專題一非謂語動詞和獨立主格結(jié)構習題

1、專題一非謂語動詞和獨立主格結(jié)構習題【典例精析】1. _that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed.A.Seeing B. To see C. See D. See n【解題】A非謂語動詞see構成的短語與句子的主語I即其邏輯主語之間是主動 關系，用在句首,中間與句子用逗號分開，表示伴隨情況，用作伴隨狀語，因此用現(xiàn)在 分詞。2.I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good_ .A. to b

2、e breathed B. to breatheC. breathing D. being breathed【解題】B在主系表結(jié)構中，當表語形容詞為good, light, heavy, difficult等時，其后常用不定式作狀語，表示時間，原因，結(jié)果等,且常用主動形式表示被動意義，因 此選B。此處為特殊情況。3.-Did the book give the information you needed?Yes. But _ it, I had to read the entire book.A. to find B. findC.to be finding D. finding【解題】A非

3、謂語動詞短語與主句之間用逗號隔開，作狀語。根據(jù)句意：為了找到 需要的信息，我不得不看完整本書的內(nèi)容，表示目的。不定式常在句首作目的狀語，且此處不表示動作正在進行，因此用一般式,選A。 Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it .A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD.to be reused【解析】D考查動詞不定時的用法。句意為：現(xiàn)在人們有時把他們的廢物分開， 以便很容易被重復利用。重新再利用是指將來發(fā)生的動作，而且是被動的。故選D。5. _the right kind o

4、f training , these teenage soccer players may oneday grew the intern ati onal stars.A. Givi ngB. Havi ng give nC. To give D. Give n【解析】D考查非謂語動詞。 如果把句子補充完整就不難看出：If they are give n the rightkind of training ,可知主語they即these teenager soccer players與g ive之間是被動的關系，所以用過去分詞。根據(jù)主、從句主語一致可省略從句主 語的原則，連詞if也可省，所以得

5、出given the right kind of training , these te en ager soccer players6. The government plans to bring in new lawsonsibility for the education of their children.A. forcedB. forci ngC. to be forced D. hav ing forced【解析】B考查非謂語動詞的用法?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾new laws ,相當于which forces.7. The children all turned_the fa

6、mous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked atB. to look at C. to looking at D. look at【解析】B。句意為：當那位著名的女演員走進了教室，所有的孩子都轉(zhuǎn)過頭去 看她。turn to表示“轉(zhuǎn)向，求助”的意思。8. Now that weve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisionsparents to take more res pA. taki ngB. takeC. take nD. to take【解析】Co考查w

7、ith +賓語+賓語補足語的用法。句意為：現(xiàn)在,我們已經(jīng)討論 了問題，是人們最滿意的決定？take與the decisions之間存在的關系是動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動9. We are invited to a party _ in our club next Friday.A. to be held B. heldC. being held D. holding【解析】A考查非謂語動詞的用法，由next month可知時間是在將來，party是 被舉行，故選A 010.I still remember to the Famen Templeandwhat I saw there.A.

8、to take B. to be taken C. takingD. being taken【解析】D考查非謂語動詞。此處非謂語動詞做remember的賓語，而remember后用非謂語動詞做賓語時，可以用v-ing形式，v-ing表示的動作已經(jīng)完成，也可 用動詞不定式，表示的動作還未發(fā)生，根據(jù)后文的saw可知此處非謂語動詞動作 已經(jīng)完成，且與邏輯主語是被動關系，用v-ing的被動式，選D。11. _ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. Remindingd【解析】

9、B考查非謂語動詞。 非謂語動詞做狀語， 邏輯主語是句子的主語an age，非謂語動詞與句子主語是被動關系，且其表示的動作在謂語動詞 之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生，非謂語動詞用過去分詞，選Bo12.In Ap ril, 2009, P reside nt Hu insp ected the warsh ips in Qin gdao,anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A. markingB. markedC. having marked D. being marked【解析】A考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，其后有賓語，故與邏輯主語是 主動關系，且表示的動

10、作與謂語動詞的動作同時進行，用現(xiàn)在分詞，選A。13. Whe n hethe door, he found his keys were no where.A. would openB. openedC. had opened D. was to open【解析】D考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定時的用法。句意為：當他要打開門的時候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的鑰匙不見了。動詞不定時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。14. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker,n and_ what to do about his future.A. living; wonderingC. lived; wonder

11、ed【解析】A考查分詞的用法。句意為：29歲的大衛(wèi)，是一個工人,住在一間小公寓 在波士頓附近，不知怎么辦關于他的未來?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾a worker，and為 并列連詞，連接相同的成份?！緦ｎ}突破】依據(jù)非謂語動詞各個不同類型的考查方式和特點?？梢圆捎梅侵^語動詞和獨立主格結(jié)構的“五步驟”做題法；即非謂語動詞的“五步驟”做題法：1.牢記核心意義；2.分析句子成分；3.尋找邏輯主語；4.了解時間關系；5.分析特 殊情況。獨立主格結(jié)構的“五步驟”：1.認識獨立主格結(jié)構，建立獨立主格結(jié)構 概念；2.認清獨立主格結(jié)構的來源，理解獨立主格結(jié)構的功能；3.從邏輯主語的 不同認識分詞和獨立主格結(jié)構作狀語的區(qū)

