復(fù)合不定代詞的用法及考點(diǎn)解析

1、word復(fù)合不定代詞的用法及考點(diǎn)解析 作者:oscar | 2005-08-10 12:06 : 點(diǎn)擊數(shù):3908 復(fù)合不定代詞是由some,any,no,every加-body,-thing,-one構(gòu)成，列表如下：Somebody 某人Someone 某人Something 某物，某事Anybody 任何人Anyone 任何人Anything 任何事物Nobody 沒有人No one 沒有人Nothing 沒有東西Everybody 每人Everyone 每人Everything 一切由于在使用中有比擬特殊的習(xí)慣用法，是考試中比擬常見的考點(diǎn)?，F(xiàn)將常見的考試形式解析如下：一：復(fù)合不定代詞和局

2、部否認(rèn)局部否認(rèn)是考試中的熱門考點(diǎn)，常表達(dá)的結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種：1：not+全部肯定詞 2：助 動(dòng)詞+not+全部肯定詞。其意都為“并非都，不都。前者是一般形態(tài)，如：Not everyone likes English. 由于是根本概念，學(xué)生比擬容易理解。但后者和一般否認(rèn)句比擬相似，容易引起學(xué)生判斷上的疑惑，是出題的焦點(diǎn)。1I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _.A. everything B: anything C. something D. nothing 分析：有同學(xué)看到I dont agree就判斷是否認(rèn)句，選B,

3、anything .這就是對(duì)句子理解出現(xiàn)了偏差。句意是：我同意你所說(shuō)的大局部，但不是全部。是一句典型的局部否認(rèn)形式。noteverythign 的結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明“并非每件事。所以正確答案是A. everyting 。2 -The exam was difficult, wasnt it-No, but I dont think _ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D everybody分析：同上題一樣，不能將I dont think 簡(jiǎn)單得看成否認(rèn)句而選B. anybody。 “noteverybody構(gòu)成局部否認(rèn)，既“并非所有的人都能

4、通過(guò)。所以應(yīng)該選D. everybody。二：復(fù)合不定代詞的定語(yǔ)位置復(fù)合不定代詞被定語(yǔ)修飾的時(shí)候，定語(yǔ)必須放在不定代詞后面。特別是當(dāng)修飾的定語(yǔ)比擬復(fù)雜的情況下要認(rèn)真分析，弄清詞序間的修飾關(guān)系。1 There is _ with your car.A. nothing seriously wrong B. seriously wrong nothingC. nothing wrong seriously D. wrong seriously nothing 分析： 首先，seriously副詞修飾wrong 形容詞，seriously wrong表示“嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞，seriously wrong 修

5、飾nothing, 放在nothing 后面，意思是“嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞的地方，nothing seriously wrong , 所以答案是A。2 He asked me if there was _ to read. A. easy enough something B. enough easy somethingC. something easy enough D. something enough easy分析：副詞enough 修飾形容詞easy, 放easy后面，easy enough意思是“足夠簡(jiǎn)單的。easy enough 修飾不定代詞something ,放something 后面。s

6、omething easy enough意思是“足夠簡(jiǎn)單的東西，所以選擇C。三： 復(fù)合不定代詞與定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞當(dāng)復(fù)合不定代詞由定語(yǔ)從句修飾的時(shí)候，考察的重點(diǎn)在關(guān)系代詞的選擇。領(lǐng)先行詞為指物的不定代詞的時(shí)候，關(guān)系代詞為that,但something 后的關(guān)系代詞既可以是that,也可以是which。 領(lǐng)先行詞為指人的不定代詞的時(shí)候，關(guān)系代詞為who 或 that。 特別注意當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成分的時(shí)候可以省略，這也是考察的重點(diǎn)。1 Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.A. which

7、B. what C. whatever D. that分析：D. 先行詞everything在定語(yǔ)從句中做stolen的賓語(yǔ)，為指物的不定代詞。2 _ breaks the rule should be punished.A. Those who B. Who C. Anyone who D. The one分析：C. 先行詞anyone在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)。3 Now lets think of feedback as something _.A. that we should make to work for us B. we should make work for usC. in whi

8、ch we should make work for us D. we should make for us in分析：B. 先行詞something在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)，省去了關(guān)系代詞。而A的錯(cuò)誤在于make 后是不加to的。四：復(fù)合不定代詞與謂語(yǔ)的一致問題復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Everything that glittered is not gold.Nothing except for a few books was left for him by his father.五：復(fù)合不定代詞間的用法區(qū)別：1 大家都知道，帶some的復(fù)合不定代詞一般用于肯定句；而帶any的復(fù)合不

9、定代詞常用在否認(rèn)句，如：I have something important to tell you. If there is anything wrong, please let me know.但是，帶some 的復(fù)合不定代詞也可以用在表示說(shuō)話人希望得到肯定答復(fù)或表示請(qǐng)求，建議，詢問的疑問句中。如：Would you like _ to eatA. something B anyting C. everything D nothing 顯而易見，期待肯定答復(fù)，選A.2. 帶any的復(fù)合不定代詞用在肯定句中帶有“任何人，任何事的意思。Anyone who breaks the law wil

10、l be thrown into prison.As a teacher, I would do anything for my students.特別要注意的是帶any的復(fù)合不盯代詞不能再用否認(rèn)式。如：Anything could not be seen in that dark room. (F) 要表達(dá)否認(rèn)意思，只可以用對(duì)應(yīng)的全部否認(rèn)的詞代替。如：Nothing could be seen in that dark room.3. 指人的復(fù)合不定代詞合寫與分開寫，其意思和用法不同，以any為例。anyone 僅指人 任何人，某人， 不和of連用any one 即指人，也指物， 任何一個(gè)的

11、意思 可以于of連用Anyone can do the job.Any one of us can do the job. 4. 一般情況下，用nothing 答復(fù)以what 開頭的問題，nobody (no one) 答復(fù)who 開頭的問題。-Whats on the table - Nothing.-Who is in the classroom- Nobody. ( No one).六；在諺語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)的復(fù)合不定代詞1 Everybodys business is nobodys business. 人人管等于沒有人管。2 Everybodys friend is nobodys friend. 每個(gè)人的朋友就不是任何人的朋友。3 Everything is good for something. 是東西都有用處。4 Everything has two sides. 事物都有兩面性。5 He who has no conscience has nothing. 沒有良心的人一無(wú)所有。6 Nothing succeeds like success. 一事成功，事事成功。7 Nothing