動(dòng)詞ing做賓補(bǔ) 表語 定語 狀語及綜合練習(xí)

1、12高中英語語法動(dòng)詞ing形式做賓補(bǔ)表語定語狀語用法詳解及練習(xí) 第一部分：動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語 1 動(dòng)詞的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find等表示感官和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語，和一個(gè)名詞或代詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。 We heard the children shouting upstairs. 我們聽見孩子們?cè)跇巧辖泻啊?I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下

2、車的時(shí)候注意到一個(gè)男人從銀行里跑出來。 I felt my heart beating violently. 我覺得我的心在猛烈地跳動(dòng)。 2動(dòng)詞的-ing形式和不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語的區(qū)別 在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官動(dòng)詞后，既可用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，也可用不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，兩者之間有一定的區(qū)別。用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；用不定式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，即動(dòng)作的全過程結(jié)束了。 He saw a girl getting on the car. 他看見一個(gè)女孩在上汽車。 (She was getting on the car.) He

3、saw a girl get on the car and drive off. 他看見一個(gè)女孩上車開走了。 (She got on the car and drove off.) Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你聽見有人在敲門嗎？ (Someone is knocking at the door.) Do you hear someone knock at the door 你聽見有人敲門了嗎？ (Someone knocked at the door just now.) 提示： 如果賓語補(bǔ)足語是一系列的動(dòng)作，通常只能用不定式來表示，不用

4、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。 I saw him enter the room, sit down and light a cigarette. 我看見他走進(jìn)房間，坐了下來，點(diǎn)燃了一根香煙。 3動(dòng)詞的-ing形式也可用在have, get, leave, keep, set, catch等表示“致使”的動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 They should not leave us wondering what they will do next. 他們不應(yīng)該不讓我們知道他們下一步要做什么。 I won't have you running about in the room. 我不允許你在房間里跑來跑

5、去。 We kept the fire burning all night long. 我們使火整夜燃燒著。 第二部分動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作定語 1單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞的-ing形式可以作前置定語，一般有兩種含義。 說明被修飾名詞的用途和性能。 a reading room= a room which is used for reading閱覽室 running shoes= shoes for running跑鞋 a working method = a method of working工作方法 a sewing machine 縫紉機(jī) a swimming pool 游泳池 a drawing bo

6、ard 畫板 a dining car 餐車 a driving permit 駕駛許可證 a walking stick 手杖 a singing competition 歌詠比賽 a waiting room 候車室 表示所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在意思上接近一個(gè)定語從句，可以表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，也可表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。 developing countries = countries that are developing發(fā)展中國家 an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起來很普通的房子 a puzzli

7、ng problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困擾人的問題 a disappointing play令人失望的戲劇 an astonishing adventure 驚人的冒險(xiǎn) boiling water正在沸騰的水 a sleeping baby 熟睡的嬰兒 a barking dog 狂吠的狗 2作定語的-ing形式如是一個(gè)短語，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面。 The bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory. 裝著醋的那個(gè)瓶子應(yīng)送到實(shí)驗(yàn)室去。 They lived in a h

8、ouse facing south. 他們住在一所朝南的房子里。 The book being discussed a lot will be published next month. 人們談?wù)摵芏嗟哪潜緯乱粋€(gè)月將出版。 第三部分：動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作狀語 動(dòng)詞的-ing形式可以作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞，在句中表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨情況等。-ing形式作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步狀語時(shí)多位于句首；作結(jié)果、伴隨情況狀語時(shí)常位于句末。 1表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。 Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看

9、到那些畫，她想起了自己的童年。（= When she saw those pictures.） Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination. 我們已經(jīng)作好了充分準(zhǔn)備，現(xiàn)在可以應(yīng)考了。（= After we have made full preparation.） 2表示原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。 Not knowing his address, I can't send this book to him. 因?yàn)椴恢浪牡刂?，我不能把這本書送給他。（= As I don't know his

10、 address.） Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天沒有上學(xué)。（= Since he was ill.） 3表示結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列謂語。 His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父親死了，留給他許多錢。（= . and left him a lot of money） She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生氣，把玩具扔在地上，摔成

11、了碎片。（= . and broke it into pieces.） 4表示條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句。 Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. 順著這條路一直走，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)那家百貨商店。（= If you go straight down the road.） Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed. 如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就一定能成功。（= If you work hard at your lessons.） 5表示讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。

12、Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我賠償損失。（= Although they knew all this.） Working hard as he did, he was still unable to earn enough money to buy a car. 他雖然努力地干，但仍然掙不夠買車的錢。（= Though he worked hard as he did.） 6表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說明，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)。 He lay on the grass, staring at

13、 the sky for a long time. 他躺在草地上，長時(shí)間地望著天空。（= .and stared at the sky for a long time） She came into the house, carrying a lot of books. 她捧著許多書走進(jìn)了房間。（= .and carried a lot of books） 高中現(xiàn)在分詞用法綜合練習(xí)題V-ing作主語和賓語練習(xí)題一、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Though the task was difficult,they managed (finish) it on time.2.Imagine (trav

14、el) around the world and (taste) all the delicious foods in different counties.3.I suggest (invite) him to speak on education.4.He promised (attend) our meeting, but he didnt turn up.5.I practice (play) the piano in my spare time.6.All the boys are looking forward to (feed) the animals.7.I always pr

15、efer (start) early rather than (leave) everything to the last minute.8. (walk) is a good form of exercise for both men and women.9.While shopping women sometimes cant help (persuade) into buying more clothes than necessary.10.Do you think it of any use (argue) with him any more?We are wasting our ti

