winding熱敏電阻heat sensitive resistance點(diǎn)火提前ignition advance分電器distributor活動觸點(diǎn)moving contact固定觸點(diǎn)fixed contact分火頭distributor

17、 rotor arm電容器condenser點(diǎn)火提前裝置ignition advancer離心式點(diǎn)火提前裝置centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式點(diǎn)火提前裝置vacuum ignition advancer辛烷值校正器octane number rectifier中心電極central electrode側(cè)電極side electrode瓷絕緣體ceramic insulator跳火間隙spark gap半導(dǎo)體點(diǎn)火系semi-conductor ignition system晶體管transistor二極管diode三極管triode無觸點(diǎn)點(diǎn)火系non-contac

18、t ignition system霍爾效應(yīng)Hall effect正極板anode負(fù)極板cathode隔板separator電解液electrolyte蓄電池格battery cell接線柱terminal電纜cable硅整流交流發(fā)電機(jī)silicon rectified A.C. motor轉(zhuǎn)子rotor定子stator電刷brush風(fēng)扇葉輪fan blade電壓調(diào)節(jié)器voltage regulator第十章起動系手搖起動cranking電熱塞electric heater plug串激直流發(fā)電機(jī)serial wound D.C. motor起動齒圈starter ring電磁操縱機(jī)構(gòu)elect

19、ro-magnetic control第十一章新型發(fā)動機(jī)三角活塞triangular piston轉(zhuǎn)子發(fā)動機(jī)rotary engine自轉(zhuǎn)rotary motion, rotation公轉(zhuǎn)orbit motion軌跡trajectory齒輪gear齒圈ring gear往復(fù)零件reciprocal parts動平衡dynamic balance燃?xì)鉁u輪發(fā)動機(jī)gas turbine第十二章汽車傳動系機(jī)械式傳動系mechanical transmission液力機(jī)械式傳動系hydro-mechanical transmission 靜液式傳動系static-hydraulic transmissi

20、on電力式傳動系electrical transmission自動式傳動系automatic transmission減速reduction可變速比variable ratios有級變速definite ratios無級變速indefinite ratios無級變速器(CVT Continuously Variable Transmission 一般布置general layout發(fā)動機(jī)橫置lateral engine positioning分動器transfer case, transfer box第十三章離合器接合柔和smooth engagement分離徹底thorough separa

21、tion過載overload摩擦表面friction surface摩擦襯片friction liner轂hub主動部分driving part從動部分driven part花鍵spline壓盤pressure plate離合器蓋cover plate分離杠桿release lever分離套筒release sleeve分離軸承release bearing主缸master cylinder工作缸working cylinder分離叉release fork間隙調(diào)整clearance adjustment踏板pedal踏板自由行程pedal free stroke踏板工作行程pedal wor

22、king stroke鉚釘,鉚接rivet雙片離合器dual disc clutch中央彈簧離合器central spring clutch膜片彈簧離合器diaphragm spring clutch 非線性non-linear第十四章變速器與分動器輸入軸(第一軸input shaft, drive shaft 輸出軸(第二軸output shaft, main shaft 中間軸counter shaft倒擋軸reverse gear shaft常嚙合constant mesh低速擋low gear高速擋high gear最高速擋top gear空擋neutral gear一擋the fir

23、st gear二擋the second gear三擋the third gear倒擋reverse gear直接擋direct gear超速擋overdrive動力輸出power take-off換擋shift嚙合套sliding sleeve同步器synchronizer同步錐面synchro cone變速桿shifting lever手柄handle球鉸鏈ball joint換擋撥叉shifting fork自鎖self-lock互鎖inter-lock變速驅(qū)動橋transaxle加力擋low gear第十五章液力機(jī)械傳動液力偶合器hydraulic coupling泵輪impeller渦輪turbine葉片blade