人教版八年級上英語講義_Unit8與練習(xí)

1、八年級上英語講義Unit 8How do you make a banana milk shake?學(xué)生姓名就讀學(xué)校時 間本章的知識清單知識框架表知識點重要性級別U 8重點句型How do you make a banana milk shake? How many bananas do we need?-We need three bananas How much yogurt do we need?/g nGGrl cr>G ci in cf x/cciirtv veneedonecupofyoguiL.Turn on the blender.Cut up the bananas.P

2、our the milk into the blender.Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.語法可數(shù)名詞和/、可數(shù)名詞的用法祈使句的用法Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?短語集萃1. turn on 打開2. cut up 切碎3. milk shake 奶昔4. pour into 把倒進(jìn)里5. fruit salad 水果沙拉6. put into 把放進(jìn)里7. a piece of 一片8. fill with用 裝滿 9. cover with 用覆蓋10. serve sth. t

3、o sb.把某物端給某人11. one by one 一個接一個12. a cup of 一杯13. how many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 多少14. how much+不可數(shù)名詞 多少15. mix up 混合在一起16. addto把加到上17. reason for 的理由18. another ten minutes 再過 10 分鐘單元語法（一）祈使句祈使句是用來表示請求、命令、勸告、警告或禁止等語氣的句子。祈使句的主語一般為第二人稱，通常省略，謂 語動詞用動詞原形。祈使句的句末通常用句號或感嘆號。（一）祈使句的四種句式：1. Let型：Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他.Let him com

4、e here.讓他來這兒。2. Do型：行為動詞原形+賓語+其他.Cut up these bananas.把這些香蕉切碎。3. Be型：Be+表語（名詞、形容詞等）+其他.Be quiet.保持安靜。4. No+動名詞/名詞.No smoking!禁止吸煙！No photos!禁止拍照！注意：為了使祈使句的語氣更委婉，常在句首或句尾加上pleaseoSit down, please.請坐。經(jīng)典例題s a school ahead.D. Drivings very dangeroOK, thank you.D. can ' t例 1.carefully, Michael! ThereA

5、. DriveB. To driveC. Drove答案：A例 2. -Jim,read books while you are walking in the street. ItA. don ' tB. doesn ' tC. won ' t答案：A（二）可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞1 .英語中個體名詞是可數(shù)名詞，它們所表示的人或物可以用數(shù)來計量。例如：banana, apple, watermelon, tomato等。物質(zhì)名詞一般是不可數(shù)名詞，它們所表示的事物不能用數(shù)來計量。例如：milk, yogurt, honey, bread等。2 .可數(shù)名詞有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不可數(shù)名詞

6、沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。3 .可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前面可用不定冠詞a/ an；不可數(shù)名詞前不能用a/ an。Would you like an apple? 你想要一個蘋果嗎？I like milk.我喜歡牛奶。4 .可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可以用a few, few, many等修飾；不可數(shù)名詞則可以用a little, little, much等修飾。many books 許多書a little water 一點兒水5 .可數(shù)名詞的計數(shù)可以直接用數(shù)詞表示；不可數(shù)名詞的計數(shù)要使用量詞來表示。three oranges 三個橘子a cup of tea 一杯茶6 .有些詞既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。lots of

7、= a lot of許多，大量；some一些，用于肯定句；any一些，用于否定句或疑問句。例 3. -What can I do for you?-Er, I want a glass of milk, some bread and.A. some chickensB. any chickensC. some chicken答案：C例 4. I ' m going to the supermarket to buy some this afternoon.A. paper and pencilB. apples and banana C. milk and eggsD. bowl an

8、d spoons答案：C（三）how many 與 how much1. how many常用來提問可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+一般疑問句？A. MakeB. To makeC. MakingD. MakesHow many tomatoes do you need? 你需要多少西紅柿?2. how much常用來提問不可數(shù)名詞的量。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:How much+不可數(shù)名詞+一般疑問句？How much milk do you need? 你需要多少牛奶?拓展：how much還可以用來提問價格，其結(jié)構(gòu)為:How much+ be+ sth.?How much are