12、別；4.B. Rem in dedC. To remi ndD. Havingremindethe mset outthe 60thin a small ap artme nt n ear BostoB. lived; won deri ngD.living; wondered全面掌握獨立主格結(jié)構的功能；5.熟悉獨立主格結(jié)構的不同類型，全面掌握獨立主格結(jié)構。當然并非每道題都要 全面考慮以上五步驟有時只需通過一兩個步驟即可得到答案。我相信，只要同 學們在訓練中嚴格按照這種思路去分析，就可以練就一雙火眼金睛，那么,再難的 考查非謂語動詞和獨立主格結(jié)構的試題都是可以快速得到答案的。1. I donk

13、now whether you happen_ it, but Ingoing to study in the U.S.A. this Sep tember.A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard2. _ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped_the beautiful scenery.Tiring; to admireTired; to admireDon tleave the waterrunB. runningHe

14、looked around and caught a manasse nger.put B. to be put C. to put D. putting_ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.Having stolen B. Having been stolen C. StolenD. StealingTo answer correctly is more important than_ .that you finish quicklyB. finishing quicklyto finish quicklyD. finish

15、 quicklyYou willsee thisproductmade inthisfactory_ wherever you go.C.advertise D. advertis ingB. to have been discoveredD. hav ing bee n discoveredA.C.3.A.4.B. Being tired; admiri ngD. Tired; admiring while you brush your teeth. C. beingrun D. to run his hand into the pocket of a pA.5.A.6.A.C.7.A. t

16、o be advertised B. advertised8. The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed the river.A. to have discoveredC. to discover9. - Have you con sidered_ your job as a teacher?14. The speech_ a lively discussion started.A.be ing deliveredB. was delivered- Yes. I like the job because a

17、 teacher is often consideredr.A. to change; to be B. to change; being C. changing; being D. changing; to be10. Mr. Gree n is said_ an exp erime nt to prove the new method of solving the p roblem whe n young.A. to do11. Seei ng thesatisfacti on.A. preparea garde neB. to have done C. to be doingD. to

18、have been doingsoldiers well _ for the flood-fight, the general nodded withB. preparingD. hav ing prep ared _behind his back。C. to be tied D. tiedC. prep ared12.The murder was brought in, with his handsA. being tied B. having tied13.Weather_ , well go out for a walk.A. permitted B permittingC p ermi

19、tsD for permittingC.be deliveredD. hav ing bee n delivered15. _, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapi diy tha n a man whose comma nd of Ian guage is poor.A.Other things being equalB.Were other things equalC.To be equal to other things D.Other things to be equal16. AII

20、 things_, the planned trip will have to be called off.A.c on sideredB.be con sideredC.con sideri ngD.hav ing con sidered參考答案：1.【解析】D happen to have done sth為不定式的完成時，表示一個已經(jīng)完成了 的動作，強調(diào)對于現(xiàn)在的影響.2.【解析】C tired and out of breath為“形容詞和介詞短語”在句中作狀語。stop to do sth.停下來去做另外一件事3.【解析】B非謂語動詞作賓語補足語時，選項A、D表示將來可能發(fā)生的動作；

21、 B表示賓語持續(xù)性動作,根據(jù)句意選B,表示水不停地流出。4.【解析】D catch sb doing sth表示發(fā)覺或當場捉住sb在做一件事情。5.【解析】A從動作發(fā)生的時間來看，應是先偷鉆石，再找地方藏匿，故用-ing形式的完成式。6.【解析】C題意為“正確做出答案要比快速完成更重要”。兩個非謂語動詞短 語在形式上應保持一致。7.【解析】B advertise意為“為.登廣告”。made in this factory作定語修飾p roduct; advertised作賓語補足語。8.【解析】A用不定式的完成式表示動作發(fā)生在（定語）從句謂語動作之前。9.【解析】D consider作“考慮”

22、解時，后常接-ing形式（短語）作賓語；作“認 為”解時，后常接含有名詞、形容詞或to be的復合結(jié)構。10【解析】B由when you ng可知此處應該用不定式的完成式，表示此動作發(fā)生 在謂語動作之前。11.【解析】C由固定短語be （well） prepared for可知此處應用過去分詞作賓補。12. 【解析】D. with +名詞（代詞）+分詞+介詞短語結(jié)構。當分詞表示伴隨狀況時，其主語常常用with來引導。由于本句中名詞”手與分詞”綁是被動關系，因此用過去分詞，選D.13.【解析】B.本題中沒有連詞，它不是復合句，也不是并列句。句中使用了逗號，且we小寫，可知其不是兩個簡單句。能夠這

23、樣使用的只有獨立主格或with的復合結(jié)構。據(jù)此判斷，本句中使用的是獨立結(jié)構，其結(jié)構為：名詞+分詞。由于Permit在這里翻譯為天氣允許，表主動，應用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選B。如果不會判斷獨立結(jié)構作狀語的形式，不妨將句子改為條件句，例如本句改為If weather permits, well go out for a walk.然后將if去掉，再將謂語動詞改為非謂語動詞即可。14.【解析】D句意：演講完后，開始了熱烈的討論。把握前后主語不一致，動 作發(fā)生在之前，故選答案為D.15.【解析】A句意：在其它條件相同的情況下，表達好的人肯定要比語言能力差的人更快地取得成功，前后的主語不一致，故選答案A.16.

