完形填空、怎樣做好完形填空

1、怎樣做好完形填空訓(xùn)練學(xué)生運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)拇痤}技巧。具體來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：細(xì)讀首句，預(yù)測(cè)主題；跳讀全文，領(lǐng)會(huì)大意； 通讀全文，試選答案；細(xì)讀全文，推敲難題；復(fù)讀全文，復(fù)核答案。八過(guò)程：1. 先通讀一遍全文，對(duì)全文內(nèi)容、作者觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度、文體等各方面有個(gè)宏觀了解。雖然 開(kāi)始不可能完全了解短文內(nèi)容，但起碼要做到“八、九不離十” 。弄清大意，抓住了主題， 便為正確選詞打下了可靠的基礎(chǔ)。2. 然后讀一遍選項(xiàng)，知道均有哪些備選項(xiàng)。3. 再讀全文，并且可以邊讀邊用鉛筆試將所選的選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容填在空白處。這是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵 性的分析判斷階段。 同學(xué)們要瞻前顧后， 字斟句酌。不能只看空格前后兩個(gè)詞，而是應(yīng)該看 完整的句子。 這

2、時(shí)，應(yīng)調(diào)動(dòng)你學(xué)過(guò)的全部語(yǔ)言知識(shí)， 明確題目是要考查你哪方面知識(shí)的掌握。4. 再串讀，看鉛筆填上后，文章意思是否通順，語(yǔ)法語(yǔ)義是否準(zhǔn)確，是否可恢復(fù)原貌。5. 切不可不讀全文，見(jiàn)一空填一詞。6. 同學(xué)們要學(xué)會(huì)利用上下文中的各種語(yǔ)言線索和已有的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)來(lái)選詞。7. 如果遇到一時(shí)難以確定的答案可先不填，先去做后面的，或有把握的，待填完其他空 白后，再回過(guò)頭來(lái)做前面，有時(shí)候，前后空白往往形成互相提示和補(bǔ)充。同時(shí)，同學(xué)們還可 利用排除法， 首先排除不合題意的選項(xiàng)， 然后反復(fù)比較剩下的選項(xiàng)， 這樣就可以略為簡(jiǎn)單一 些。8. 最后還要利用自己各方面的知識(shí)和語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、歷史知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)等，細(xì)微分析比較， 理解中

3、心，全面驗(yàn)證。一：利用上下文判斷， 根據(jù)上下文解題是完形填空題的基本技巧， 這類(lèi)題目在中考中占 的比例較大。有時(shí)解題的 關(guān)鍵信息就在本段或本句，有時(shí)離設(shè)空處很遠(yuǎn) ，需要認(rèn)真分析。二：掌握重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)辨析常見(jiàn)的近義詞辨析：use,tell,say,talk,speak :win,lose,beat, hear,listen ,see,watch,look,notice, fall,fee l,leave,forget, borrow,lend take, spend, cost, pay 等。三： 分清指代關(guān)系 ；指代在完型中占有一定的比例，人稱(chēng)代詞比較簡(jiǎn)單， 只要分清文 中的人物關(guān)系，以及在句中所

4、做的成分，就容易判斷了。 但不定代詞有一定的難度，要分等。清 either ,neither ,all , both , none, something, everything, nothing ,anything四：正握重點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)常考動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)包括 look(out,for,after,like,up),give(away 捐獻(xiàn) 分發(fā)獎(jiǎng)品或放棄機(jī)會(huì) 或出賣(mài) ,up,in 屈服 ,out 放出氣味熱等 ,off 光線蒸汽 ),put(on,off,away,up),take(after,care of,off,up),turn(off,on,up,down,into),get(on,off,a

5、way 逃脫 離開(kāi)等。make （ a no ise ,a promise, a五：根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配，完型種總會(huì)涉及到一些詞語(yǔ)搭配，如:decision , a choice , a fire , a wish , a living), take ( a rest , a break , the medicine , the advice , a cha nee , a shower ,a look ),do (on e's homework ,morni ng exercises , the shopp ing) 等。六：利用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，雖然單憑語(yǔ)法完成的完型題目越來(lái)越少，但還是有一定的比

6、例。牢固的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)有助于我們準(zhǔn)確理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)，把握語(yǔ)意。完型種常涉及到的語(yǔ)法有：不定式和V-ing的用法，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，比較級(jí)等。七：根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系判斷，幾乎每篇完型都會(huì)考到一道連詞，判斷依據(jù)就是上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。轉(zhuǎn)折用but , or, although , though , even if等，并列用and ,選擇用or，條件用if,因果 關(guān)系用 because , so等。中考完形真題演練1：中考完形填空真題(海南)In the park I sat dow n to read on the ben ch, disappo in ted by life with good reas on to

7、compla in, for the world was IJetti ng me dow n.Then a young boy came up to me and said with great exciteme nt, "Look, what I foun d! "I n his hand was a flower and he placed it to his nose. He said with overacted surprise, "It sure 2 _ pretty and it's for you."The flower bef

8、ore me was dead. But I knew I must 3Jt, or he might n ever leave. So I reached for the flower and replied," Just what I n eed." But 4_plac ing the flower in my hand, he held it quietly without reason. It was then that I noticed for the very first time, that the boy was blind.I heard my voi

