第二周+冠詞（語法要點精析+高頻考點領(lǐng)悟+專題過關(guān)檢測）

1、第二周冠詞一、不定冠詞The “Chinese Dream” is a dream to improve people's well­being and a dream of harmony, peace and development.(2013·福建高考)“中國夢”是一個改善民生的夢，是一個和諧、和平發(fā)展的夢。He studied a law in his spare time and became a lawyer.他業(yè)余時間研究法律，成了一名律師。Excuse me, is there a Mr Tailor living in the neighborho

2、od？There is a parcel for him.Sorry, but there is no such person here.(2014·蕪湖質(zhì)檢)勞駕，這個居民點住著一位名叫Tailor的先生嗎？這里有他的包裹。對不起，這兒沒有這么一個人。He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump.(2012·全國卷)他在跳高比賽中沒有贏得金牌，但是，在跳遠(yuǎn)比賽中他還有一次(獲得金牌的)機(jī)會。In order to shape myself, I atte

3、nd Yoga classes twice a week.為了塑造自己的體型，我每周參加兩次瑜伽班。不定冠詞a/an的用法1單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前用不定冠詞a/an表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。2表示某種身份、職業(yè)、地位、國籍。3用在人名或時間名詞前表示不確定的某個人或某個時間；用在人名前還可表示與某人有類似性質(zhì)的人。4不定冠詞用在序數(shù)詞前不表示排序，而表示“再一，又一”。5表示單位時間內(nèi)的頻度，含有“每”的概念。二、定冠詞theDid you enjoy yourself yesterday?Yes, as you know, the party went on in a pleasant atmo

4、sphere.你昨天玩得開心嗎？是的，正如你所知，晚會是在愉快的氣氛中進(jìn)行的。I don't know who invented the iPhone, but I think it is a useful invention.(2014·山西部分重點高中高三聯(lián)考)我不知道是誰發(fā)明了iPhone，但是我認(rèn)為它是一個有用的發(fā)明。As is known to all, the People's Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.(2011·陜西高考)眾所周知，中華人民

5、共和國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家。Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.(2013·陜西高考)據(jù)說在十三世紀(jì)馬可·波羅去爪哇島途中曾航行經(jīng)過太平洋。It's said John will be in a job paying over $ 60,000 a year.Right, he will also get paid by the week.據(jù)說約翰將擁有一份年收入超過60 000美元的工作。是的，而且

6、會按周獲得報酬。定冠詞the的用法：1用在名詞前表示特指。2用在世界上獨一無二的人或物、自然現(xiàn)象、發(fā)明物之前。3用在序數(shù)詞和最高級前。4用于集合名詞、物質(zhì)名詞和專用名詞前。5用在表示計量的名詞前如by the hour, by the dozen等，但若名詞為抽象名詞則不加冠詞如by weight, by height等。三、零冠詞Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up a meat processing factory of his own one day.(2012·安徽高考)卡爾正在大學(xué)里學(xué)食品

7、科學(xué)，他希望將來有一天開一家自己的肉食品加工廠。Dr. Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us, a fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.(2011·四川高考)這所學(xué)校的校長Peter Spence博士告訴我們：“五分之一的學(xué)生將繼續(xù)到牛津或劍橋大學(xué)深造”。A year can be divided into four seasons spring, summer, autumn and winter.一年可以分為四季春、夏、秋、冬。Clever

8、 boy as he is, he can't solve such a difficult problem.盡管他是個聰明的孩子，但他無法解決這么難的問題。Everything comes with a price; there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.(2010·重慶高考)一切都是有代價的，因為天下沒有“免費的午餐”。Beyond the stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space.除了星星，宇航員只看見太空，看不到別的東西。零冠詞的用法1不可數(shù)名詞、復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛

9、指，用零冠詞。2稱呼語及表示獨一無二的頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞作表語或同位語時，不加冠詞。3月、季、星期、節(jié)假、洲前；三餐、球類、慣用語前；學(xué)科、棋類名詞前，用零冠詞。4as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，如果作表語的名詞置于句首，名詞前不用冠詞。5no與such連用時應(yīng)放在such之前，such后的名詞不用冠詞。6高考中常見的純不可數(shù)名詞，它們是：baggage, luggage, furniture, health, weather, fun, space(太空), advice, word( news), progress, information, news, luck, wealth(財

10、產(chǎn))等。以上不可數(shù)名詞永遠(yuǎn)不能與不定冠詞連用?？键c一 冠詞的特指與泛指1(2013·山東高考)It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky.A不填； aBa; theCthe; a Dthe; 不填解析：選B根據(jù)語意可知，第一空泛指“一個寒冷的冬夜”，所以用不定冠詞；第二空特指“那天晚上的天空”，所以用定冠詞the。2(2013·江西高考)Animals are obviously _ lower form of life than _ man.Aa; / Bt