9、these bananas?這些香蕉多少錢?例 5.-people are there in your family?Three.A. How oftenB. How longC. How manyD. How much答案：C語法專練與中考對接語法專練單項選擇1.-yogurt do you want?-Three spoons.A. How manyB. How muchC. How oftenD. What2.A. How manyB. How muchC. How oftenD. What3. Let ' sfruit salad.A. makesB. to makeC. ma

10、kingD. make4. - Can I help you, sir?-Yes. I ' d like fiveand some peOsf ）.A. tomatoesB. potatoC. meatD.banana5. Don ' tto say“Thank you.”when someone helps you.6.A. forgetsB. forgetC. forgotD. forgettingfruit salad, please.apples does she have? - Four.名校金題1. I was so busy with my school work

11、 that I had time to play with my friends in those days.A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a fewA. How longB. How oftenC. How muchD. How many答案：A2. I walked a long way., I got there.A. NextB. FirstC. ThenD. Finally答案：D3. We all know that good friends happiness to life.A.added答案：DB.addsC. addingD. add4. Jac

12、kthe microwave oven and warmed the milk.A. turned onB. turned offC. turned upD. turned down答案：A5. Time is not enough for so much work.are needed, I think.A. More three persons答案：BB. Three more personsC. Three another persons D. Another three person中考真題1 . People usually like the TV channels with fun

13、nier programmes but advertisements.A. few答案：CB. littleC. fewerD. less2 .wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep.A. Don ' t答案：AB. Doesn tC. Aren ' tD. Can ' t3. -What kind of porridge would you like, Alice?A. egg porridgeB. eggs porridge答案：AI would likeC. fish porridgesD. fishes

14、porridge-Let me think We need three apples.4. -apples do we need to make fruit salad?答案：D5. -Would you like to have apples? - No, thank you. I ' ve had enough.A. other twoB. another twoC. more twoD. two others答案：BSection A考點 Turn on the blender.打開攪拌器。turn on意為“打開”，其反義詞組是turn off ,意為“關(guān)上”。它們是由“動詞+

15、副詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞，賓語是 代詞時，代詞應(yīng)放在動詞與副詞中間；賓語是名詞時，名詞既可放在副詞后面也可放在動詞與副詞中間。Please don ' t turn on the blender不要打開攪拌器。I want to watch TV. Please turn it on.我想看電視。請打開它?？键cCut up the bananas.切碎香蕉。cut up意為"切碎"，同義短語為 cut into piecesoMy mother usually cuts up meat before she makes dumplings. 我媽媽包水餃前通常先把肉切碎

16、。Cut up the apples for me. = Cut the apples into pieces for me. 把蘋果給我切成塊。注意：cut up是一個“動詞+副詞”類型的短語。當(dāng)名詞作賓語時，名詞既可放在副詞后面，也可放在動詞與副詞中間；當(dāng)代詞作賓語時，則要放在動詞與副詞中間?？键c Pour the milk into the blender.把牛奶倒入攪拌器。pour此處用作及物動詞，意為“倒出；傾倒” 。pourinto意為“把倒進(jìn)里”。He poured some water into the cup.他往杯子里倒了些水。Don' t pour dirty w

17、ater into the river.不要往河里倒臟水。拓展：pour后還可接雙賓語。pour sb. sth.= pour sth. for sb.意為“給某人倒某物”。Could I pour you a cup of tea? = Could I pour a cup of tea for you? 我可以給你倒杯茶嗎？考點 Next, put the beef, carrots and potatoes into a pot and add some water.接下來， 把牛肉、胡蘿卜和土豆放進(jìn)鍋里，加些水。(1) putinto意為"把放到里"，其中into是

18、表示動態(tài)的介詞。He put all the apples into the box.他把所有的蘋果放到了箱子里。拓展：put的相關(guān)短語：putin 把放進(jìn)里puton 把放到上(2) add在此處作及物動詞，意為“增加；添加” 。The fire is going out. Will you add some wood? 火要滅了，你添點兒木頭好嗎？Add 5 to 3 and you have 8.3 力口 5 等于 8.拓展：add的相關(guān)短語：addto 把加進(jìn)里 add to增加(其賓語多為困難、歡樂等抽象名詞)考點 No, one more thing. 不，還有一件事。more形容

