初中英語主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子練習(xí)題及答案

1、被動(dòng)語態(tài)一、語態(tài)概述英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài).主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者.如:Many people speak English. 謂語：speak的動(dòng)作是由主語 many people來執(zhí)行的.被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者,即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象.所謂“被動(dòng)語態(tài),相 當(dāng)丁中文中常說的“被、“由的句式,如：“他的自行車被偷了., 再如：English is spoken by many people. 主語 English 是動(dòng)詞 speak 的承受 者.判斷：看下面的兩個(gè)例句,你來判斷哪個(gè)是主動(dòng)哪個(gè)是被動(dòng)He opened the door. 他開了門.()The door wa

2、s opened. 門被開了.()二、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be動(dòng)詞+被動(dòng)特點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)賓,用be加上過去分.行為對(duì)象作主語,邏輯主語by來引.1. English is (speak) in Canada.2. The blouse is (make of silk.3. English is (speak) by many people.誰做的動(dòng)作不知道,說出誰做的沒必要.動(dòng)作承受者需強(qiáng)調(diào),用被動(dòng)語態(tài)莫忘了.1. Some stamps were (steal ) last week.2. The PRC was (found) on October 1, 1949.3. Football is (p

3、lay ) in most middle schools.被動(dòng)語態(tài)須留意,前面助動(dòng)be. be +am(is,are ) 現(xiàn)在H寸, am(is,are ) +was和 were表過去.was (were) +完成 have (has) been.have (has) been+將來,情態(tài),be原形.will (can,may,must) be+進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)兩個(gè) be,前表時(shí)態(tài)后加 ing. am(is,are ) +being+被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞 be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成.人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化 是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的.但凡漢語中帶“被的句子,都能轉(zhuǎn)換成英語的 被動(dòng)語態(tài).三. 幾種常用時(shí)態(tài)

4、的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+ 過去分詞肯定句： Bikes are (sell ) in that shop.否認(rèn)句： Bikes are not sold in that shop.疑問句： Are bikes sold in that shop Yes, they are. / No, they arent.2. 一般過去時(shí)：was/were+過去分詞肯定句：He was(save) in 1999.否認(rèn)句：He was not saved in 1999.疑問句： Was he saved in 1999 Yes, he was. / No,he wasnt.3. 一

5、般將來時(shí)：shall/will/be going to + be+過去分詞肯定句： An English class will be (give ) by Jack tomorrow. 否認(rèn)句： An English class will not be given by Jack tomorrow.疑問句： Will an English class be given by Jack tomorrow4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are + being+ 過去分詞肯定句： A car is being (drive ) now.否認(rèn)句： A car is not being driven no

6、w.疑 I 可句：Is a car being driven now Yes, it is. / No, it isnt.5. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have / has+ been+ 過去分詞肯定句： A road has been (build ) by the government.否認(rèn)句： A road hasnt been built by the government.疑 I 可句： Has a road been built by the government Yes, it has. / No, it hasnt.6. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be +1) This clock can be

7、 (repair ) here.2) The trees may be (plant ) at other times of the year.3) The composition must be (hand) in after class.4) The young trees should be (plant ) in spring.四、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法(1) 不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰.例如：Some new computers were (steal ) last night.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了.(不知道電腦是誰偷的)This book was (publish ) in 1

8、981. 這本書出版于 1981 年.(2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者,而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者.例如：The window was (break) by Mike. 窗戶是邁克打破的.每天8小時(shí)睡眠必須得This book was (write ) by him. 這本書是他寫的.Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.到保證.五、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法(1) 把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語.(2) 把謂語變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(be+過去分詞)(根據(jù)被動(dòng)語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù),以及原來主動(dòng)語態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來決定be的形式).(3) 把主動(dòng)語

9、態(tài)中的主語放在介詞 by之后作賓語,將主格改為賓格.例如： the people (laugh ) at him.t He was (laugh ) at by all people. (make the bikes in the factory.t The bikes are (make by them in the factory.六、補(bǔ)充一些賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞如make, see, hear等在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中可以接動(dòng)詞原形(實(shí)為省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式)作為賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞在變被動(dòng)語態(tài)是一定要注意恢復(fù)to如：He made me stand outside. I was made to stand out

10、side (by him)I saw him play football.t He was seen to play footballby him )專項(xiàng)練習(xí)、選擇題()a new library in our school last yearA. Is; builtB. Was; builtC. Does;buildD. Did ; build()2. An accident on this road last week.A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened()(棉花)in the southeast

11、of China.A. is grownB. are grownC.growsD. grow()talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week.A. is givenB. has been given C. will begiven D. gives()many trees this year ?A. are plantedB. will plantC. havebeen planted D. planted()lot of things by people to save the little girl now.A. are doin

12、gB. are being done C. has beendone D. will be done()Great Wall all over the world.A. knowsB. knewC.is knownD. was known()8. The children by the nurse.A. were lookedB. looked after C. were looked after D.looked()9. He some pieces of advice, but he to them.A. gave, didnt listenB. was given, wasnt list

13、enedC. give, wasnt listened D. was given, didnt listen ()10. The question by us soon.A. is going to discussB. will discussC. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed()11. The lab about five years ago.A. was built B. was built C. builds D. has been built()12. A lot of tall buildings in his home

14、town in the last threeyears.A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up()13. They printing 500 copies by the end of last month.A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished()14. Rice also in their hometown.A. is - grown B. is - grew C. was - grew D. was

15、- grown()15. He by the teachers.A. is always praised B. praisesC. have been praised D. always is praised()16. The picture in October, 1996.A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken()17. We cant use the bridge now, because it.A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is b

16、eing repaired()18. I the way to the railway station by a policeman.A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing ()19. The war in 1941.A. broke outB. had been broken outC. was broken out D. had broken out()20. When water, it will be changed into vapour.A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D.

17、heats()21. We cant enter the room because its door.A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking()22. They day and night.A. are made workB. are made to workC. made to be worked D. are making to work()23. Man-made satellites into space by many countries.A. was sent upB. is sent upC. have been sent up

18、 D. has been sent up()24. This English song often by the children.,singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung()windows of our house once a week.A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned()26. When the Peoples Republic of China?A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does,

19、found()27. Marys radio by my brother just now.A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended()28. Some trees may at other times of the year.A. be planted B. plant C. are planted D. will be planted()29. A new English play there next week.A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on

20、 D. will be putted on()30. A strange thing in our school yesterday.A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen()31. The glass. It by little Tom this morning.A. broke, is brokenB. is broken, was brokenC. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空.(請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和

21、語態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢)s said(據(jù)說)that the long bridge (build ) in two months.to have the meeting (discuss ) now.language the most widely (speak) in the worldlost boy (not find ) so far .year a large number of trees (cut) down.6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits(sell) in this shop.7 What knives (make) of ?8. They(make)

22、of metal( 金屆)and wood.9. Can the magazine(take) out of the library?10. The room(clean) by me every day.11. The stars can t(see) in the daytime.12. How long your uncle(be) in the city?13. The food(smell) delicious.14. Look! Someone(dance).三、按要求改寫以下句子,一空一詞.grows in South China.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)).2. The children will