24、【解析】A考慮了方方面面之后，原來計劃好的旅行不得不取消了，前后主語不一致，故答案為A?！緦W法導航】非謂語動詞內(nèi)容繁多，用法復雜，是學生們在英語學習過程中的最大 難點，也是高考中的必考項目。獨立主格結(jié)構相對來說考查較少，但經(jīng)常放在with復合結(jié)構中考查；同學們要想掌握他們的用法，輕松備戰(zhàn)高考，快速準確地解題，不妨牢記非謂語動詞和獨立主格結(jié)構基本、特殊用法以及解題“五步驟”，具體 內(nèi)容如下：一. 非謂語動詞“五步驟”1.牢記核心意義。不定式表將來或能夠，動詞ing形式表主動或進行，過去分詞表被 動或完成。2.分析句子成分。非謂語動詞在句中可充當主語、賓語、定語、表語、補語以及 狀語。3.尋找邏輯

25、主語，把握， 前后主語一致性和主被動關系。 非謂語動詞雖然在語法上 沒有主語,但它仍表示的是動作，因此在意義上會有一個動作的發(fā)出者，這個發(fā)出 者就是它的邏輯主語。作主語補足語，表語和狀語時,邏輯主語為句子的主語；作賓 語補足語，邏輯主語為賓語；作定語,邏輯主語是所修飾的先行詞；復合結(jié)構自帶邏 輯主語。如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語的是主動關系，用現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式的主 動式，如果是被動關系，則用過去分詞或不定式的被動式，如果表被動進行，則用現(xiàn) 在分詞的被動式或不定式的被動進行式。4.了解時間關系。如果非謂語動詞與句子的謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生，用一般式;如果發(fā)生在之前，則用完成式,如果強調(diào)正在進

26、行，則用進行時；如果動作在將 來發(fā)生，則用不定式。5.分析特殊情況。主要是指一些習慣用法，固定搭配等。二. 獨立主格結(jié)構的“五步驟”1.認識獨立主格結(jié)構，建立獨立主格結(jié)構概念。最初的獨立主格結(jié)構就是帶邏輯主語的分詞結(jié)構，它的作用相當于狀語。2.認清獨立主格結(jié)構的來源，理解獨立主格結(jié)構的功能。我們清楚地看出獨立主格結(jié)構作狀語和分詞作狀語一樣來源于狀語從句。3.從邏輯主語的不同認識分詞和獨立主格結(jié)構作狀語的區(qū)別。 分詞作狀語和獨立主格結(jié)構作狀語的區(qū)別就在于邏輯主語的不同， 主語，獨立主格結(jié)構的邏輯主語就是分詞前邊的名詞或代詞。4全面掌握獨立主格結(jié)構的功能。要將復合句或并列句改成簡單句時，應注意：要

27、根據(jù)分詞和獨立主格結(jié)構作狀語時邏輯主 語的不同情況改寫句子，當復合句或并列句的主語一致時，適合改成分詞作狀語； 當復合句或并列句的主語不一致時，適合改成獨立主格結(jié)構作狀語。5.熟悉獨立主格結(jié)構的不同類型，全面掌握獨立主格結(jié)構。有時將并列句或復合句改成簡單句時，應注意：原句中含有be動詞時，一律改成being形式，being后面為非名詞時being可忽略。獨立主格結(jié)構除了分詞式獨立主格結(jié)構之外，還有介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式 式獨立主格結(jié)構，即帶邏輯主語的介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式結(jié)構，可用作伴 隨狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語或時間狀語。【專題綜合】1. _ their hats into the

28、air, the fans of the winning team letout loud shouts of victory. A. Tothrow B. Throw n2._ in the fields on ang.A. To walk B. Walki ng3.I hear theyve pro moted Tom,but he did nt men tio n分詞的邏輯主語為主句的C. Throw ingMarch after noon.D. Being throwinghe could feel the warmth of spriC. WalkedD. Havi ng walke

29、dwhe n we talkedon the phone.A. to promoteB. having been promotedC. having promotedD. to be promoted4. The message is very important, so it is supposed_ as soon as possible.A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending5. _ around the Water Cube, we wre then taken to see the Birds Nest forthe 200

30、8 Olympic Games.A.Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. to show6. We hadA. wait7.A.8.A.9._ toFailan an xious couple of weeks_ for the results of the exp erime ntB. to be waiting C. waited D. waiting reach them on the phone, we sent an emailin stead.B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed

31、It is one of the funniest things_on the Internet so far this year.finding B. being found C. to find D. found_ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddeniy realized he had left the cheque in the car.A. WaitingB.To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited10.Can those_at the back of the classroom hear me?No problem.B. sit C. seated D. satbusy writing a story, only _ once in a while to smoke a cigaretA. seat11.He waste.A. to stop