9、ce trembling （ 顫抖）,tears§ in the sun, as I thanked him for picking the "best" on e. I sat there and won dered how he man aged to see a self- pity ing woma n.Through the eyes of a bli nd child, at last I could see, the problem was not with the 6；the problem was me. And for all of those

10、 times I myself had bee n 7亠I made up my mind to see the 8 _ in life.1. A. onceB. hardlyC. alwaysD. seldom2. A. feelsB. smellsC. keepsD. seems3. A. getB. tryC. giveD. take4. A. as forB. in stead ofC. except forD. because of5. A. shi ningB. falli ngC. runningD. drying6. A. worldB. flowerC. boyD. life

11、7. A. anno yedB. sillyC. proudD. bli nd8. A. futureB. problemC. beautyD. reas on2:中考完形填空真題(陜西)Tom is the son of a farm owner. One new year's day, whe n he was 15, his father 1_him work on the farm for one year whe n he was free. Tom was 2_with his father's idea "that is n't my job.

12、I have_3 school work to do." hearing this, his father said, "l promise （ 許諾）to give you the best prese nt if you 4_finish one year's work."Tom thought for a while and 5 ."Start ing one Saturday, the boy got up early and worked 6_yn til evenin g, just like any other farmer. Ti

13、me passed quickly. Tom's crops （莊稼）grew well. 7_the last day of the year, the father called his son to him. "I' m happy to see that you have worked very hard the whole year." said the father."Now, tell me 8_you wan t"The boy smiled and showed his father a big piece of bre

14、ad made from his wheat（ 小麥）."I'vealready got the 9 prese nt. No pains no gain s. I think this is what you wan ted 10 to kno w."1. A. asked2. A. happy3. A. much too4. A. shall5. A. said6. A. hard7. A. at8. A. where9. A least10. A. mineB. letC. madeD. stoppedB.unhappyC. excitedD. worried

15、B. so littleC. too muchD. a lotB. mustC.needD. canB. an sweredC. agreedD.beganB. hardlyC. slowlyD. difficultlyB. onC. i nD. byB. whichC. howD. whatB. worstC. bestD. fewestB. IC. myD. me3:中考完形填空真題（蘇州）Who says hon esty is dead? Last Tuesday morning Alla n Reed, a stude nt at Clare mont College here, w

16、as gett ing 1_money out of the bank. He wan ted to have 50 dollars and the teller（ 銀 行出納員 ）_2_him five twen ties in stead of five tens. For a few sec on ds, as Alla n tells it, he won dered_3to do. Should he give the extra money back? Keep it? 4he kept it, he could buy several new clothes, or he cou

17、ld take his frie nd Sim on to a big dinner. 5_no one would ever notice（注意）.But then he 6_the teller. She was a middle-aged woman with a sweet face, and she remin ded him of his mother. She had bee n nice to him. Then he thought that there were probably exact（精確的）7kept of how much money was paid out,

18、 and the 8_would probably get in trouble. 9 _ of all, Allan felt he would probably feel 10 about keeping the extra money. Allan gave back the mon ey.1.A. lessB. someC. anyD. several2.A. addedB. tookC. askedD. gave3.A. whatB. howC. whereD. whe n4.A. SoB. IfC. AsD. Si nee5.A. quicklyB. shortlyC. proba

19、blyD. safely6.A. sawB. liste ned toC. heardD. looked at7.A. recordsB. datesC. photosD. places8.A. motherB. stude ntC. ladyD. man9.A. eachB. worstC. partD. best10. A. excitedB. satisfiedC.happyD. guilty答案：15BDABC610 DACBD4:中考完形填空真題（山東）One day a poor farmer was taking a bag of wheat to town. Suddenly

20、the bag _1_ from his horse on to the road.He did not know _2_ to do about it because it was _3_ heavy for him to lift by himself. He only hoped that some one would soon pass by and _4_ him a hand.Just at this mome nt a man _5_ a horse came up to him. But the farmer's heart sank whe n he saw who

21、he was. It was the great man liv ing _6_. The farmer had hoped to ask ano ther farmer or a poor man _7_ him to come along and help him. He could n't ask such a great man to help him. But to his _8_ ,the great man got off his horse as soon as he came nearer. He said to the farmer, "I see you

22、 _9_ help, friend. How good it is that I'm here just at the right time. "Then he took one end of the bag, the farmer the other, they together raised it and put it on the horse."Sir," asked the farmer, "how can I pay you?""It's quite easy," the great man rep

23、lied with _10_.Wherever you see anyone else in trouble, do the same for him.1、A.fallB.fellC .falli ngD.falle n2、A.whatB.howC.thatD.it3、A.veryB.soC.quiteD.too4、A.le ndB.askC.borrowD.gave5、A.ridi ngB.rideC.rodeD.rides6、A.n earbyB.farawayC.n earlyD.n ear7、A.asB.likeC.toD.for&A.surprisedB.surpris in

24、gC.surpriseD.surprises9、A.n eedsB.n eedC.to n eedD.needed10、A.smilesB.smileC.a smileD.a n smile5:中考完形填空真題（河北）Mr Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town.People sometimes _A him brokenumbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 there.One day Mr Brow n went to London by trai n. He_3 to take an umbrella with himthat day. Sitt ing in front of him was a man with an umbrella sta nding_4 the seat. When the trainarrived in London, Mr Brown 5up the umbrella as he often did during his journe