初中定語(yǔ)從句習(xí)題與練習(xí)-

1、初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句用法及配套練習(xí)一、定語(yǔ)從句的概念在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的后面。二、定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞包括that, which,who(賓格whom,所有格whose等,關(guān)系副詞包括where,when,why 等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用,同時(shí)又作定語(yǔ)從句的重要成分。三、定語(yǔ)從句的分類根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系,定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞,主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),從句不可省去,非限制性定語(yǔ)從

2、句主句與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開(kāi),起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。四、關(guān)系代詞的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不可省略,作賓語(yǔ)可省略。例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂(lè)。(that作主語(yǔ) The coat (thatI put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語(yǔ)2.which用于指物,在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)不可省略,作賓語(yǔ)可省略。例如:The building which stands near the train

3、 station is a supermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。(作主語(yǔ)The film (whichwe saw last night was wonderful. 我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。(作賓語(yǔ)3.who,whom用于指人,who 用作主語(yǔ),whom用作賓語(yǔ)。在口語(yǔ)中,有時(shí)可用who代替whom,也可省略。例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.經(jīng)常在英語(yǔ)方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國(guó)人。(作主語(yǔ)Who is the teacher (whomLi Ming is talki

4、ng to?正在與李明談話的老師是誰(shuí)?(作賓語(yǔ)注意:(1當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中含有介詞,介詞放在句末時(shí),who,that,which 可省略,但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí),只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如: This is the house in which we lived last year.這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔?。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請(qǐng)告訴我你從誰(shuí)那借的這本英文小說(shuō)。(2含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中,介詞不可前置,只能放在原來(lái)的位置上。例如:This is the person whom you are

5、 looking for. 這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。(3that 作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),介詞不能放它的前面,只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如:The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。(4關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況:a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾,或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一個(gè)通過(guò)考試的人。b.被修飾的先行詞為all,any,much,many,everything,anythi

6、ng,none, the one等不定代詞時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎?c.先行詞被the only,the very,the same,the last,little,few 等詞修飾時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。d. 先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:I can remember well the persons

7、 and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見(jiàn)到的人和一些照片。e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,為避免重復(fù),只能用that.例如:Who is the girl that is crying?正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)?f.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu),修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句用that,而不用which.例如:There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。(5關(guān)系詞只能用which,而不用that 的情況:a.先行詞為that,those時(shí),用which

8、,而不用that.例如:Whats that which is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些東西是什么?b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí),一般用which,而不用that.例如:This is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,用which,而不用that.例如:Tom came back,which made us happy. 湯姆回來(lái)了,這使我們很高興。五、關(guān)系副詞的用法(1when指時(shí)間,其先行詞表示時(shí)間,在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如:This was the time when he arrived.這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間

9、。(2where指地點(diǎn),其先行詞表示地點(diǎn),在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。例如:This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。(3why 指原因,其先行詞是原因,起原因狀語(yǔ)作用。例如:Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒(méi)人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。單項(xiàng)填空。1. -Do you know the man _is talking with your father?-Yes,hes our headmaster.A. heB. whoC. whichD. whom2. Is this the river

10、_I can swim?A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. the one3. This is the best hotel in the city _I know.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. it4. Can you lend me the dictionary _the other day?A. that you boughtB. you bought itC. that you bought itD. which you bought it5. Anyone _with what I said may put up you hands.A.

11、which agreesB. who agreeC. who agreesD. which agree6. My watch is not the only thing _ is missing.A. thatB. itC. which who7. The man _coat is black is waiting at the gateA. whosB. whoseC. that of which.8. The girl _ is reading under the tree _my sister.A. which;isB. whom;wasC. who;isD. who;was9. I l

12、ove places _the people are really friendly.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. who10. The world _ is made up of matter.A. in that we liveB. on which we liveC. where we live inD. we live in. 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom填空。1. The first thing _you must do is to have a meal.2. April 1st is the day _is called April Fools Day in the west.3. The family _had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their f