19、詞，意為"又；再"，與another同義。He wants to have two more apples.他想再吃兩個蘋果。拓展： 數(shù)詞+more+名詞=another+數(shù)詞+名詞two more days= another two days 另夕卜兩天考點 Finally, don ' t forget to add some salft 后,不要忘了加些鹽。finally用作副詞，意為“最后；最終”，其近義詞組是 at last或in the end。Finally, they thought of a good idea.最終，他們想出了一個好主意。拓展：f

20、inally常與first, next及then一起使用，用來描述做某事的過程或步驟，使敘述更具邏輯性，意為“首先，接著，然后，最后”。Section B考點 First, put some butter on a piece of bread. 首先，把一些黃油抹在一片面包上。piece用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“片；塊；段” ，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為pieces。a piece of意為“一片/張/條/首”，常與不可數(shù)名詞連用，用來表達(dá)量。“two/threepieces of+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Two pieces of bread are enough. 兩片面包足夠了?？键cNe

21、xt, fill the turkey with this bread mix. 接下來，用這些面包混合物填滿火雞。fill此處用作及物動詞，意為“（使）充滿；裝滿”，其反義詞為empty （倒空）o fillwith意為“用裝滿”， 表示動作。Fill the box with apples.把箱子里裝滿蘋果。 He filled his schoolbag with books.他把書包里裝滿了書。拓展：be filled with意為“充滿；裝滿”，相當(dāng)于be full of ,主語多為容器之類的東西，with或of后接所要裝的東西。 The glass is filled with w

22、ater. = The glass is full of water.杯子里裝滿了水。考,點 When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.當(dāng)一切就緒，把火雞放置在一個大盤子上，澆上肉汁。cover在此處為及物動詞，意為“遮蓋;覆蓋"。coverwith 意為"用蓋上"。be covered with意為“被覆蓋”。Don' t cover your face with the book.不要用書蓋著彳的臉。 The ground is covered

23、 with snow.地上被雪覆蓋。拓展：cover還可用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“覆蓋物；蓋子” ?？键c serve it to your friends with some vegetables.和些蔬菜道端給你的朋友。serve在此處為及物動詞，意為“接待；服務(wù)；提供” ，其后可接名詞、代詞作賓語，也可接雙賓語。serve sb. sth.=serve sth. to sb."為某人提供某物，為某人端上某物”。The waiter served us tea. = The waiter served tea to us. 服務(wù)生給我們端上了茶。拓展：serve的名詞形式service意

24、為“服務(wù)；接待”。The service in your shop is very good. 你的商店的服務(wù)很好?？键c Now, it ' s time to enjoy the rice noodles!®在，是享用米線的時候了！It ' s time （for sb.） to do sthil為“是做某事的時候了”。It ' s time to get u能起床的時候了。It ' s time for us to have a rest. 我們休息的時間了。拓展：It ' s time for sthW為"是的時候了”，for是

25、介詞，后跟名詞或代詞。It ' s time for lunch.1 吃午餐的時間了。知識梳理I.根據(jù)漢語意思寫出下列單詞1 .搖動；抖動2 .倒出；傾倒 3 .勺;調(diào)羹4 .食鹽II.根據(jù)漢語意思寫出下列短語1 .奶昔2 .接通，打開3 .切碎考點闖關(guān)I.根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞Section A5 .食糖6 .玉米；谷物 7 .掘（地）；鑿（洞）；挖（土）8 .洞；孔；坑9 .把倒入10 挖個坑11 取出，拿出 答案：A1. A w is a kind of fruit. It is red inside and green outside.答案：watermelon2. A

26、blender is a useful m.答案：machine3. To make the milk sweeter, you can add some s.答案：sugar4. S the orange juice before you drink it.答案：Shake5. Jim, I ' m making soup. I need a s of salt.答案：spoonII.單項選擇1. It ' s dark in the room. Please the light.A. turn onB. turn upC. turn downD. turn off2. Li

