外研版英語高二年級(jí)必修五重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理

1、高二必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理Module 1 British and American English重點(diǎn)詞匯：accent , obvious, queue, confusing, compare, variety, remark, variationsteadily, switch, satellite, structure,重點(diǎn)短語1. have in common 有共同點(diǎn)2. make a difference有影響； 使不同3. get around 四處走走4. compare with/to 和比較5. differ from 與不同6. be similar to與.不同7. hav

2、e difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困難8. lead to 導(dǎo)致9. have sth. in common 與某人興趣、想法相同長難句解析1. This non-stop communication , the experts think , has madeit easier forBritish people and Americans to understand each other.專家認(rèn)為,這種不間斷的交流使英美人之間的相互理解變得更容易.當(dāng)不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句在復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)中作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)如 mak0 find , see, hear等,為保持句子平

3、衡,常用it 作形式賓 語,而將真正的賓語放在句尾.其結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+ it + 形容詞/名詞/代詞+不定式/動(dòng)名詞/從句.it后面的形容詞或名詞 作賓補(bǔ).2. When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences.當(dāng)著名的愛爾蘭作家蕭伯納說出“英國和美國是

4、被一種常見的語言分 割開來的兩個(gè)國家 一番話時(shí),很明顯他考慮了兩者之間的差異.that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a commorlanguage是同位語從句,用來說明前面的名詞 remark的 內(nèi)容.語法通關(guān)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1 .表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與usually , always , sometimes , often , frequently , every day/week/year/morning.on Sunday等時(shí)間狀語連用.二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)2 .表示現(xiàn)在說話瞬間正

5、在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.3 .表示說話人現(xiàn)在對(duì)主語的行為表贊嘆或厭惡等4 .表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.說話時(shí)動(dòng)作不一定正在進(jìn)行三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1 .表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.2 .表示過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).可以和表示從過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在包括“現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語連用 四、一般將來時(shí)表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與 soon , tomorrowmorning. , next week/year. , someday, from nowon, the day after tomorrow , in the future等表

6、示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用.Module 2 A Job Worth Doing重點(diǎn)詞匯：satisfying, stressful, volunteer, respect, direct, encounter, profound, qualified重點(diǎn)短語1. in particular 尤其;特別2. on average 平均3. come off掉離；脫離4. in theory 理論上；從理論上講5. in practice 實(shí)際上6. have an effect on 對(duì)產(chǎn)生影響7. take up從事；占據(jù)時(shí)間、空間8. pass by 路過；經(jīng)過9. take for grant

7、ed 認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然長難句解析1. Every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand.每天早晨,他手里都拿著一個(gè)大圓板爬上彎道.此句中的 with a large circular board in his hand是 with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的一種形式：with +賓語+介詞短語,在句中作狀語,表狀態(tài).除介詞短語作賓補(bǔ)外,還可以用形容詞,副詞,過去分詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,動(dòng)詞不定式.2. He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off t

8、he road at a bend and fell three hundred meters down the mountain. 當(dāng)他正開著裝滿香蕉的卡車要駛過一個(gè)彎道的時(shí)候,他連人帶車翻到了 300多米深的山崖下.本句中的when為并列連詞,表示就在那時(shí)的意思,相當(dāng)于and at that time , be doing.when. 的意思為“正在這時(shí).3. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school , most of whom were from Germany

9、.他們告訴我這所學(xué)校里有50名外國學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢語,大多數(shù)來自德國. 本句中someof which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句,是介詞+ “關(guān)系 代詞結(jié)構(gòu),表示“人,關(guān)系代詞用 whom表示“物,關(guān)系代詞 用which.在這種情況下,不能使用人稱代詞.語法通關(guān)一般過去時(shí)1 .表示在確定的過去時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).2 .表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作3 .描述幾個(gè)相繼發(fā)生的過去動(dòng)作4 .有時(shí)動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)形式上為過去,而實(shí)際上卻指現(xiàn)在,即“原來想的與現(xiàn)在的實(shí)際情況不相符.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1 .表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.2 .表示過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.3 .表示從過去某一時(shí)間的角度看將要

10、發(fā)生的4 .表示禮貌,并不表示過去的時(shí)間,而表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的客氣或禮貌.三、過去完成時(shí)1 .表示在過去某一具體時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,常用 by , before等介詞短語或狀語從句表示.2 .表示過去某一時(shí)間以前的經(jīng)歷,常與 for , since引導(dǎo)的表示過 去的時(shí)間狀語連用.Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema重點(diǎn)詞匯：Biography, fantasy, account, companion, lie, panic, curious,tie, frightterrified, adventure, thriller, horr

11、or重點(diǎn)短語1. have no connection 與. 無關(guān)2. run away 逃跑3. ahead of在.前面；提前4. pour down傾盆而下5. to one ' s surprise 使某人驚奇的是6. be curious about 對(duì)感到好奇7. have enough of聽夠、看夠、吃夠、受夠8. die of fright 驚嚇而死9. run into 偶然遇到10. in a panic 驚恐的長難句解析1. But I persuaded him to help me and we found the med s boat tied to th

12、e other side of the steamboat.但我還是說服他幫我,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那兩人的船就緊貼在汽艇的另一邊.本句中的 tied to the other side of the steamboat為過去分詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語,和賓語the men' s boat之間存在邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系. 動(dòng)詞不定式、形式和過去分詞都可以用作賓語補(bǔ)足語.2. He arrived in NewOrleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.他身無分文地到達(dá)新奧