16、me (try) to persuade hom to give up the idea.11. (make) friends is an necessary part in our life.12.Its no use (argue) with a person like him.13.They are considering (go) to Hainan for the summer holiday.14.I regret (say) that I regret (do) such a silly thing.15.The thief ran away quickly to avoid (

17、catch).16.Would you mind (turn) down your radio a little,please?17.There is no use (keep) silent about such a matter.18.My (be) late made our boss very angry.19.The teacher told the students to stop and (write,listen) to him.20.He succeeded in (persuade) her to do the job.二、完成句子1.Please (記住開車時(shí)要多加小心)

18、next time.2.I （記得被邀請(qǐng)）to their party, but left the invitation in the office.3.When I came in, he （停止讀書）and looked up at me.4.When I saw Tom, I .（停下來和他打招呼）but the ignored me.5.He （試圖完成）the work with the least cost and fewest people.6.They decided that they would （嘗試住在美國）for several years.7.Please (繼續(xù)做

19、相同的練習(xí))8.Please (繼續(xù)看書)after doing exercise.9. （窗戶需要擦了）動(dòng)詞的ing形式作表語，定語，賓補(bǔ)和狀語一、 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語1.Her job is (keep)the lecture hall as clean as possible. 她的工作是盡量使報(bào)告廳保持干凈。2.The problem is quite (puzzle). 這個(gè)問題很令困惑。常用來作表語的現(xiàn)在分詞有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, movin

20、g, tiring, interesting, surprising等。二、 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語1 單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作前置定語  = a room which is used for reading 閱覽室 =shoes for running 跑鞋  =a method for working  工作方法 = countries that are developing發(fā)展中國家 = a house that looks ordinary看起來很普通的房子 = a problem that puzzles somebody困擾人的問題2 作定語的動(dòng)詞

21、-ing形式如是一個(gè)短語，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面,做后置定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。They lived in a housewhich which is facing south. 他們住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy who is playing basket. 你認(rèn)識(shí)在打籃球的那個(gè)小男孩嗎？The man who is visiting Japan is my uncle 正在訪問日本的那個(gè)男人是我的叔叔。三、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)1、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語常放在賓語后面，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過程或一種狀態(tài)。 When we retur

22、ned, we found a stranger (stand) in front of the house.2、能用-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的幾類動(dòng)詞:1) 表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的感官動(dòng)詞，（常見的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to + sb + doing sth（doing作賓補(bǔ)）I felt somebody (talk) behind me.I heard a girl (cry) in the dark.I noticed a thief (steal) on the bus.2) 表示

23、指使意義的動(dòng)詞使役動(dòng)詞，（常見的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave +sb/ sth + doing sth (doing作賓補(bǔ)）使某人做某事We kept the fire (burn)all night long.我們讓火整夜燃燒著。I wont have you (run)g about in the room.我不會(huì)讓你在房間里跑來跑去。He kept her (wait) understaris the whole day. 他讓她在樓下等了一整天。3、see, hear, feel, watch等動(dòng)詞之后用-ing形式和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)

24、別： We heard the telephone ringing.We heard the telephone ring.前者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，后者表示（或強(qiáng)調(diào)）動(dòng)作的全過程。四、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作狀語，在句中表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨等。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步狀語時(shí)多位于句首；作結(jié)果、伴隨情況狀語時(shí)常位于句末。1. (make) full preparations, we are ready for the examination.我們已經(jīng)作好了充分準(zhǔn)備，現(xiàn)在可以應(yīng)考了。(= After we have made full pr

25、eparations.)2. (be) ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.由于生病，他昨天沒有上學(xué)。(= Because he was ill.)3.His father died, (leave) him a lot of money. 他父親死了，留給他許多錢.(= and left him a lot of money.)4.He lay on the grass, (stare)at the sky for a long time.他躺在草地上，長時(shí)間地望著天空。(= .and stared at the sky for a long

26、time)5. (work) hard at your lessons, you will succeed.如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就一定能成功。(=If you work hard at your lessons.)6. (know)all this, they made me pay for the damage.盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我賠償損失。(= Although they knew all this.)練習(xí)題1.Fill in the blanks with the correct form of verbs.1) _(clean) women in big cities usua

27、lly get paid by the hour.2) All of us watched the hunter _(bring) down the dangerous bear.3) When he woke up, he found himself _(lie) in hospital.4) Electricity lines were brought down by _ (fall) trees in the storm.5) The tall building_ (build) now will be a hospital.6) The man _ (wear) a sad look

28、said, "I've lost my wallet."7) What is a water can used for?It's used to _ (water) flowers or something like that.8) There was a terrible noise_ (follow) the sudden burst of light.9) The missing boy was last seen_ (play) near the river.10) In parts of Asia you must not sit with you

29、r feet _(point) at another person.2.-ing形式作補(bǔ)語練與析從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1. Though I have often heard this song _, I have never heard you _ it.A. being sung; sang B. sang; singing C. sung; sing D. to be sung; to sing2. It was so cold that they kept the fire _ all night.A. to burn B. burn C. burn

30、ing D. burned3. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be puttingC. to putD. putting4. Did you meet anyone _ at the party?No, in fact, I found the party rather _.A. interesting; boring B. interested; boringC. interesting; bored D. interested; bored5

31、. The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off.A. to have stolen B. to be stealingC. to steal D. stealing6. Dont leave the water_ while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run7. The _ boy was last seen _ near the East Lake.A. missing; playing B. missing; playC. missed; played D. missed; to play8. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smokedRewrite the following