27、ttle Tom needsto finish his work.A. one more hourB. one another hourC. more one hourD.one hour another答案：A3. Give me,please.A. three honeyB. three spoon of honeyC. three honeysD.three spoons of honey答案：D4.milk do we need?-One bottle.A. How manyB. How muchC. How oftenD.How long答案：B5. Here s a waterme

28、lon. PleaseA. cup up itB. cut it upC. cut up themD.cut them up答案：BIII.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. My brother needs two oranges.（對畫線部分提問orangesyour brother答案： How many; does; need2. They need two cups of yogurt.（對畫線部分提問）yogurtthey need?答案： How much; do3. There ' s some breOd的（一般疑問句）bread?答案：Is there any4. Pour the mi

29、lk into the blender.（改為否定句）pour the milk into the blender.答案：Don' t5. You must add eggs to the sandwich.（改為祈使句 ）the sandwich.答案：Add eggs toSection B6 .慶祝；慶賀7 .（使）混合;8 .遮蓋；覆蓋9 .接待；服務(wù);10 .溫度；氣溫;3 .混合在一起4 .的理由s birthday.融合 提供 體溫 3. I learn English by(ask) teachers for help.知識梳理i.根據(jù)漢語意思寫出下列單詞1 .傳統(tǒng)的；

30、慣例的 2 .漂泊者；旅行者 3 .（使）充滿；裝滿 4 .片；塊；段5 .秋天；秋季 II.根據(jù)漢語意思寫出下列短語1 .一片/塊2 .用裝滿考點闖關(guān)I .根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語提示完成單詞1. We will have a party to c Kelly答案：celebrated2. Every year many t come to our town on holiday.答案：travelers3. I ate two p of bread.答案：pieces4. (秋天)is coming. It will be cooler.5. I want to eat two（三明治）.I

31、I .用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Thanksgiving Day is a(tradition) festival in the United States.答案：traditional2. The old man(die) two years ago.答案：died答案：asking4. It s time（celebrate） his birthday.答案：to celebrate5. Can your mother make（tomato） and egg soup?答案：tomatoIII.單項選擇1. Hot soup is ready.your friends now.

32、A. Serve toB. Serve it toC. Serve to itD. Serve it for答案：B2. Don ' tthe blendertoo much yogurt.A. fill; withB. fill; ofC. full; withD. full; of答案：C3. Put the things in the bowl and,please.A. mix up itB. mix it upC. mix up themD. mix them up答案：C4. Theythe tables with clean white cloths.A. covered

33、B. tookC. servedD. celebrated答案：A5. - It ' s too hot today. Whats the - Maybe it ' s 35 C.A. resultB. weatherC. temperatureD. number答案：CIV.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. She needs a piece of bread.附畫線部分提問）breadshe need?2. There are two cups of tea on the table.（對畫線部分提問）cups of teaon the table?3. It ' s time for

34、 scho改為同義句）It ' s timeschool.4. The waiter served us hot tea.（改為同義句 ） The waiter5. The bottle is filled with water.（改為同義句）The bottlewater.第8單元過關(guān)檢測題I.單項選擇1. A. Make答案：B2. - The banana is too big.A. cut up them答案：C3. Do you like lettuceA. of答案：B4. -1 ' d like to eatA. a; a little答案：D5. - Let &

35、#39; s make fruit salad.A. No, I ' mnot答案：D6.A. potato noodle答案：C7. Finally, we found a wayA. make答案：C8. Look! Tom is filling the cupA. from答案：C9.the water into the bottle, please.B. Pour-You can first.B. cut them upsandwiches?B. inbread and bananas.B. a piece of; muchB. Thank you-What is your f

36、avorite food? -1 likeB. potatoes noodlea banana milk shake.B. madetea.B. forwine（酒），my children. You are students now.C. TakeC. cut it upC. at-Here you are.C. many; manyC. That ' s all rightbest. I had a large bowl last night.C. potato noodlesC. to makeC. withD. DrinkD. cut up itD. withD. a piece of; a fewD. That s a good ideaD. potatoes noodlesD. to makingD. atA. To drinkB. Not to d