13、爾良時(shí),卻發(fā)現(xiàn)那里沒有開往南美洲的船了.本句中的 only to find that there were no boats for South America為動(dòng)詞不定式短語作結(jié)果狀語.表示“意外的,意想不到的的結(jié)果, 而作狀語,表示“自然而然的結(jié)果.不定式常用作目的狀語,相當(dāng) 于in order to do形式的用法.語法通關(guān)一、非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式.它們不能在句中充當(dāng)謂語,可充 當(dāng)其他語法功能,可以起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用,在句子中充當(dāng) 主語、賓語、表語、定語、補(bǔ)語和狀語.1 .非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語2 .非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語3 .非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語4 .非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語、

14、主語補(bǔ)足語5 .非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語6 .非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語Module 4 Carnival重點(diǎn)詞匯：confusion, extend, revive, elegant, magic, memory, pretend,wandercalendar, atmosphere, abolish重點(diǎn)短語1. come to an end 完結(jié)2. dress up裝扮；化裝3. have fun玩的愉快4. on end連續(xù)的5. date back to 追溯到6. in secret 秘密的7. in memory of 為了紀(jì)念.8. pass on 傳遞9. come off 脫落長難句解析1.

15、 As time goes on , it ' s getting warmer and warmer.隨著時(shí)間的推移,天氣變得越來越暖和了.句中as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,表示“隨著的意思,表示主句和從句 的謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生.該狀語從句也可以用 with time passing 替換.2. .they painted their faces white , imitating their masters and making fun of them.他們把臉涂白,模仿他們的主人來取笑他們.本句中 imitating their masters and making fun of t

16、hem為 v.-ing形式做伴隨狀語.伴隨狀語的動(dòng)作一般和謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā) 生.語法通關(guān)英語的及物動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài).主動(dòng)語態(tài)中主語是謂語動(dòng)詞的執(zhí)行者；被動(dòng)語態(tài)中主語是謂語動(dòng)詞的承受者.被動(dòng)語態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成.助動(dòng)詞be隨主語有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)變化.Module 5 The Great Sports Personality重點(diǎn)詞匯：athletics, bat, track, trainer, retire, perform, brand, advantage, designergymnast重點(diǎn)短語1. do athletics做田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)2. as well

17、 as 除之外又3. make a list of 列清單4. be determined to do下定決心做某事5. come onto the market 商品上市,商品開始出售6. on the increase 正在增力口7. have an advantage over 比有優(yōu)勢(shì)8. every ten seconds 每十秒鐘9. make mone哪錢10. achieve an ambition 實(shí)現(xiàn)志愿長難句解析1. But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport , Li

18、 Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.但即使是他已經(jīng)贏得了在自己運(yùn)開工程上所能贏得的一切,李寧還是帶著一種失敗的感覺退了役.even though/even if可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為“縱使；即使也,可以放在句首,也可以放在句中或句末.引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中, 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來.2. But it was this sense of failure that made him determinedto succeed in his new life.但就是這種失敗感使他決心在他的新的生活中取得成功.本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,是對(duì)主語this

19、 sense of failure 的強(qiáng)調(diào).其常見 句式為：it is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+ that/who +其余局部.3. Whenever Chinese athletes step out onto the track during the 2021 Olympics , they will be wearing Li Ning tracksuits.2021年奧運(yùn)會(huì)時(shí),中國運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)將身穿李寧牌運(yùn)動(dòng)服步入奧運(yùn)會(huì)會(huì)場(chǎng).whenever用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句.表示“無論何時(shí)的意思,相當(dāng)于no matter when whenever還可以表示“的時(shí)候；每次和“究竟何時(shí)的意思.when用來引

20、導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,表示“當(dāng) 時(shí)候或引導(dǎo)定語從句,在從句中作時(shí)間狀語.而whenever, “無論何時(shí)引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句.語法通關(guān)狀語從句一、 時(shí)間狀語從句二、條件狀語從句三、讓步狀語從句四、地點(diǎn)狀語從句五、原因狀語從句六、結(jié)果狀語從句七、目的狀語從句八、方式狀語從句九、比較狀語從句Module 6 Animals in Danger重點(diǎn)詞匯：endanger, reserve, habitat, extinct, struggle, protect, worth, ideal, confiscate, condition重點(diǎn)短語1. thanks to 由于；幸虧2. according to

21、 根據(jù)3. give one ' s life to 為獻(xiàn)身4. on the spot 在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)5. come into fashion開始流行起來6. raid on a ship突擊搜查一家商7. get tough with 對(duì)采取強(qiáng)硬舉措8. on condition that 在條件下9. be worth doing 值得做某事10. in the meanwhile 同時(shí)長難句解析1. Although surprised , the poachers had an advantage there were more of them.盡管偷獵者們很吃驚,但他們占有優(yōu)勢(shì)一一他們?nèi)硕?although surprised 是狀語從句 although they were surprised 的省 略形式.2. International co - operation seems to be working.國際合作似乎正在進(jìn)行.本句話為seem跟動(dòng)詞不定式形式作賓語,在使用時(shí),要注意動(dòng)詞不 定式的時(shí)態(tài).一般式to do 一般動(dòng)作,和謂語同時(shí)發(fā)生；進(jìn)行式to be doing 謂 語發(fā)生時(shí)該動(dòng)作正