11、he; theCa; the D/; /解析：選A句意：很明顯，動物是比人類更低級的生命形態(tài)。第一空用a修飾form，意為“一種”，第二空man是泛指，表示“人類”，前面不需要冠詞。故選A項。3(2012·全國卷)He missed _ gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump.Athe; the B不填； aCthe; a Da; 不填解析：選C句意：他在跳高中錯失了金牌，但在跳遠(yuǎn)中還有一次機(jī)會。前一個空格處特指跳高中的金牌，故用the；后一個空格處是不定冠詞與序數(shù)詞連用表示“再一；又一

12、”。 考點二 冠詞的習(xí)慣用法4(2013·新課標(biāo)全國卷)Four and _ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and _ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.Aa; a Bthe; theC不填； the Da; 不填解析：選A句意：四個半小時的討論一直持續(xù)到半夜，在中間休息時我們吃了奶酪、巧克力以及喝了點加糖的茶?！八膫€半小時”可以表示為four and a half hours或four hours and a half。break意為“休息”，是可數(shù)名詞，

13、這里表示泛指，其前應(yīng)用不定冠詞。故選A。1(2014·蘇州檢測)Last year I had _ narrow escape, and I don't want to risk my life _ second time.Athe; the Ba; /Ca; a Dthe; a解析：選C句意：去年我是死里逃生，我不想再一次冒生命危險了。第一空，a narrow escape表示“死里逃生”；第二空，a second time表示“再一次”。2(2014·泗陽中學(xué)月考)John, there's _ certain Mrs.Myles on _ phone

14、for you.Oh, I'm coming.Thank you.Aa; / B/; /C/; the Da; the解析：選D句意：“John，電話里有位Myles夫人找你。”“哦，我來了。謝謝你?！钡谝豢仗畈欢ü谠~a，泛指一位Myles夫人；第二空，on the phone意為“在電話里”，為固定短語。3Christmas is _ special holiday when _ whole family are supposed to get together.Athe; the Ba; theC/; a Da; /解析：選B句意：圣誕節(jié)是一個特殊的節(jié)日，那時全家人都應(yīng)該團(tuán)聚?！癬

15、 special holiday”泛指“一個特殊的節(jié)日”，第一空用不定冠詞a; the whole family表示“全家人”，為固定用法，第二空用定冠詞the。故B項正確。4It came as _ shock that _ fire broke out in Shanghai yesterday, killing at least 5 people.Aa; a Ba; /C/; a Dthe; the解析：選A句意：昨天發(fā)生在上海的一場火災(zāi)造成至少5人死亡，這是一件讓人震驚的事情?！癬 shock”表示“一件讓人震驚的事情”，故第一空用不定冠詞a；“_ fire”泛指“一場火災(zāi)”，故第二空

16、也用不定冠詞a。5(2014·安徽六校聯(lián)考)Most scientists seem to agree that _ certain limit should be set on _ consumption of cars to ease air pollution.Aa; the B/; theCthe; / Dthe; the解析：選A句意：大多數(shù)科學(xué)家似乎都同意限制汽車的消費，以減輕空氣污染。set a limit on .為固定搭配，意為“對設(shè)限”，故第一空用不定冠詞a；“_ consumption of cars”特指“汽車的消費”，故第二空用定冠詞the。6(2014&#

17、183;東北師大附中綜合素質(zhì)展示)It is said that _ wool produced in Australia is of _ high quality.A/; / Bthe; /Cthe; a Dthe; the解析：選B句意：據(jù)說澳大利亞產(chǎn)的羊毛質(zhì)量很好?！皃roduced in Australia”是后置定語，修飾wool，所以第一空用the表示特指；第二空是“be of抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，名詞前不用冠詞。7(2014·河南鄭州高中畢業(yè)年級質(zhì)量預(yù)測)How do you find the guy who took _ office last week?He's

18、always finding _ fault with others.A/; a Bthe; aC/; / Dthe; /解析：選C句意：“你覺得上周就職的那個人怎么樣？”“他總是找別人的茬?！眛ake office“就職”，find fault with sb.“找某人的茬”，兩者均為固定短語，故兩個空均不填冠詞。8(2014·南京第十二中學(xué)高三調(diào)研)What do you think we should do when _ earthquake happens?In my opinion, go to _ open space away from buildings or trees.Aan; an Bthe; anCan; the Dthe; the解析：選A“_ earthquake”表示“一場地震”，因此第一空用不定冠詞an，排除B和D；space在此處表示“大片空地”，為可數(shù)名詞，且表示泛指意義，所以第二空也用不定冠詞an。故選A。9(2014·徐州高三模擬)I started as _ office clerk, and turned _ department manager three years later.Athe; the Ban; aCan; / Dthe; /解析：選C句意：我從一名辦公室職員做起，3年后成了部門經(jīng)理。